The Impact of Different Cultivation Systems on the Content of Selected Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Carlina acaulis Plant Material

Roots and leaves of Carlina acaulis L. are still used in ethnomedicine in many European countries; however, the limited occurrence of the plants and protection of this species necessitate a search for alternative ways for obtaining this plant material. In this study, in vitro cultures, hydroponic cultures, and field cultivation were applied to obtain the C. acaulis plant material. Its quality was evaluated using antioxidant activity tests and high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Our study showed that the antioxidant activity and the content of chlorogenic and 3,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid in roots of plants cultivated in hydroponics and field conditions were comparable. However, the amount of carlina oxide was significantly higher in plants from the field. The flavonoid content in leaves obtained from both cultivation systems was at the same level; however, the antioxidant activity and the content of the investigated metabolites were higher in the soil cultivation system. The callus line exhibited high differentiation in phytochemical compositions depending on the treatments and medium compositions.

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In Vitro Propagation, Huperzine A Content and Antioxidant Activity of Three Genotypic Huperzia serrata

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1112

Author(s):

Yan Yang ◽

Liangfang Dai ◽

Decai Wu ◽

Limin Dong ◽

Yisheng Tu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

In Vitro Propagation ◽

Huperzine A ◽

Induction Medium ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Regeneration Rate ◽

Huperzia Serrata ◽

Chromatography Analysis

Huperzia serrata is a traditional herb and endangered Chinese medicinal material, which has attracted much attention due to its production of Huperzine A (HupA). In vitro propagation of H. serrata is considered a new way to relieve the resource pressure of H. serrata. In this study, three different genotypic wild H. serrata were used for in vitro propagation. Then, the antioxidant activity and the content of HupA in the regenerated H. serrata were investigated. The results showed the survival rate of the explant was increased to 25.37% when using multiple sterilization processes. The best induction medium for H. serrata was the Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·L−1 Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg·L−1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), where the regeneration rate of the explant was to 57.04%. The best proliferation medium was the SH medium with NAA (1.0 mg·L−1), as the biomass of in vitro tissue increased 164.17 ± 0.41 times. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the in vitro culture of three genotypes could produce HupA and the content of HupA was 53.90–87.17 µg·g−1. The antioxidant experiment showed that the methanol extract of in vitro H. serrata had higher antioxidant activity than that of wild H. serrata. This study provides a reliable in vitro H. serrata culture protocol and laid an important foundation for the antioxidant capacity of the thallus and the content of HupA.

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Abnormal physiological properties and altered cell wall composition in Streptococcus pneumoniae grown in the presence of clavulanic acid.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.41.3.504 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 504-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

A Severin ◽

E Severina ◽

A Tomasz

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

High Performance ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Beta Lactam ◽

Chromatography Analysis ◽

Peptide Composition ◽

Increased Sensitivity ◽

Altered Cell ◽

Quantitative Changes

Subinhibitory concentrations of clavulanate caused premature induction of stationary-phase autolysis, sensitization to lysozyme, and reductions in the MICs of deoxycholate and penicillin for Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the range of clavulanate concentrations producing these effects, this beta-lactam compound was selectively bound to PBP 3. Cell walls isolated from pneumococci grown in the presence of clavulanate showed increased sensitivity to the hydrolytic action of purified pneumococcal autolysin in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the peptidoglycan isolated from the clavulanate-grown cells showed major qualitative and quantitative changes in stem peptide composition, the most striking feature of which was the accumulation of peptide species carrying intact D-alanyl-D-alanine residues at the carboxy termini. The altered biological and biochemical properties of the clavulanate-grown pneumococci appear to be the consequences of suppressed D,D-carboxypeptidase activity.

