scholarly journals LC–MS-Based Metabolomics Discriminates Premium from Standard Chilean cv. Cabernet Sauvignon Wines from Different Valleys

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 829
Author(s):  
Vania Sáez ◽  
Doreen Schober ◽  
Álvaro González ◽  
Panagiotis Arapitsas
Keyword(s):  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Quality Differentiation ◽  
The North ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
A Company ◽  
Sample Set

Cabernet Sauvignon grapes in Chile, mainly grown between the 30° S and 36° S, account for more than 30% of Chilean wine production, and yield wines with different characteristics which influence their quality. The aim of this study was to apply a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)-based metabolomic protocol to investigate the quality differentiation in a sample set of monovarietal wines from eight valleys covering 679 km of the north-south extension. All samples were produced using a standardized red winemaking process and classified according to a company categorization in two major groups: premium and standard, and each group in two subcategories. The results pointed out that N-containing metabolites (mainly small peptides) are promising biomarkers for quality differentiation. Moreover, the premium wines were characterized by higher amounts of anthocyanins and other glycosylated and acetylated flavonoids, as well as phenolic acids; standard quality wines, on the other hand, presented stilbenoids and sulfonated catabolites of tryptophan and flavanols.

On the Internationalization of the Wireless Telecommunications Industry

2011 ◽  
pp. 197-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Weighting Scheme ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Wireless Telecommunications ◽  
France Télécom ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
A Company

Companies can benefit from diversifying internationally. This paper analyzes the internationalization efforts of six major European wireless telecommunications service providers: Telefonica, Deutsche Telekom, France Telecom, Vodafone, Telenor and TeliaSonera. Although all six companies have invested heavily in foreign markets, their internationalization paths have not been the same, resulting in foreign market portfolios with different characteristics. Utilizing a proportionate customer weighting scheme based on the number of subscribers controlled by a company in each market, the paper examines how the companies compared in 2007 versus 2002 in their extent and scope of internationalization and in the attractiveness of their foreign market portfolios with respect to some key growth, profitability, and risk market characteristics.

On the Internationalization of the Wireless Telecommunications Industry

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Weighting Scheme ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Wireless Telecommunications ◽  
France Télécom ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
A Company

Companies can benefit from diversifying internationally. This article analyzes the internationalization efforts of six major European wireless telecommunications service providers: Telefonica, Deutsche Telekom, France Telecom, Vodafone, Telenor and TeliaSonera. Although all six companies have invested heavily in foreign markets, their internationalization paths have not been the same, resulting in foreign market portfolios with different characteristics. Utilizing a proportionate customer weighting scheme based on the number of subscribers controlled by a company in each market, the article examines how the companies compared in 2007 versus 2002 in their extent and scope of internationalization and in the attractiveness of their foreign market portfolios with respect to some key growth, profitability, and risk market characteristics.

scholarly journals Phase relationships between Antarctic and Greenland climate records

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Steig ◽  
Richard B. Alley
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
The North ◽  
Climate Records ◽  
Climate Time Series ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Phase Relationships

AbstractComparison of climate records from Antarctic and Greenland ice cores shows that the two regions respond asynchronously during millennial-scale climate changes. the apparent out-of-phase relationship between the records has been described as a climate ``seesaw’’ in which cooling in the Northern Hemisphere is balanced by warming in the Southern Hemisphere. the same relationship has also been attributed to the initiation of climate-change events in the Southern Hemisphere, rather than the North Atlantic as is conventionally assumed. A simple statistical approach−band-pass filtering combined with lag–correlation tests−used to examine the phase relationships in more detail shows that neither an anti-phase nor a phase-lag relationship adequately describes the observations. Whereas Antarctic and Greenland climate records do exhibit approximate anti-phase behavior about 50% of the time, they are generally in phase during cooling. A phase lead of Southern Hemisphere climate of 1000–1600 years is statistically indistinguishable from a lag of 400–800 years, whether for Dansgaard–Oeschger, Heinrich or longer-duration events. the ``seesaw’’ or ``Southern lead’’ appearance of the data arises from the fundamentally different characteristics of the climate time series, most importantly the absence of rapid warming events in Antarctica comparable to those in Greenland. to be consistent with the observations, climate models will need to capture these characteristics, in addition to reproducing the correct phase relationships.

scholarly journals Coin Alloys of Tauric Chersonese in the Period of Independence

2021 ◽  
pp. 374-401
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Smekalova ◽  
Natalia L. Demidenko ◽  
Andrey N. Gavriluk
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
The North ◽  
The Given ◽  
First Time

This paper presents the results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of the composition of alloys of the two largest collections of coins of ancient Chersonese residing in the State Historical and Archaeological Museum Preserve of Tauric Chersonese and the Yevpatoria Regional Museum. In total, about a thousand coins studied, which, together with the 400 coins previously examined from the State Hermitage Museum, constitutes a solid basis for conclusions. The given paper analyses the data obtained for coins of Chersonese in the Period of Independence, that is from the emergence of local coinage in the early fourth century BC to the wars of Diophantos in the late second century BC. For the first time it has been determined that big dichalkoi were minted from a special coin alloy, two-component high-tin bronze, in the period of economic prosperity of Chersonese in the second half of the fourth and third centuries BC. These coins served as the financial basis for important transformations in the near and distant chora: the land division system of vineyards and territorial expansion of Chersonese into the north-western Taurica. Only in the third century BC, in the period of an unprecedented consolidation of land properties and the transformation of the wine production into a commodity industry, the minting of large silver coins of full metal value began probably for big financial deals and payments in international trade. The crisis in the minting of Chersonese in the late second century BC touched silver drachmae, the overwhelming majority of which were minted from a low-grade silver alloy with the copper comprising more than a third of the composition. Thus, full-weight coins turned to conditional money.

