Influence of Ellagitannins Extracted by Pomegranate Fruit on Disulfide Isomerase PDIA3 Activity

Pomegranate fruit is a functional food of high interest for human health due to its wide range of phytochemicals with antioxidant properties are implicated in the prevention of inflammation and cancer. Ellagitannins, such as punicalagin and ellagic acid, play a role as anti-atherogenic and neuroprotective molecules in the complex fighting against the degenerative diseases. The aim of this work was to evaluate the composition in punicalagins and ellagic acid of differently obtained extracts from whole fruit, peels and juices, prepared by squeezing or by centrifugation, of pomegranate belonging to different cultivars. Moreover, a wider phenolic fingerprint was also determined. The bioactivity of the extracts was tested on the redox activity of PDIA3 disulfide isomerase, an enzyme involved in the regulation of several cellular functions and associated with different diseases such as cancer, prion disorders, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The results demonstrate that the different ratios between punicalagin and ellagic acid modulate the enzyme activity and other ellagitannins could interfere with this activity.

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Pomegranate, fruit of the desert, a functional food, and a healthy diet

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb13311085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 11085

Author(s):

Mohamad H. SHAHRAJABIAN ◽

Wenli SUN ◽

Qi CHENG

Keyword(s):

Functional Food ◽

Cultural Beliefs ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Pomegranate Juice ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Family ◽

Pomegranate Fruit ◽

Chemical Contents

Traditional medicinal plants contain various ranges of chemical contents and they have become popular because of effectiveness, frequently inadequate provision of modern medicine, preferences and cultural beliefs. Pomegranate belongs to the family of Punicaceae, and its various pharmacological activities are due to presence of wide range of bioactive compounds. The current searching was done by the keywords in main indexing systems including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Institute for Scientific Web of Science as well as the search engine of Google Scholar. The keywords were traditional medicine, health benefits, pharmaceutical science, pomegranate, punicalin, punicalagin, and ellagitannins. Major polyphenols in peel and juice of pomegranate are flavonoids such as flavonols (catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin), condensed tannins, phenolic acids such as gallic, ellagic and caffeic, hyrolysable tannins such as ellagitannins and gallotannins. The main organic acids in pomegranate juice are malic and citric, and in seed is fatty acids (punicic). The major alkaloids and lignans in peel are punigratane and isolariciresinol, respectively. Pomegranate fruit has been proven to act against various diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, AIDS, Alzheimer’s disease, male infertility, inflammation, coronary heart disease, and aging. The review summarizes the beneficial impacts of pomegranate which is recommended for consumption. Pomegranate is a high potential natural functional food due to its high pharmacological activities as an ancient efficacious natural drug.

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Isobornylchalcones as Scaffold for the Synthesis of Diarylpyrazolines with Antioxidant Activity

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26123579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 3579

Author(s):

Svetlana A. Popova ◽

Evgenia V. Pavlova ◽

Oksana G. Shevchenko ◽

Irina Yu. Chukicheva ◽

Aleksandr V. Kutchin

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

High Reactivity ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Brain Lipids ◽

Wide Range ◽

Privileged Structure ◽

Vitro Model

The pyrazoline ring is defined as a “privileged structure” in medicinal chemistry. A variety of pharmacological properties of pyrazolines is associated with the nature and position of various substituents, which is especially evident in diarylpyrazolines. Compounds with a chalcone fragment show a wide range of biological properties as well as high reactivity which is primarily due to the presence of an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system. At the same time, bicyclic monoterpenoids deserve special attention as a source of a key structural block or as one of the pharmacophore components of biologically active molecules. A series of new diarylpyrazoline derivatives based on isobornylchalcones with different substitutes (MeO, Hal, NO2, N(Me)2) was synthesized. Antioxidant properties of the obtained compounds were comparatively evaluated using in vitro model Fe2+/ascorbate-initiated lipid peroxidation in the substrate containing brain lipids of laboratory mice. It was demonstrated that the combination of the electron-donating group in the para-position of ring B and OH-group in the ring A in the structure of chalcone fragment provides significant antioxidant activity of synthesized diarylpyrazoline derivatives.

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Current Trends in Enrichment of Wheat Pasta: Quality, Nutritional Value and Antioxidant Properties

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9081280 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1280

Author(s):

Dariusz Dziki

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Functional Food ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Cooking Quality ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Simple Formulation ◽

Cereal Products ◽

Current Trends

Wheat pasta is one of the most important cereal products and is becoming increasingly popular worldwide because of its convenience, simple formulation, long shelf life, and high energetic value. Wheat pasta is usually obtained from refined flour rich in carbohydrates but with low content of phytochemicals, micronutrients, and fibre. The increased demand of consumers for healthy foods has generated interest among both researchers and food producers in developing functional food products. This review showcases the current trends in pasta fortification. Changes in the nutritional value, cooking quality, sensory attributes, and antioxidant properties of durum and common wheat pasta enriched with both plant and animal raw materials are discussed.