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Comparative Characteristics of Determination of Antioxidant Activity of Sea Buckthorn Fruits by Various Methods

Drug development & registration ◽

10.33380/2305-2066-2019-8-4-48-52 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 48-52

Author(s):

O. V. Trineeva

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Material ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Sea Buckthorn ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

Medicinal Plant Material

Introduction. Recently, much attention has been paid to the primary assessment of the pharmacological effect of various drugs using in vivo and in vitro tests. It is known that such a medicinal plant as sea buckthorn, in its phytochemical composition is rich in natural antioxidants: carotenoids, tocopherols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, etc. In some publications there is information about the antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn and fatty oil based on them. However, information on the comparative characteristics of the use of various methods for determining the antioxidant activity of this type of medicinal plant material and the results obtained are not found in the scientific literature.Aim. The aim of this work was a comparative determination of the antioxidant activity of medicinal plant material of buckthorn fruits of various species of buckthorn.Materials and methods. The total antioxidant activity of water and water-alcohol extracts from the fruits of sea buckthorn fruits was determined using various techniques recommended in the literature. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by permanganometric titration, in vitro inhibition of adrenaline autooxidation, and also in a biological model, Parametium caudatum cell culture.Results and discussion. The effect of the extractant polarity on the value of antioxidant activity was studied. It was found that the highest content of antioxidants in the extraction is observed when using 96 % ethanol as an extractant.Conclusion. Using three methods, the prospects of using sea buckthorn fruits and preparations based on them as a source of antioxidants are shown.

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CHARACTERIZATION OF MOLLUSCICIDAL COMPONENT OF Moringa oleifera LEAF AND Momordica charantia FRUITS AND THEIR MODES OF ACTION IN SNAIL Lymnaea acuminata

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652013000400006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 251-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aparna Upadhyay ◽

Vinay K. Singh ◽

Dinesh K. Singh

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Chromatography Analysis ◽

Leaf Powder ◽

Fruit Powder ◽

Lymnaea Acuminata ◽

Molluscicidal Activity

SUMMARY The molluscicidal activity of the leaf powder of Moringa oleifera and lyophilized fruit powder of Momordica charantia against the snail Lymnaea acuminata was time and concentration dependent. M. oleifera leaf powder (96 h LC50: 197.59 ppm) was more toxic than M. charantia lyophilized fruit powder (96 h LC50: 318.29 ppm). The ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera leaf powder and Momordica charantia lyophilized fruit powder were more toxic than other organic solvent extracts. The 96 h LC50 of the column purified fraction of M. oleifera leaf powder was 22.52 ppm, while that of M. charantia lyophilized fruit powder was 6.21 ppm. Column, thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography analysis show that the active molluscicidal components in M. oleifera leaf powder and lyophilized fruit of M. charantia are benzylamine (96 h LC50: 2.3 ppm) and momordicine (96 h LC50: 1.2 ppm), respectively. Benzylamine and momordicine significantly inhibited, in vivo and in vitro, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP/ALP) activities in the nervous tissues of L. acuminata. Inhibition of AChE, ACP and ALP activity in the nervous tissues of L. acuminata by benzylamine and momordicine may be responsible for the molluscicidal activity of M. oleifera and M. charantia fruits, respectively.

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Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Mango Peel Liqueurs (Mangifera indica L.) Produced by Different Methods of Maceration

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8040102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 102 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Emanuela Monteiro Coelho ◽

Marcelo Eduardo Alves Olinda de Souza ◽

Luiz Claudio Corrêa ◽

Arão Cardoso Viana ◽

Luciana Cavalcanti de Azevêdo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

High Performance ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Epicatechin Gallate ◽

Bioactive Content ◽

Mango Peels

The present work had the objective of producing liqueurs from mango peels (varieties “Haden” and “Tommy Atkins”) by processes of alcoholic maceration and maceration with pectinase, as well as to evaluate bioactive compounds by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and fluorescence-detection (RP-HPLC/DAD/FD) and in vitro antioxidant activity (AOX), for by-product potential reuse. Alcoholic maceration in wine ethanol (65% v/v) produced liqueurs with higher phytochemical and AOX content. Maceration with pectinase resulted in liqueurs with higher quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside content. In relation to mango varieties, Haden liqueurs presented higher bioactive content than Tommy Atkins liqueurs. The liqueurs presented high antioxidant activity. The main bioactive compounds found were flavanols (epicatechin-gallate, epigallocatechin-gallate), flavonols (quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside and rutin), and phenolic acids (gallic acid, o-coumaric acid, and syringic acid). The present study showed that the production of liqueur enabled the recovering of an important part of the bioactive content of mango peels, suggesting an alternative for the recovery of antioxidant substances from this by-product.

