scholarly journals Medieval Pb (Cu-Ag) Smelting in the Colline Metallifere District (Tuscany, Italy): Slag Heterogeneity as a Tracer of Ore Provenance and Technological Process

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Laura Chiarantini ◽  
Marco Benvenuti ◽  
Giovanna Bianchi ◽  
Luisa Dallai ◽  
Vanessa Volpi ◽  
...  

Archaeological investigations of the Colline Metallifere district (Southern Tuscany, Italy) have highlighted several Medieval sites located close to the main Cu-Pb-Fe (Ag) ore occurrences. This study is focused on the investigation of late-medieval slags from Cugnano and Montieri sites using both geochemical and mineralogical methods to understand slag heterogeneities as result of ore differences and technological processes. Matte-rich slags present in both sites (with abundant matte ± speiss and frequent relict phases) represent waste products related to primary sulphide ore smelting to obtain a raw lead bullion. The distribution of slags between the Ca-rich or Fe-rich dominant composition, and the consequent mineralogy, are tracers of the different ore–gangue association that occurred in the two sites. Silver is present only in very small matte-rich slags and ores enclosed within the mortar of the Montieri site; wastes derived from silver-rich mineral charges were probably crushed for the recovery of silver. Matte-poor slags found at Montieri represent a second smelting; raw lead bullion obtained from matte slags (both Fe- and Ca-rich) was probably re-smelted, adding silica and Al2O3-phase-rich fluxes, under more oxidizing conditions to reduce metal impurities. This second step was probably employed for Zn-rich lead ores; this process helped to segregate zinc within slags and improve the quality of the metal.

Author(s):  
Valentyna Bandura ◽  
Oleksandr Popiak

Different technologies of soybean seed drying are considered, their positive and negative sides are revealed. A comparative analysis of drying methods was carried out. It is established that the drying of soybean seeds in an electromagnetic field is one of the most promising. A combination of two methods of drying infrared and microwave soybean seeds in a single technological process is proposed. The requirements for the quality of soybean seeds are considered when stored in accordance with the State Standard, in particular the observance of humidity, which should not be more than 12%.


Transport ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfas Baublys

A technological process is evaluated as a random process and assessed in respective models. The methodology of formalizing technological processes in the terminal and criteria for optimal control and the quality of the technological process are suggested. In addition, models and algorithms for the optimal control of freight clearing technological process are proposed.


Author(s):  
S. Hrushetskyi ◽  
А. Rud ◽  
І. Semenyshyna ◽  
Ie. Medvediev

Introduction. To represent our national goods at the Western market it is necessary to ensure, first of all, the competitiveness of local products through complex mechanization of technological processes, labour costs reduction, increasing yields and quality of received products. The aim of the research is to provide the comparative analysis of technology and machines for potato harvesting, to determine the main factors that influence the agricultural technical indicators of harvesting equipment, to develop technological process patterns and to examine the strategies for improving the potato root-and-harvest machines. Methods and methodology. The research was carried out on the basis of technological and constructional analysis of technology and machines for potato harvesting. The methods of comparison and mathematical modelling of technological processes were used in the study. The research studies of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technology and machines for potato harvesting were used as information base of our paper. Results. A comparative analysis of technology and machines for potato harvesting made it possible to determine the main factors that influence the agricultural performance of harvesting machinery and to develop the technological process for a digger, a double-loader digger and a harvester (harvesting machines). A theoretical model of the technological processes of harvesting machines includes both uncontrolled and controlled factors that influence the choice of a potato harvesting technology of a digger, a double-loader digger and a harvester. Nevertheless, the first factors are connected, primarily, with the conditions of potato growth and its biological properties, and the second factors deal with the organizational and technical measures, including the improvement of the working bodies of machines (cutting, dirt digging through, top separation, longitudinal hump with cut roller and other constructive and kinematic parameters), quality of received products, length and terms of potato storage, available farming human resources, free vehicle in the period of harvesting, farm potato storage, farm equipment for potato cleaning and sorting.