Comparison of Cabernet sauvignon responses to different Italian pedo-climatic environment of southern Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Monaco ◽  
Maurizio Buonanno ◽  
Arturo Erbaggio ◽  
Angela Roberta Lo Piero ◽  
Filippo Ferlito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Crop Water Stress Index ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Climatic Environment

<p>Water deficit is one of the most important effects of climate change able to affect agricultural sectors. In general, it determines a reduction in biomass production, and for some plants, as in the case of grapevine, it can promote fruit quality. However, high water stress should be avoided for any crop. Then, the monitoring and management of plant water stress in the vineyard is critical as well as the knowledge of how each specific cultivars react to it.</p><p>In this sense, a multidisciplinary study was carried out to compare the Cabernet sauvignon grapevine responses to different pedoclimatic conditions of southern Italy, in three areas devoted to high-quality wine production of Campania, Molise, and Sicilia regions. This study reports the preliminary results of the Italian National project “Influence of agro-climatic conditions on the microbiome and genetic expression of grapevines for the production of red wines: a multidisciplinary approach (ADAPT)”</p><p>In each site, the environmental characteristics were characterized and the soils described through a pedological survey.  During 2020, soil water content and the principal weather variables (e.g., temperature, rainfall, solar radiation, etc.) have been monitored by means of in situ stations, while plant responses collected by means of field campaigns (LAI, LWP, grapes acidity, sugar content). Moreover, due to COVID-19 pandemic, vegetational indexes (NDVI, NDVII, RENDVI) derived from Sentinel 2A images have been used to support the plant status monitoring.</p><p>The agro-hydrological model SWAP was used to solve the soil water balance in each site and to derive the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) during the growing season (April- October).</p><p>The CWSI index has been compared with data collected on plant status (e.g., leaf water potential, vegetational indexes from remote sensing) and correlated to grapes quality (e.g., sugar content, acidity).</p><p>The first results have demonstrated how local pedoclimatic conditions strongly affect grapes quality production on Cabernet sauvignon in southern Italy, furnishing important information regarding how this cultivar adapts and reacts to pedo-climatic variability. This last information is useful for planning future actions to support the vine growing resilience in southern Italy. In this way, at the end of ADAPT project, the collected information for the next two years will be used to realize a robust model calibration in order to analyze the plant response under future climate scenarios RCP (4.5 and 8.5).</p><p>                                                                                                   </p><p> </p><p>Keywords: cabernet sauvignon, CWSI, terroir, SWAP, quality</p>

The Ninth Circle: The Lena Goldfield Workers and the Massacre of 4 April 1912

Slavic Review ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 766-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Melancon
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Railroad Track ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
A Company ◽  
Snow Fall

"Stretching out ahead a frigid wasteland,…so thick a sheet of ice as never locked the Don up in its frozen source"Dante, Inferno, Canto XXXII, "The Ninth Circle"On a wintry early April day, far out in the Lena River basin to the north of Lake Baikal, a file of workers some three thousand strong marched determinedly out of the deforested hills along a road toward a company settlement on the Bodaibo River. Most walked three or four abreast on a road narrowed by the previous night's snow fall, as others trudged along a parallel railroad track a few meters away; within the sparse township, a small figure in the distance waved his arms and shouted but his voice faded in the chill late afternoon air. As the miners proceeded along lengthy stables and stacks of firewood, a uniformed guard hurried forward to persuade them to turn off onto another road. As they rounded the stables, the road curved somewhat bringing them into full view of a substantial building; only a wooden bridge over a small stream and perhaps two hundred meters stood between the workers and their goal. A company of soldiers stood in formation beyond the bridge. The workers' lines faltered uncertainly but people pushed forward from behind.

A Study Regarding Human Perception of a Company through Social Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
Mirona Ana Maria Popescu ◽  
Olivia Doina Negoiță ◽  
Anca Purcărea ◽  
Markus Helfert
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
A Company

Of the utmost importance is finding the social networks that best fit to an industry, a company, its products / services, and last but not least, with the target audience. Each social network has different characteristics and, in addition, a different philosophy.The authors aim to carry out a bibliographic research in this paper to highlight the extent to which social networks are used. As a result, a top of social networks will be built to help raise awareness, promote products, and consolidate a strong customer-company relationship. The authors will also realize a statistical analysis of online social media networks to determine their key indicators, traffic on each platform, time spent by a user on that platform, and other key indicators, through an online tool. The results of this paper consist in presenting two classifications: the first from the perspective of the companies and the second from the perspective of social network users.

Wine Production, Skin Pigments of Cabernet Sauvignon Grape and Related Progeny

1955 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Bockian ◽  
R. E. Kepner ◽  
A. D. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Wine Production

Casein proteolysis in human milk: tracing the pattern of casein breakdown and the formation of potential bioactive peptides

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Ferranti ◽  
Maria Vittoria Traisci ◽  
Gianluca Picariello ◽  
Antonella Nasi ◽  
Velia Boschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Peptide Fraction ◽  
Lysine Residues

The protein and peptide fraction of human milk samples collected from mothers of pre- and full-term infants in the first week after parturition was analysed by use of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. By characterising the peptide sequence, we defined the pathway of casein hydrolysis which leads to the formation of small peptides through intermediate oligopeptides. It was found that the action of a plasmin-like enzyme acting on specific lysine residues is the primary step in casein degradation. This is followed by endopeptidases and/or exopeptidases mediated cleavage of the oligopeptides which, in turn, produces a multiplicity of short peptides differing by one or more amino acid residues. In this process, a series of potentially bioactive peptides (opioid, phosphopeptides) and their precursors are produced.

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