Assessing the Antioxidant Properties of Larrea tridentata Extract as a Potential Molecular Therapy against Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington’s, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases. Larrea tridentata (LT) also known as Creosote Bush is an evergreen shrub found in the Chihuahuan desert which has been used medicinally by Native American tribes in southwestern North America and the Amerindians of South America. However, studies of the antioxidant capacity of the crude extract of LT towards the discovery of novel molecular therapies bearing antioxidants and drug-like properties are lacking. In this study, we assessed the antioxidant properties of Larrea tridentata, collected specifically from the Chihuahuan desert in the region of El Paso del Norte, TX, USA. LT phytochemicals were obtained from three different extracts (ethanol; ethanol: water (60:40) and water). Then the extracts were evaluated in eight different assays (DPPH, ABTS, superoxide; FRAP activity, nitric oxide, phenolic content, UV visible absorption and cytotoxicity in non-cancerous HS27 cells). The three extracts were not affecting the HS27 cells at concentrations up to 120 µg/mL. Among the three extracts, we found that the mixture of ethanol: water (60:40) LT extract has the most efficient antioxidant properties (IC50 (DPPH at 30 min) = 111.7 ± 3.8 μg/mL; IC50 (ABTS) = 8.49 ± 2.28 μg/mL; IC50 (superoxide) = 0.43 ± 0.17 μg/mL; IC50 (NO) = 230.4 ± 130.4 μg/mL; and the highest phenolic content was estimated to 212.46 ± 7.05 mg GAE/L). In addition, there was a strong correlation between phenolic content and the free-radical scavenging activity assays. HPLC-MS study identified nine compounds from the LT-ethanol: water extract including Justicidin B and Beta peltain have been previously reported as secondary metabolites of Larrea tridentata.

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Structurally Related Edaravone Analogues: Synthesis, Antiradical, Antioxidant, and Copper-Chelating Properties

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527318666191114092007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 779-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandre LeBlanc ◽

Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf ◽

Pier Jr. Morin ◽

Mohamed Touaibia

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Therapeutic Options ◽

Partial Charge ◽

Associated Diseases ◽

Significant Interest ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

Background:: The current therapeutic options available to patients diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are limited and edaravone is a compound that has gained significant interest for its therapeutic potential in this condition. Objectives: : The current work was thus undertaken to synthesize and characterize a series of edaravone analogues. Methods: A total of 17 analogues were synthesized and characterized for their antioxidant properties, radical scavenging potential and copper-chelating capabilities. Results: Radical scavenging and copper-chelating properties were notably observed for edaravone. Analogues bearing hydrogen in position 1 and a phenyl at position 3 and a phenyl in both positions of pyrazol-5 (4H)-one displayed substantial radical scavenging, antioxidants and copper-chelating properties. High accessibility of electronegative groups combined with higher electronegativity and partial charge of the carbonyl moiety in edaravone might explain the observed difference in the activity of edaravone relative to the closely related analogues 6 and 7 bearing hydrogen at position 1 and a phenyl at position 3 (6) and a phenyl in both positions (7). Conclusion: Overall, this study reveals a subset of edaravone analogues with interesting properties. Further investigation of these compounds is foreseen in relevant models of oxidative stress-associated diseases in order to assess their therapeutic potential in such conditions.

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Ethanol Extract of Maclura tricuspidata Fruit Protects SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage via Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB Signaling

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22136946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (13) ◽

pp. 6946

Author(s):

Weishun Tian ◽

Suyoung Heo ◽

Dae-Woon Kim ◽

In-Shik Kim ◽

Dongchoon Ahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Neuroprotective Effects

Free radical generation and oxidative stress push forward an immense influence on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Maclura tricuspidata fruit (MT) contains many biologically active substances, including compounds with antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MT fruit on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with MT, and cell damage was induced by H2O2. First, the chemical composition and free radical scavenging properties of MT were analyzed. MT attenuated oxidative stress-induced damage in cells based on the assessment of cell viability. The H2O2-induced toxicity caused by ROS production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was ameliorated by MT pretreatment. MT also promoted an increase in the expression of genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). MT pretreatment was associated with an increase in the expression of neuronal genes downregulated by H2O2. Mechanistically, MT dramatically suppressed H2O2-induced Bcl-2 downregulation, Bax upregulation, apoptotic factor caspase-3 activation, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (JNK, ERK, and p38), and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, thereby preventing H2O2-induced neurotoxicity. These results indicate that MT has protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells and can be used to prevent and protect against neurodegeneration.

