scholarly journals Study on Sulfur Transfer Behavior during Refining of Rejected Electrolytic Manganese Metal

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Liu ◽  
Wang ◽  
Cao ◽  
Li
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Outer Side ◽  
Electric Resistance Furnace ◽  
Desulfurization Rate ◽  
Removal Ratio ◽  
Sulfur Transfer ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese ◽  
Transfer Behavior

A slag treatment method was proposed to recycle rejected electrolytic manganese metal. To improve the sulfur removal ratio, computational fluid dynamics and experimental studies of the sulfur transfer behavior during the refining process were carried out. Experiments of slag-metal reaction for desulfurization were carried out using an electric resistance furnace at temperatures ranging from 1773 K to 1923 K. A transient three-dimensional coupled numerical model was established to represent the three-phase flow, heat and mass transfer in the experiment. The desulfurization rate was described by a metallurgical kinetics module, which was related to the slag composition, the interfacial tension coefficient, the flow and the temperature of the melt. The predicted sulfur content agreed reasonably well with the measured data. The temperature of the fluids at the outer side of the crucible was higher than that at the center, resulting in a larger sulfur partition ratio and a more vigorous flow. The sulfur transfer rate was higher at the outer edge of the molten slag–molten manganese interface. The sulfur removal ratio increased from 51.4% to 85.1% with a change in heating temperature from 1773 K to 1873 K, and slightly dropped to 83.3% when the heating temperature increased to 1923 K. The heating temperature of 1873 K is the optimal choice for recycling in the present work.

Application of preliminary low-temperature heating for cold forming of complex parts on cold former

2021 ◽  
pp. 396-399
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Lavrinenko ◽  
Yu.A. Lavrinenko ◽  
R.S. Fayruzov ◽  
A.S. Ayrapetyan ◽  
A.S. Kirsanov
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
40Kh13 Steel ◽  
Temperature Heating ◽  
Complex Parts

The results of experimental studies of flow curves of 32CrB4, 20G2R and 1.4034 (analogue of 40Kh13 steel) steels at different heating temperature of workpieces are presented. Rational intervals of preliminary lowtemperature heating of workpieces made of studied steels are obtained. It allows to decrease forces during cold forging, loads on the working tool and to increase of tool life time up to 2 times.

Device for Testing Pipe Billet

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 1166-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyo Wai Aung ◽  
Maryin S. Borisovich
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Protective Atmosphere ◽  
Pipeline Systems

Experimental studies of the influence of the heating temperature on the properties of pipe billets made of titanium alloys OT4 and OT4-1 in the formation of parts for the installation of pipeline systems without a protective atmosphere are presented.

Flow and Heat Transfer of Confined Impingement Jets Cooling

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Mingjie Lin ◽  
Ronald S. Bunker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Target Surface ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Transfer Behavior

Experimental studies on heat transfer and flow structure in confined impingement jets were performed. The objective of this study was to investigate the detailed heat transfer coefficient distribution on the jet impingement target surface and flow structure in the confined cavity. The distribution of heat transfer coefficients on the target surface was obtained by employing the transient liquid crystal method coupled with a 3-D inverse transient conduction scheme under Reynolds number ranging from 1039 to 5175. The results show that the average heat transfer coefficients increased linearly with the Reynolds number as Nu = 0.00304 Pr0.42Re. The effects of cross flow on heat transfer were investigated. The flow structure were analyzed to gain insight into convective heat transfer behavior.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE HEATING TEMPERATURE OF THE GREENHOUSE RADIATOR INSTALLATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Kondrat'eva ◽  
Dmitriy Filatov ◽  
Pavel Terent'ev ◽  
Bulat Ziganshin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Nominal Mode

