Hypnotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum PS150TM on Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep in Mice

The bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system appears to be functionally linked to the intestinal microbiome, namely the microbiome–gut–brain axis (MGBA). Probiotics with health benefits on psychiatric or neurological illnesses are generally called psychobiotics, and some of them may also be able to improve sleep by targeting the MGBA. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a psychobiotic strain, Lactobacillus fermentum PS150TM (PS150TM), on sleep improvement by using a pentobarbital-induced sleep mouse model. Compared with the vehicle control group, the oral administration of PS150TM, but not the other L. fermentum strains, significantly decreased the sleep latency and increased the sleep duration of mice, suggesting strain-specific sleep-improving effects of PS150TM. Moreover, the ingestion of diphenhydramine, an antihistamine used to treat insomnia, as a drug control group, only increased the sleep duration of mice. We also found that the sleep-improving effects of PS150TM are time- and dose-dependent. Furthermore, the oral administration of PS150TM could attenuate a caffeine-induced sleep disturbance in mice, and PS150TM appeared to increase the expression of the gene encoding the adenosine 1 receptor in the hypothalamus of mice, as assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Taken together, our results present a potential application of PS150TM as a dietary supplement for sleep improvement.

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Effect of the oral administration of monosodium glutamate during pregnancy and breast-feeding in the offspring of pregnant Wistar rats

Acta Cirurgica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-86502010000100010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vinicius von Diemen ◽

Manoel Roberto Maciel Trindade

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Monosodium Glutamate ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Dependent Relation ◽

Dose Dependent

PURPOSE: Determine the effects of the MSG (monosodium glutamate) in the offspring of pregnant rats through the comparison of the weight, NAL (nasal-anal length) and IL (Index of Lee) at birth and with 21 days of life. METHODS: Pregnant Wistar rats and their offspring were divided into 3 groups: GC, G10 and G20. Each of the groups received 0%, 10% and 20% of MSG, respectively from coupling until the end of the weaning period. RESULTS: Neither weight nor NAL were different among the groups at birth. The group G20 at birth had an IL lower than the group GC (p<0,05) and with 21 days of life presented weight and NAL lower than the groups G10 and this lower than the GC (p<0,01). Otherwise the G20 at 21 days of life had the IL similar to the other two groups. The weight profit percentage from birth to the 21st day of life was lower in the G20 regarding the other two groups (p<0,01). The G20 had a NAL increase percentage from birth to the 21st day of life lower than the G10 and this lower than the GC (p<0,01). CONCLUSIONS: MSG presented a dose-dependent relation in the variables weight and NAL. It caused a decrease in the growth pattern as well as in the weight gain pattern until the 21st day of life. The IL of the group 20% had an increased in relation to the control group after 3 weeks of follow up.

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NEUROTOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE OF 5-НТ2А-ANTAGONIST OF IMIDAZOBENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE

Токсикологический вестник ◽

10.36946/0869-7922-2019-1-23-28 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

A. A. Spasov ◽

D. S. Yakovlev ◽

D. V. Maltsev ◽

M. V. Miroshnikov ◽

K. T. Sultanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Effective Dose ◽

Control Group ◽

Compound I ◽

Toxic Dose ◽

Test Parameters ◽

Dependent Activity ◽

High Doses ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Average Effective Dose

Thearticlepresentstheresultsofastudyoftheneurotoxicologicalprofileofanew5-HT2A-antagonist(compoundI) using the method of multi-test observation by «S. Irwin». The test parameters were evaluated in parallel groups, receiving the compound in doses beginning with the average effective dose (ED50) and with a multiple increase of 2, 5, 7.5 and 10 times.The study revealed that the neurotoxicological properties of compound I are characterized by dose-dependent activity. It has been shown that neurotoxicological changes in the behavior of the animals did not occur with the administration of compound I at average effective dose of 10 mg / kg and doses, exceeding the effective by 2 and 5 times; the animals welfare corresponds to that of the control group. The most significant effects by the administration of the studied compound developed in high doses, exceeding the effective by 7.5 and 10 times. The limits of the minimum toxic dose (TDmin) for compound I by oral administration has been found to be 50 mg / kg <TDmin≤75 mg / kg.