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A Polysaccharide Purified from Morchella conica Pers. Prevents Oxidative Stress Induced by H2O2 in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) 293T Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19124027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 4027 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Na Xu ◽

Yi Lu ◽

Jumin Hou ◽

Chao Liu ◽

Yonghai Sun

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Average Molecular Weight ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ultrastructural Observation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Ferrous Ions ◽

Nuclear Condensation ◽

Morchella Conica

Morchella conica Pers. (M. conica) has been used both as a medical and edible mushroom and possesses antimicrobial properties and antioxidant activities. However, the antioxidant properties of polysaccharides purified from M. conica have not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antioxidant properties of a polysaccharide NMCP-2 (neutral M. conica polysaccharides-2) purified from M. conica, as determined by radical scavenging assay and H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HEK 293T cells. Results showed that NMCP-2 with an average molecular weight of 48.3 kDa possessed a much stronger chelating ability on ferrous ions and a higher ability to scavenge radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) than the other purified fraction of NMCP-1 from M. conica. Moreover, 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetra-zolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that NMCP-2 dose-dependently preserved cell viability of H2O2-induced cells. The NMCP-2 pretreated group reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and increased the mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) levels. In addition, Hoechst 33342 staining revealed cells treated with NMCP-2 declined nuclear condensation. Ultrastructural observation revealed that NMCP-2 pretreatment alleviated the ruptured mitochondria when exposed to H2O2. Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that NMCP-2 prevented significant downregulation of the protein expression of Bax, cleaved caspases 3, and upregulated Bcl-2 levels. These results suggest the protective effects of NMCP-2 against H2O2-induced injury in HEK 293T cells. NMCP-2 could be used as a natural antioxidant of functional foods and natural drugs.

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Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.

Hemijska industrija ◽

10.2298/hemind160518047g ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 (5) ◽

pp. 361-370

Author(s):

Slavica Grujic ◽

Ana Dzamic ◽

Violeta Mitic ◽

Vesna Stankov-Jovanovic ◽

P.D. Marin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Scavenging Activity

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin?Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 ?mol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 ?mol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.

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Comparison of ameliorative effects of Taraxacum syriacum and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney

The Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1093/jb/mvaa107 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Eshrati ◽

Mahvash Jafari ◽

Saeed Gudarzi ◽

Afshen Nazari ◽

Esmaeil Samizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Ameliorative Effect ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Serum Biochemical

Abstract Taraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.

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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LIQUORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA) IN HEPG2 CELL LINE

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i9.11954 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 293 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dasharath B. Shinde ◽

Santosh S. Koratkar ◽

Neeti Sharma ◽

Ajinkya A. Shitole

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Hepg2 Cell Line

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) against H2O2 induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cell line.Methods: Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra was investigated by measuring total phenolic content using folin-ciocalteu reagent (FCR), free radical scavenging activity by DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extract was confirmed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Furthermore, the protective effect of methanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in HepG2 cells was investigated by MTT assay. HepG2 cells were exposed with five different treatments viz. liquorice, H2O2, ascorbic acid, H2O2+liquorice and H2O2+ascorbic acid, to explore the effect of the extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) production, catalase activity, and glutathione reductase levels.Results: The total phenolic content estimated in Glycyrrhiza glabra extract was found to be 241.47 µg per 1000 µg/ml of methanolic extract. It was found that as the concentration of the extract was increased both the free radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing power was also found to increase. LC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of eight different phenolic compounds in the methanolic extract which are possibly contributing to the antioxidant activity exhibited by the extract. It was also observed that liquorice treated HepG2 cells showed lower MDA and higher glutathione and catalase levels as compared to only H2O2 treated HepG2 cells where increased MDA production, decreased glutathione reductase and catalase production was observed.Conclusion: Our results thus conclude that, the methanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra can be used as natural supplements in various disease conditions where oxidative stress has been reported.

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ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF RUTA ANGUSTIFOLIA EXTRACT

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v77.6747 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 77 (25) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nur Azfa Shuib ◽

Anwar Iqbal ◽

Fatimatul Akmal Sulaiman ◽

Izzatie Razak ◽

Deny Susanti

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Polyphenolic Content

Ruta angustifolia was used in this study in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties and its correlation with the polyphenolic content. Two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778) and two Gram–negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739) were used to determine the antibacterial activity. Aqueous maceration extract was used for antioxidant activities and methanolic maceration extract was used for antibacterial activity. The antioxidant properties and activities were evaluated by using total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH free radical scavenging activity and beta-carotene bleaching method. Whereas, the antibacterial activity was examined using disc diffusion method against selected microorganism at concentration 1.0 mg/disc. The results showed the phenolic content of R. angustifolia extract was 18.89 g GAE/100 g extract while the flavonoid content was 14.170 g QE/100 g extract. R. angustifolia exhibited good radical scavenging with IC50 value of 2.04 mg/ml. The result for disc diffusion method showed no inhibition zone against all the strains of bacteria at 1.0 mg/disc concentration of the extract. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the R. angustifolia aqueous extract has the antioxidant properties and there is correlation between polyphenolic content of the extract with its antioxidant activity. However, R. angustifolia methanolic extract did not show any antibacterial activity.