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Antioxidant Activity of Pine Bark Constituents

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2003-5-611 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 58 (5-6) ◽

pp. 351-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ammar Saleem ◽

Henri Kivelä

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Plant Material ◽

Protocatechuic Acid ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Inhibition Assay ◽

Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽

Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

AbstractA modified in vitro lipid peroxidation inhibition assay was used to guide the fractionation and the isolation of antioxidative principles of Finnish pine bark extract. This approach yielded 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (protocatechuic acid) and taxifolin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside as major antioxidative compounds from the plant material. The structural elucidation of these compounds was undertaken with the help of HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS analyses. Their IC50 values, in comparison to trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), were: trolox (1.78 ± 0.56 μm) < protocatechuic acid (5.77 ± 1.63 μm) < taxifolin-3- O-β-glucopyranoside (16.30 ± 1.98 μm). The method for the determination of antioxidant activity proved reproducible and quick for routine analyses with 96 well plates.

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Voxelotor Treatment Interferes With Quantitative and Qualitative Hemoglobin Variant Analysis in Multiple Sickle Cell Disease Genotypes

American Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1093/ajcp/aqaa067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 154 (5) ◽

pp. 627-634

Author(s):

Nicola J Rutherford-Parker ◽

Sean T Campbell ◽

Jennifer M Colby ◽

Zahra Shajani-Yi

Keyword(s):

Sickle Cell Disease ◽

Sickle Cell ◽

High Performance ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

The United States ◽

Cell Disease ◽

Hemoglobin Variant ◽

Hbd Punjab ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives Voxelotor was recently approved for use in the United States as a treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD) and has been shown to interfere with the quantitation of hemoglobin (Hb) S percentage. This study aimed to determine the effect of voxelotor on the quantitation of hemoglobin variant levels in patients with multiple SCD genotypes. Methods In vitro experiments were performed to assess the impact of voxelotor treatment on hemoglobin variant testing. Whole blood samples were incubated with voxelotor and then analyzed by routinely used quantitative and qualitative clinical laboratory methods (high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC], capillary zone electrophoresis [CZE], and acid and alkaline electrophoresis). Results Voxelotor modified the α-globin chain of multiple hemoglobins, including HbA, HbS, HbC, HbD-Punjab, HbE, HbA2, and HbF. These voxelotor-hemoglobin complexes prevented accurate quantitation of multiple hemoglobin species, including HbS, by HPLC and CZE. Conclusions Technical limitations in quantifying HbS percentage may preclude the use of HPLC or CZE for monitoring patients treated with voxelotor. Furthermore, it is unclear whether HbS-voxelotor complexes are clinically equivalent to HbS. Consensus guidelines for reporting hemoglobin variant percentages for patients taking voxelotor are needed, as these values are necessary for determining the number of RBC units to exchange in acute situations.

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Extraction, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity in vitro of Proteins from Semen Allii Fistulosi

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23123235 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 3235

Author(s):

Min Zuo ◽

Xiao-xiao Liu ◽

Di Liu ◽

Hang-yun Zhao ◽

Lu-lu Xuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Orthogonal Design ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Raw Material ◽

Extraction Solvent ◽

Sds Page

Semen Allii Fistulosi (PSAF) is the seed of Allium fistulosum L. of the Liliaceae family. The purpose of this study was to extract, characterize, and evaluate the antioxidant activity in vitro of proteins. Using single factor and orthogonal design, the optimum conditions of extraction were determined to be as follows: extraction time 150 min, pH 8.5, temperature 60 °C, and ratio (v/w, mL/g) of extraction solvent to raw material 35. The isoelectric point of the pH was determined to be about 4.4 and 10.2, by measuring the protein content of PSAF solutions at different pH values. The amino acid composition of PSAF was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the results suggested that the species of amino acids contained in the PSAF was complete. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) analysis showed the molecular weight was mainly between 40 and 55 kDa, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterized prevalent protein absorption peaks. PSAF exhibited potent scavenging activities against DPPH assays, via targeting of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, while chelating Fe2+ activity and demonstrating weak reducing power. This work revealed that PSAF possessed potential antioxidant activity in vitro, suggesting potential for use of PSAF as a natural antioxidant.