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Effects of Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia on the Intestinal Microbiome in Mice

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fcimb.2021.633527 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Ci Han ◽

Zhaodi Zhang ◽

Nana Guo ◽

Xueting Li ◽

Mengyuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Control Group ◽

Inhalation Anesthesia ◽

Microbiome Diversity ◽

Changing Trend ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Specific Manifestation ◽

Almost All ◽

The Brain ◽

Experimental Group

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to intestinal microbiome. Almost all operations will go through the anesthesia process, but it is not clear whether the intervention of anesthesia alone will affect the change in the intestinal microbiome. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia on the intestinal microbiome. The animal in the experimental group was used to provide sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia for 4 hours. The control group was not intervened. The feces of the experimental group and the control group were collected on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after anesthesia. Sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia will cause changes in the intestinal microbiome of mice. It appears on the 1st day after anesthesia and is most obvious on the 7th day. The specific manifestation is that the abundance of microbiome and the diversity of the microbiome is reduced. At the same time, Untargeted metabonomics showed that compared with the control group, the experimental group had more increased metabolites related to the different microbiome, among which 5-methylthioadenosine was related to the central nervous system. Subsequently, the intestinal microbiome diversity of mice showed a trend of recovery on the 14th day. At the genus level, the fecal samples obtained on the 14th day after anesthesia exhibited significantly increased abundances of Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, and Akkermansia and significantly decreased abundances of Lactobacillus compared with the samples obtained on the 1st day after anesthesia. However, the abundance of differential bacteria did not recover with the changing trend of diversity. Therefore, we believe that sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia is associated with changes in the internal microbiome and metabolites, and this change may be completed through the brain-gut axis, while sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia may change the intestinal microbiome for as long as 14 days or longer.

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Oral Administration of Nanopeptide CMCS-20H Conspicuously Boosts Immunity and Precautionary Effect Against Bacterial Infection in Fish

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.811616 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Xingchen Huo ◽

Zhensheng Wang ◽

Xun Xiao ◽

Chunrong Yang ◽

Jianguo Su

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Bacterial Infection ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Head Kidney ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Complement C3 ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Control Group

Massive mortalities caused by bacterial infections in intensive aquaculture result in serious economic losses. In this study, a novel antimicrobial peptide gcIFN-20H was efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris (GS115) and loaded on carboxylmethyl chitosan (CMCS) to prepare CMCS-20H nanoparticles. Through physical characterization assays (TEM, DLS, BCA, and Raman) and biological activity tests (antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity), CMCS-20H nanopeptide was verified to be spherical nanoparticles with sustained release, antimicrobial activity, and negligible toxicity. CMCS-20H nanoparticles are more resistant to intestinal degradation than unloaded gcIFN-20H by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Oral administration was then carried out for 42 days. Complement C3 content, lysozyme, and total superoxide dismutase activities are highest in CMCS-20H group by serum biochemistry index assays. After challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila, the survival rate in CMCS-20H group is highest (46%), which is 64% higher than the control group (28%). Meanwhile, the tissue bacterial loads (intestine, spleen, head kidney, trunk kidney, hepatopancreas, muscle, and blood) in the CMCS-20H group are significantly lower than other groups. By PAS staining analysis, the number of intestinal villi goblet cells and the thickness of mucin in the CMCS-20H group obviously increased. CMCS-20H effectively enhances mRNA expressions of some important immune genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-2, IFN-γ2, and IgM). The minimal tissue lesions (Intestine, spleen, and trunk kidney) were seen in the CMCS-20H group by histopathological examination. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that oral CMCS-20H maintains the intestinal microbiome homeostasis in bacterial infection. The results indicate that the novel nanopeptide CMCS-20H as the immunopotentiator can remarkably boost fish immunity and precautionary effect by oral administration and address the theoretical mechanisms and insights into the promising application prospect in aquaculture.