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Improvement of endothelial function by Gunnera tinctoria extract with antioxidant properties

Biological Research ◽

10.1186/s40659-020-00322-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Constanza Sabando ◽

Maité Rodríguez-Díaz ◽

Walther Ide ◽

Edgar Pastene ◽

Marcia Avello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Ellagic Acid ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Umbilical Vein ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Quercetin Derivatives

Abstract Background Gunnera tinctoria has been collected by Mapuche-Pewenche people for food and medicinal purposes. The high polyphenol content of methanolic extract from G. tinctoria leaves with chemical constituents such as ellagic acid and quercetin derivatives suggests its application to prevent endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the protective effect of this extract on endothelial function by reducing oxidative stress induced by high d-glucose and H2O2, as well as by stimulating nitric oxide (NO) levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results A methanolic extract with a high content of polyphenols (520 ± 30 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry extract) was obtained from G. tinctoria leaves. Its main constituent was ellagic acid. The results of Ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays of the extract confirmed its antioxidant activity by inhibition pathway of radical species. The incubation of HUVECs with the extract decreased the apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis induced by high extracellular concentration of d-glucose or hydrogen peroxide. The extract increased endothelial NO levels and reduced vasoconstriction in human placental vessels. Conclusions This study provides evidence about the antioxidant and endothelial protective properties of methanolic G. tinctoria leaf extract. The extract improves the availability of NO in HUVECs, inhibiting the production of ROS and vasoconstriction.

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Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. Leaves Increase SIRT1 Levels and Improve Stress Resistance

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/5238650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo ◽

Paulo Matafome ◽

Bianca Pancoti Iacia ◽

Kátia Ávila Antunes ◽

Jéssica Maurino dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

C Elegans ◽

Acrocomia Aculeata

Oxidative stress is a metabolic disorder linked with several chronic diseases, and this condition can be improved by natural antioxidants. The fruit pulp of the palm Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. is widely used in the treatment of various illnesses, but as far as we know, there are no reports regarding the properties of its leaves. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of A. aculeata leaf extracts obtained with water (EA-Aa), ethanol (EE-Aa), and methanol (EM-Aa) solvents. The extracts were chemically characterized, and their antioxidant activity was assessed through the scavenging of the free radicals DPPH and ABTS. EE-Aa and EM-Aa showed the highest amounts of phenolic compounds and free radical scavenging activity. However, EA-Aa was more efficient to protect human erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. Thus, we further show the antioxidant effect of EA-Aa in preventing AAPH-induced protein oxidation, H2O2-induced DNA fragmentation, and ROS generation in Cos-7 cells. Increased levels of Sirt1, catalase, and activation of ERK and Nrf2 were observed in Cos-7 treated with EA-Aa. We also verify increased survival in nematodes C. elegans, when induced to the oxidative condition by Juglone. Therefore, our results showed a typical chemical composition of plants for all extracts, but the diversity of compounds presented in EA-Aa is involved in the lower toxicity and antioxidant properties provided to the macromolecules tested, proteins, DNA, and lipids. This protective effect also proven in Cos-7 and in C. elegans was probably due to the activation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway. Altogether, the low toxicity and the antioxidant properties of EA-Aa showed in all the experimental models support its further use in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

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Evaluation of the Potential Cardioprotective Activity of Some Saudi Plants against Doxorubicin Toxicity

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2012-5-609 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (5-6) ◽

pp. 297-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Osama M. Ashour ◽

Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim ◽

Hossam M. Abdallah ◽

Ayman A. Nagy ◽

Ahmed M. Mohamadin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Serum Markers ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Cordia Myxa

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of several tumours. However, its cardiac toxicity limits its use at maximum therapeutic doses. Most studies implicated increased oxidative stress as the major determinant of DOX cardiotoxicity. The local Saudi flora is very rich in a variety of plants of quite known folkloric or traditional medicinal uses. Tribulus macropterus Boiss., Olea europaea L. subsp. africana (Mill.) P. S. Green, Tamarix aphylla (L.) H. Karst., Cynomorium coccineum L., Cordia myxa L., Calligonum comosum L’ Hér, and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal are Saudi plants known to have antioxidant activities. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential protective effects of methanolic extracts of these seven Saudi plants against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Two plants showed promising cardioprotective potential in the order Calligonum comosum > Cordia myxa. The two plant extracts showed potent in vitro radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. They significantly protected against DOX-induced alterations in cardiac oxidative stress markers (GSH and MDA) and cardiac serum markers (CK-MB and LDH activities). Additionally, histopathological examination indicated a protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In conclusion, C. comosum and C. myxa exerted protective activity against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which is, at least partly, due to their antioxidant effect

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