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The Use of a Micro Near Infrared Portable Instrument to Predict Bioactive Compounds in a Wild Harvested Fruit—Kakadu Plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana)

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21041413 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 1413

Author(s):

Eshetu Bobasa ◽

Anh Dao T. Phan ◽

Michael Netzel ◽

Heather E. Smyth ◽

Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Ellagic Acid ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Wide Range ◽

Fruit Samples ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Analytical Quantification ◽

Kakadu Plum ◽

Terminalia Ferdinandiana

Kakadu plum (KP; Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell, Combretaceae) is an emergent indigenous fruit originating from Northern Australia, with valuable health and nutritional characteristics and properties (e.g., high levels of vitamin C and ellagic acid). In recent years, the utilization of handheld NIR instruments has allowed for the in situ quantification of a wide range of bioactive compounds in fruit and vegetables. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of a handheld NIR spectrophotometer to measure vitamin C and ellagic acid in wild harvested KP fruit samples. Whole and pureed fruit samples were collected from two locations in the Kimberley region (Western Australia, Australia) and were analysed using both reference and NIR methods. The standard error in cross validation (SECV) and the residual predictive deviation (RPD) values were 1.81% dry matter (DM) with an RPD of 2.1, and 3.8 mg g−1 DM with an RPD of 1.9 for the prediction of vitamin C and ellagic acid, respectively, in whole KP fruit. The SECV and RPD values were 1.73% DM with an RPD of 2.2, and 5.6 mg g−1 DM with an RPD of 1.3 for the prediction of vitamin C and ellagic acid, respectively, in powdered KP samples. The results of this study demonstrated the ability of a handheld NIR instrument to predict vitamin C and ellagic acid in whole and pureed KP fruit samples. Although the RPD values obtained were not considered adequate to quantify these bioactive compounds (e.g., analytical quantification), this technique can be used as a rapid tool to screen vitamin C in KP fruit samples for high and low quality vitamin C.

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Antimicrobial Nodule-Specific Cysteine-Rich Peptides Induce Membrane Depolarization-Associated Changes in the Transcriptome of Sinorhizobium meliloti

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01791-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (21) ◽

pp. 6737-6746 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Hilda Tiricz ◽

Attila Szűcs ◽

Attila Farkas ◽

Bernadett Pap ◽

Rui M. Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Responses ◽

Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Content Type ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Peptide Family ◽

Wide Range ◽

Natural Target

ABSTRACTLeguminous plants establish symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing alpha- and betaproteobacteria, collectively called rhizobia, which provide combined nitrogen to support plant growth. Members of the inverted repeat-lacking clade of legumes impose terminal differentiation on their endosymbiotic bacterium partners with the help of the nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) peptide family composed of close to 600 members. Among the few tested NCR peptides, cationic ones had antirhizobial activity measured by reduction or elimination of the CFU and uptake of the membrane-impermeable dye propidium iodide. Here, the antimicrobial spectrum of two of these peptides, NCR247 and NCR335, was investigated, and their effect on the transcriptome of the natural targetSinorhizobium melilotiwas characterized. Both peptides were able to kill quickly a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria; however, their spectra were only partially overlapping, and differences were found also in their efficacy on given strains, indicating that the actions of NCR247 and NCR335 might be similar though not identical. Treatment ofS. meliloticultures with either peptide resulted in a quick downregulation of genes involved in basic cellular functions, such as transcription-translation and energy production, as well as upregulation of genes involved in stress and oxidative stress responses and membrane transport. Similar changes provoked mainly in Gram-positive bacteria by antimicrobial agents were coupled with the destruction of membrane potential, indicating that it might also be a common step in the bactericidal actions of NCR247 and NCR335.

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The AAA+ ATPase p97, a cellular multitool

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bcj20160783 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 474 (17) ◽

pp. 2953-2976 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Lasse Stach ◽

Paul S. Freemont

Keyword(s):

Atp Hydrolysis ◽

Current Status ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Aaa Atpase ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Proteotoxic Stress ◽

Binding Domains ◽

Wide Range ◽

Aaa Atpases ◽

Substrate Proteins

The AAA+ (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) ATPase p97 is essential to a wide range of cellular functions, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, membrane fusion, NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) activation and chromatin-associated processes, which are regulated by ubiquitination. p97 acts downstream from ubiquitin signaling events and utilizes the energy from ATP hydrolysis to extract its substrate proteins from cellular structures or multiprotein complexes. A multitude of p97 cofactors have evolved which are essential to p97 function. Ubiquitin-interacting domains and p97-binding domains combine to form bi-functional cofactors, whose complexes with p97 enable the enzyme to interact with a wide range of ubiquitinated substrates. A set of mutations in p97 have been shown to cause the multisystem proteinopathy inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget's disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia. In addition, p97 inhibition has been identified as a promising approach to provoke proteotoxic stress in tumors. In this review, we will describe the cellular processes governed by p97, how the cofactors interact with both p97 and its ubiquitinated substrates, p97 enzymology and the current status in developing p97 inhibitors for cancer therapy.