2020 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
E. M. Zimin ◽  
◽  
V. V. Martishkin ◽  

The article presents the list of singular indicators of technological support of technologies and the method of determining their actual values and their quality levels. According to the results of determining the quality level of technological processes, one of three management decisions can be made. The paper describes singular quality indicators that are directly related to the quality of technological processes in the machine-building industry, at the stage of design and preparation of technical documentation. And also presented are complex quality indicators, based on which determine the generalized indicator of quality of the evaluated technological process. As a result of the work the features of conformity assessment of technological processes and related mandatory requirements are formed. Also described is the process of obtaining a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the quality of the technological process with a detailed description of all necessary formulas


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Б.Т. Бозоров ◽  
◽  
А. Парпиев ◽  
М.М. Очилов

The article analyzes the state of cleaning of raw cotton. As a result of the experiments, the technological process of cleaning used in the ginning process and the effect of calcum drums on the quality of the fiber when cleaning raw cotton were studied. Also, the influence of various technological processes on the quality of products in the process of cleaning cotton was determined by conducting experiments on different breeding varieties.Key words:cotton, quality indicators, technology, cleaning, trash, cleaner, peel drum


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1(51)) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Z. V. Lovkis ◽  
A. I. Grigel

The article is devoted to the topic of pasta and such technological processes of their production as kneading pasta dough, pressing or forming pasta, drying finished products. The characteristic features and defining parameters for each of the processes are described. The main parameters that affect the quality of the finished product for the technological process of kneading the dough are humidity, temperature and the process of vacuuming the dough, for the process of forming pasta – pressing pressure and humidity of the dough, for the drying process-temperature, speed and humidity of the drying air. The character of the dough movement in the screw chamber and the pressing head during the molding of pasta is described, the drying process of pasta is considered, the drying curve of pasta is shown.


Author(s):  
S.B. Kudryashev ◽  
◽  
N.S. Assev ◽  
R.D. Belashov ◽  
V.A. Naumenko ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to solving one of the most important problems of the development of the sugar industry in Russia – the modernization of sugar production processes. Today, sugar production is actively being modernized, shifting most of its processes to the path of avomatization and optimization to improve the quality of products. This article describes one of the main ways to obtain information about the concentration of sucrose in syrup in the production of sugar.


Author(s):  
АNDREI B. KALININ ◽  
◽  
IGOR Z. TEPLINSKY ◽  
ОLEG V. SMELIK ◽  
ALEKSANDRA А. MANOKHINA ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Sh.U. Yuldashev ◽  
D.T. Abdumuminova

The article provides an overview of the principle of the pump D630-90, as well as methods for studying the real conditions of technical support to improve maintainability and optimize technological processes and systems. A technological process for the restoration of the shaft of a centrifugal water pump has been developed and an algorithm for managing it has been proposed, on the basis of which the system for energy-efficient management of the recovery area has been implemented. Also in the article some questions of use, metal-filled compound SK812, and also application of ultrasonic processing of a surface of a shaft of the centrifugal water pump of mark D630-90 are mentioned and considered. The developed technological process of pump shaft restoration showed that it is characterized by simplicity, it fits well into the production process of repair and can be widely used in repair shops.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5795
Author(s):  
Sławomir Biruk ◽  
Łukasz Rzepecki

Reducing the duration of construction works requires additional organizational measures, such as selecting construction methods that assure a shorter realization time, engaging additional resources, working overtime, or allowing construction works to be performed simultaneously in the same working units. The simultaneous work of crews may affect the quality of works and the efficiency of construction processes. This article presents a simulation model aimed at assessing the impact of the overlap period on the extension of the working time of the crews and the reduction of a repetitive project’s duration in random conditions. The purpose of simulation studies is to provide construction managers with guidelines when deciding on the dates of starting the sequential technological process lines realized by specialized working crews, for sustainable scheduling and organization of construction projects.


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