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Anthocyanins in Blueberries Grown in Hot Climate Exert Strong Antioxidant Activity and May Be Effective against Urinary Tract Bacteria

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9060478 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 478 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana B. Cerezo ◽

Giorgiana M. Cătunescu ◽

Mercedes Martínez-Pais González ◽

Ruth Hornedo-Ortega ◽

Carmen R. Pop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

High Performance ◽

Hot Climate ◽

Total Anthocyanins ◽

Providencia Stuartii ◽

Bioactive Potential ◽

Tract Infections

Anthocyanins are extensively studied for their health-related properties, including antibacterial activity against urinary tract infections (UTI). Among common fruits, blueberries, with their remarkable antioxidant capacity, are one of the richest sources. Anthocyanin-rich extracts were obtained from four varieties: Snowchaser, Star, Stella Blue and Cristina Blue, grown in the hot climate of Southern Spain. Their total anthocyanins contents (TAC) were determined spectrophotometrically, and the anthocyanin profile by ultra high performance liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS/MS). Their antioxidant activity was assessed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, while antibacterial activity against strains isolated from UTI patients was assessed in vitro, helping to select the varieties with the highest bioactive potential. Star showed the highest TAC and antioxidant activity (1663 ± 159 mg of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cy-3-O-glu) equivalents/100 g fresh weight (FW), 6345 ± 601 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE)/100 g FW, respectively), followed by Cristina Blue, Stella Blue and Snowchaser. As far as we know, this is the first time that cyanidin-3-rutinoside has been identified in blueberries. The extracts inhibited all the tested strains, MICs ranging from 0.4 mg/mL (for Stella Blue extract against UTI P. aeruginosa) to 9.5 mg/mL (for all extracts against UTI K. pneumoniae ssp. pneumoniae). This is the first study that assessed in vitro the antibacterial activity of blueberries against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia stuartii and Micrococcus spp. strains isolated from UTI.

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The Nutritional Value of Non-Traditional Gluten-Free Flakes and Their Antioxidant Activity

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8110565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 565

Author(s):

Kristýna Šťastná ◽

Martina Mrázková ◽

Daniela Sumczynski ◽

Betül Cındık ◽

Erkan Yalçın

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Chenopodium Quinoa ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Eragrostis Tef ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic Antioxidants ◽

In Vitro Digestibility

Nowadays, there is a growing interest for foods with a lower sugar content and rich in fiber and biologically active substances. The main purpose of this study was to prepare flakes from non-traditional pigmented cereals (Oryza sativa, Chenopodium quinoa, and Eragrostis tef) and to analyze their fibre, sugar, and in vitro digestibility values. Regarding phenolic antioxidants (soluble, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound fractions), their content and antioxidant activity were measured using spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. Hydrothermally treated grains resulted in flakes with higher total dietary fibre contents (11.1–24.4%), quinoa and teff flakes were rich in maltose (up to 42.0 mg/g). Non-traditional flakes had lower in vitro digestibility, but conversely, they exhibited the highest phenolic contents corresponding with the highest antioxidant activity values (up to 2.33 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g of total phenolic content and 1.59 mg Trolox equivalent/g for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in case of brown teff). Among free phenolics, the main contributors to an antioxidant activity were p-coumaric, o-coumaric, and gallic acids (r > 0.8186); among the soluble conjugated fractions, they were epigallocatechin, epicatechin, caffeic, and vanillic acids (r > 0.5935); while caffeic, protocatechuic, and ferulic acids (r > 0.5751) were the main contributors among the insoluble bound phenolics.

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