The thermal regime of plants determines the temperature of the environment, the evaporation of moisture by plants, and the heating of plants by radiation from irradiation plants. Today, induction and LED greenhouse irradiators are promising for replacing irradiators with sodium lamps in terms of energy efficiency. Experimental studies were performed to assess the possibility of proximity of irradiators with induction lamps and LED irradiators to plants to increase their level of irradiation, in comparison with sodium radiation sources. When setting up the experiment, a complex was used, including a Fluke ti32 thermal imager, PHO-250-2-M linear autotransformer, 220V power supply, and a greenhouse irradiator. Processing of the measurement results was carried out in the Fluke SmartView 3.1 program. The heating temperature was determined when reaching the nominal mode, with the nominal mode of operation of the irradiators, with a change in the supply voltage level. Sodium and induction irradiators heat up to a maximum temperature 10 times faster than LED ones. The heating temperature of optical radiation sources with sodium lamps is 5 times higher than LED and 2.5 times higher than induction. A change in the supply voltage level affects the heating temperature of the sodium irradiator with electromagnetic ballasts, the heating temperature of sodium and induction irradiators with electronic ballasts, as well as LED irradiators, remains unchanged and equal to the nominal value at a supply voltage level of ± 10% of Unom.. Low heating temperatures of induction and LED irradiators can reduce the height of their suspension and bring them closer to plants, which will increase the irradiation of plants by increasing the level of illumination or reduce the power of irradiators, that is, increase the energy efficiency of irradiation systems

scholarly journals STUDY OF GRAIN DRYING IN THE AUTOMATED GRAIN DRYING UNIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
S. A. Pavlov ◽  
T. F. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Complex Object ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Grain Drying

Mine and column grain dryers are a fairly complex object of control in the production line. The process of grain drying is characterized  by a large number of parameters, quantitatively and qualitatively characterizing the dryer operation. First of all, this includes the criteria of maximum performance and minimum deviations of the moisture content of the dried grain from the standard values. These criteria, as studies show, are interconnected with each other: an increase in the performance П of the dryer leads to an increase in the moisture content of the grain coming out of it, and, conversely, an attempt to reduce the moisture content of grain causes the need to reduce the performance П. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to develop the expression for the transfer functions of the of grain flow control depending on perturbations of the initial moisture content and the maximum grain temperature, as well as to conduct experimental studies. (Materials and methods) The authors have developed simplified mathematical models of moisture perturbation compensation of grain coming in for drying and its heating temperature in a drying chamber by changing the dryer performance on the basis of theoretical-and-experimental studies. (Results and discussion). The authors  have obtained  expressions to control the process performance when the current humidity and temperature change through the dryer performance parameters as a function of grain moisture flow and heat used to grain heating up to an acceptable temperature. Farm tests of developed transition management functions have been implemented for dryer SZT-16 controlled by PLC S7-1200 Siemens and operating in an automatic mode. Tests have been conducted on the “Babachev” farm, Karachev district of the Bryansk region in the process of drying food wheat grain. (Conclusion) It has been confirmed that the dryer performance is determined not only by the rated capacity but also by the deviation of the current moisture content of grain from the specified values and by the ratio of the amount of heat used for evaporating and heating. The dryer performance at constant initial humidity is determined by its rated performance, the maximum specified difference of grain temperatures, as well as the ratio of the amounts of heat used for evaporating and heating.

scholarly journals Features of technological processing of seeds with an electromagnetic field of microwave before sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012142
Author(s):  
S V Vendin
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Microwave Exposure ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Technological Processing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract To increase the efficiency of crop production in the arsenal of the agronomic service there is a number of techniques, methods and technologies that reveal the potential of agricultural plants for all stages of production, starting with soil preparation, selection and preparation of seeds for sowing, agrotechnological measures during the growing season, harvesting technologies, storage and processing of products. The article presents the results of experimental studies on the use of the energy of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic fields for pre-sowing treatment of lupine seeds in order to increase their germination. Revealed the relationship between the parameters of microwave exposure and seed germination. The areas of modes where microwave treatment allows to increase germination, as well as areas of modes in which the impact does not reach the planned effect, or has a negative (depressing) effect, have been determined. Recommendations are given for ensuring the optimal modes of microwave processing and ensuring control of the parameters of the technological process. Based on the results obtained, it can be reliably asserted that the region of microwave treatment of lupine seeds, with a result exceeding the control values, is observed at exposure in the range from 50 to 60 s and at a specific microwave power of exposure from 1.0 to 1.17 kW/kg. The best result of an increase in germination by 1.5% was obtained at 60 s and 1.17 kW/kg. When treating seeds, it is recommended to maintain an average microwave heating rate of 0.50 °C/s until an average microwave heating temperature of 51.5 °C is reached.