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Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties and Aromatic Profile During Maturation of The Blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) and The Bilberry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz)

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín ◽

10.15446/rfnam.v67n1.42649 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 7209-7218 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Luisa Juana Bernal ◽

Laura Angélica Melo ◽

Consuelo Díaz Moreno

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Degenerative Diseases ◽

Natural Sources ◽

Three Stages ◽

Preventive Role

The blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) and the bilberry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) are natural sources of antioxidants; they are known for their preventive role against degenerative diseases. In this study, the aromatic profile was evaluated using an electronic nose, including the antioxidant properties and the vitamin C, phenolic and anthocyanin contents during three stages of blackberry and bilberry ripening. A completely random statistical design was followed and the results presented differences in the aromatic profile: a higher anthocyanin content (1.59 mg of cyn-3-glu g-1 in the bilberry and 0.26 mg of cyn-3-glu g-1 in the blackberry) and total phenols (5.57 mg of caffeic acid g-1 bilberry and 2.68 mg caffeic acid g-1 blackberry). The behavior of the evaluated properties was independent in each of the fruits.

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Solid-state studies and antioxidant properties of the γ-cyclodextrin·fisetin inclusion compound

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry ◽

10.3762/bjoc.13.212 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 2138-2145 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joana M Pais ◽

Maria João Barroca ◽

Maria Paula M Marques ◽

Filipe A Almeida Paz ◽

Susana S Braga

Keyword(s):

Inclusion Compound ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Physicochemical Analysis ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Solid Inclusion ◽

Human Consumption ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Wide Range ◽

Soluble Solid ◽

Cp Mas Nmr

Fisetin is a natural antioxidant with a wide range of nutraceutical properties, including antidiabetic, neuroprotecting, and suppression or prevention of tumors. The present work describes the preparation of a water-soluble, solid inclusion compound of fisetin with gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD), a cyclic oligosaccharide approved for human consumption. A detailed physicochemical analysis of the product is carried out using elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman, infrared and 13C{1H} CP-MAS NMR spectroscopies, and thermal analysis (TGA) to verify fisetin inclusion and to present a hypothetical structural arrangement for the host–guest units. The antioxidant activity of the γ-CD·fisetin inclusion compound is evaluated by the DPPH assay.

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOME GALACTOPOIETICS HERBS USED IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i12.14964 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 236 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ade Chandra Iwansyah ◽

Rizal M. Damanik ◽

Lilik Kustiyah ◽

Muhammad Hanafi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Wide Range ◽

Phenolics Content

Objective: The objectives of this research were to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity; phenolics and flavonoids contents; and chemical composition of some galactopoietic herbs used in Indonesia and to find a possible relationship between antioxidant activity; phenolics, flavonoids and chemical composition of these plants.Methods: A wide range of analytical parameters was studied, including yield; pH; water activity (aw); total color difference; phenolics and flavonoids content; moisture; ash; protein; fat; carbohydrate; fiber; calcium; zinc; magnesium; potassium; iron content; and the data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and classification of the plants. Folin–cioceltaeu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH scavenging assay were used to evaluate of total phenolics content and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract of galactopoietic herbs.Results: All of the galactagogue herbs, viz. Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) (PA), Sauropus androgynus (SA), Moringa oleifera (MO), and Carica papaya leaves (CP) exhibited good results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity. MO contained the highest average of total phenolics content (53.89 mg GAE/g). SA with a ratio of total flavonoids to total phenolics (TF/TP) which is 1.59 contained the highest average of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity (IC50), 43.63 mg QE/g and 126.13 μg/ml, respectively, followed by MO>CA>PA. Based on PLS and PCA analysis, antioxidant activity correlated with fat, protein, phenolics content, flavonoids content and pH, but only the total flavonoids content correlated strongly with antioxidant activity.Conclusion: This provides useful data about the studied relationships and chemical patterns in some galactopoietic herbs used and provides a helpful tool for understanding much more about the interpretation of results from the experiments and the mechanism of biosynthesis in plants.

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Mitoprotective Effects of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.: Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Opportunities in Neurodegenerative Disease

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.687935 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jia Hui Wong ◽

Anna M. Barron ◽

Jafri Malin Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Neurodegenerative Disease ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Brain Aging ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Centella Asiatica ◽

Asiatic Acid ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Natural products remain a crucial source of drug discovery for accessible and affordable solutions for healthy aging. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (CA) is an important medicinal plant with a wide range of ethnomedicinal uses. Past in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the plant extract and its key components, such as asiatic acid, asiaticoside, madecassic acid and madecassoside, exhibit a range of anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cognitive benefits mechanistically linked to mitoprotective and antioxidant properties of the plant. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key drivers of aging and neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Here we appraise the growing body of evidence that the mitoprotective and antioxidative effects of CA may potentially be harnessed for the treatment of brain aging and neurodegenerative disease.

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