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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Affects mRNA and miRNA Expression of the Appetite Regulating Centre in the Sheep Arcuate Nucleus

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2020-0015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 853-869

Author(s):

Bartosz Jarosław Przybył ◽

Michał Szlis ◽

Anna Wójcik-Gładysz

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Mirna Expression ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Control Group ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Locke Solution ◽

Peptide Gene ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Infusion Scheme

AbstractThe neuromodulatory effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on appetite regulation centre peptide gene activity in the sheep hypothalamus have not been examined yet. The aim of this study was to determine whether BDNF participates in modulation of neuropeptide Y (npy), agouti-related peptide (agrp), cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (cart), and proopiomelanocortin (pomc) mRNA expression and selected microRNAs in the sheep hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) nucleus. Animals (Polish Merino sheep, n=24) were divided into three groups. The control group received a central infusion of Ringer-Locke solution (480 µl/day) whereas the experimental groups were treated with BDNF in two doses: 10 or 60 μg/480 µl/day. All sheep received four intracerebroventricular infusions (performed from 08:40 a.m. to 01:30 p.m.; infusion scheme: 4 x 50 min infusions with 30 min intervals between them) on each of three consecutive days. Immediately after the last infusion, the sheep were slaughtered, and selected structures of the hypothalamus were frozen for further real-time qPCR analysis. Central infusion of BDNF evoked dose-dependent changes in npy, agrp, cart, pomc and peptidylglicine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (pam) mRNA expression in the sheep ARC nucleus. An increase in npy, agrp and pomc mRNA expression but also a decrease in cart mRNA expression in the ARC nucleus were detected. Moreover, a decrease in pam (gene encoding an enzyme that converts POMC into α-MSH) mRNA expression, was also noted. Furthermore, after central BDNF administration, changes in miRNA-33a-5p, miRNA-33b-5p, miRNA-377-3p, miRNA-214-3p, miRNA-485 and miRNA-488 expression were observed. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that BDNF may affect the appetite regulating centre activity through modulation of npy, agrp, cart, pomc and pam mRNA expression in the ARC nucleus. It was also revealed that BDNF modulates miRNA expression in the sheep ARC nucleus.

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USING CRYOPRESERVED SPERM FOR CREATING STERLET BROOD STOCK

VESTNIK OF ASTRAKHAN STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY SERIES FISHING INDUSTRY ◽

10.24143/2073-5529-2017-4-118-127 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 118-127

Author(s):

Elena Nikolaevna Ponomareva ◽

Maria Mikhailovna Belaya ◽

Alexandra Andrianovna Krasilnikova ◽

Alexander Nickolaevich Nevalennyy

Keyword(s):

Liquid Nitrogen ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Brood Stock ◽

Active Response ◽

Acipenser Ruthenus ◽

Rostov Region ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Cryopreserved Sperm ◽

Sturgeon Fish

The research on the sterlet roe artificial insemination using cryopreserved sperm was carried out in the research base of the RAS Southern Scientific Centre (the Rostov region). Reproductive cells (including cryopreserved cells), larvae, sterlet fry ( Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758) were taken as an object of research. A half of the roe (1.7 kg) taken from female starlet was inseminated by native sperm (control group); another half was inseminated by defrosted sperm of two males, which was stored in liquid nitrogen at -196ºC during 3 years (pilot group). Incubation lasted 5 days at water temperature 14.5-18.2ºC, with daily fluctuations of temperature 1.9ºC. Roe insemination in the control group made 90%, in the pilot group - 70%. Roe embryonic growth in the control group was faster, but embryogenesis duration in the pilot group met the standard time limits. Hatching prolarvae in the control group started one hour earlier, than in the pilot group; it made 75% and 60% of all incubated roe, correspondingly. Waste during the period of larvae maturing before they pass to mixed feeding was negligible - 2% in the control group and 3.4% in the pilot group. According to the test results, "open field" of reactivity of the central nervous system in the pilot group fry didn’t change from the control group fry, but more active response to stimuli was noted in the pilot group, which is very important for fry adaptation to the conditions in natural water basins. It was established that sterlet offspring obtained with use of defrosted sexual cells does not differ from the offspring obtained using native sperm and has higher morphometric characteristics. The test results prove the possibility and practicability of using sexual cells stored in liquid nitrogen for artificial restoration and formation of sturgeon fish broodstocks.