scholarly journals Характеристики аэрозольного облака, образующегося при микровзрывном разрушении двухжидкостной капли

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (16) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Д.В. Антонов ◽  
Г.В. Кузнецов ◽  
П.А. Стрижак
Keyword(s):  
External Surface ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
External Surface Area ◽  
Asymptotic Nature ◽  
Video Registration ◽  
Initial Drop ◽  
Information Database ◽  
Two Fluid

The results of experimental studies of micro-explosion of two-fluid (water and rapeseed oil) droplets during heating in an air flow with a temperature of 250 to 450 oC are presented. As a result of video registration, an information database was obtained on the external surface area of the emerging aerosol cloud and the free surface of the liquid in comparison with the similar parameters of the initial drop. The dependences of these parameters on the heating temperature and the relative concentration (10–90 vol.%) of the combustible component in the droplet are established. The conditions for obtaining the asymptotic nature of these dependencies are determined.

Utilization of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke and Sulfur Transfer Behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1637-1641
Author(s):  
Xiao Rui Wang ◽  
Ming Lin Jin ◽  
Hui Cun Qian ◽  
Nan Gao ◽  
Xiao Ming Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Boiler Fuel ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
Sulfur Transfer ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Coal Blending ◽  
Transfer Behavior ◽  
Gaseous Sulfur

The presence forms of sulfur in High-sulfur petroleum coke and high temperature transfer was studied in this paper. It was found that a part of sulfur escape in the form of gaseous compounds through heating coke without air. The present structure of sulfide is inferred to be thiophene according to XPS spectra. The scientific calculation for amount of high sulfur petroleum coke can be continued according to the sulfur content of petroleum coke, sulfur transfer agent and permissible content of sulfur in the coke. The gaseous sulfur caused by the high sulfur petroleum coke which is directly used as boiler fuel and coal blending can be recycled through the original sulfur purification recovery system, meanwhile, the purification load rises.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THERMAL DIAGNOSTIC CONTROL OF ELECTRIC MOTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (157) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
S. Yesaulov ◽  
О. Babicheva ◽  
M. Kovalik
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Computing Device ◽  
Measuring Device

The article considers the cause of electromechanical equipment heating (EMЕ) during its operation. It has been reflected the well-known malfunctions of electric motors, that lead to overheating and failure of their individual components. Based on the analysis of existing methods of thermal diagnostics, It has been considered the trends in the creation of devices for monitoring thermal processes and it has been noted the reasons that restrain the use of technical diagnostics tools for thermal faults during the operation of EME. The purpose of this work was to increase the efficiency of the formation of initial information messages. Using the experimental data in the implementation of the EME working cycles, value of the thermal process velocity accompanying the variable technological modes with the bipolar behavior of the output ordinate were determined. Compared to the heating temperature, the rate of value change with a more noticeable contrast reflected the thermal events in the EME, thus determining the priority of this parameter to increase the efficiency of the measuring device. It has been considered methods of forming an array of initial data using a remote transducer sensor to control the heating temperature of equipment with a modulator. It has been proposed algorithms for the electronic formation of an array of initial values and their sorting according to the “principle of flotation”, when a select variables, belonging to the heating processes or cooling of equipment, is provided. A way and an algorithm for determining the rate of temperature change based on current data using a D-shaper are considered. Experimental studies of the electronic components of the diagnostic device with the D-shaper of the initial data array elements confirmed their physical implementation possibility by hardware and software. The results of data arrays formation, taking into account digital sequences in int format with an error of ± 1 Hz, in contrast to the most controlled parameter – float with an error of ± 0.08 ° C, did not change the properties of information messages, but made it possible to reduce the requirements for a microcalculator or a computing device. The results, obtained using the proposed technical solution, confirmed the possibility of increasing the efficiency of thermal and diagnostic control, contributing to a more accurate identification of possible electric motor malfunctions in the EME. The work presents illustrations confirming the suitability of mathematical descriptions and algorithms for processing the initial data for their practical application in electronic measuring instruments for monitoring and diagnosing malfunctions based on thermal events. Keywords: artificial neural network, remote control, modeling, parameter converter, modulator, transport, traction motor, identification, programming.

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