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Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Tephrosia purpurea extract on Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Reference to Biochemical Parameters

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.10.2.26 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Irfan Aziz ◽

Birendra Shrivastava ◽

Chandana Venkateswara Rao ◽

Sadath Ali

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Marker Enzymes ◽

Tephrosia Purpurea ◽

Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽

Chemically Induced ◽

Ccl4 Treatment ◽

Dose Dependent

Tephrosia purpurea possesses hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by the significant and dose dependent restoring the activities of entire liver cancer marker enzymes, diminution in tumor incidence, decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx and GST) through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidant, which then detoxify free radicals. These factors protect cells from ROS damage in NDEA and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Histopathological observations of liver tissues too correlated with the biochemical observations. Thus, present investigation suggested that the Tephrosia purpurea would exert a chemoprotective effect by reversing the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA and CCl4. Besides Tephrosia purpurea is very much effective in preventing NDEA-induced multistage hepatocarcinogenesis possibly through antioxidant and antigenotoxic nature, which was confirmed by various liver injury and biochemical tumour markers enzymes. The hepatoprotective activity of aTephrosia purpurea of 50 % ethanolic extract was studied using rats. The animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine 200mg/kg body wt followed by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 in a dose of 3 ml/kg body wt.Tephrosia purpureaextract dose dependently and significantly the increase in serum hepatic enzyme levels after NDEAand CCl4 treatment compared to the toxin control group. The results of this study confirmed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the Tephrosia purpurea extract against carbon tetrachlorideand N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

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PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOME SALTS 2-AMINOETHANESULFONIC ACID IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF DEGENERATIVE SPINAL CORD INJURY

Bulletin Biomedicine and sociology ◽

10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2020-5-3-41-47 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Semeleva E.V. ◽

Blinova E.V. ◽

Zaborovsky A.V. ◽

Vasilkina O.V. ◽

Shukurov A.S.

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Male Rats ◽

Zinc Salt ◽

Control Group ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Cord Injury ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Acid Compound ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

In this work, we studied the pharmacological activity of zinc and magnesium salts of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid in white non-linear male rats with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which was modeled by neurotoxicantsimplication into the pelvic part of spinal cord. After the reproduction of the pathology in animals, the indices of motor activity were recorded in the Rotarod test, and morphological studies of spinal cord sections stained according to Nisl in the Belshovsky modification were carried out. It was shown that the magnesium salt of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (compound LHT-317) to a greater extent reduces the development of motor disorders in experimental animals compared with the control group on the 4th day of observation. The course of intravenous administration of the studied compounds of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid did not inhibit morphological changes in the spinal cord that develop in degenerative-dystrophic pathology of the central nervous system: connections. Moreover, if, against the background of treatment with zinc salt, the total area of motor zones in animals of the experimental group exceeded that of control rats, then the number of motoneurons did not differ from the control.

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An Investigation of the Effects of Curcumin on the Changes in the Central Nervous System of Rats Exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the Prenatal Period

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527317666180315170146 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 132-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehmet Eray Alcigir ◽

Halef Okan Dogan ◽

Begum Yurdakok Dikmen ◽

Kubra Dogan ◽

Sevil Atalay Vural ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Prenatal Period ◽

Aroclor 1254 ◽

Rat Pups ◽

Tunel Reaction ◽

The Central Nervous System

Background & Objective: Aroclor 1254 is a widespread toxic compound of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), which can create significant nervous problems. No remedies have been found to date. The aim of this study was to reveal the damage that occurs in the central nervous system of rat pups exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the prenatal period and to show the inhibiting effect of curcumin, which is a strong anti-oxidant and neuroprotective substance. Method: The study established 3 groups of adult female and male Wistar albino rats. The rats were mated within these groups and the offspring rats were evaluated within the group given Aroclor 1254 only (n=10) and the group was given both Aroclor 1254 and curcumin (n=10) and the control group (n=10). The groups were compared in respect of pathomorphological damage. The immunohistochemical evaluation was made of 8-hydroxdeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynoneal (4HNE), myelin basic protein (MBP) expressions and TUNEL reaction. The biochemical evaluation was made of the changes in the TAS-TOS and Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) levels. Damage was seen to have been reduced with curcumin in the 8OHdG and TUNEL reactions, especially in the forebrain and the midbrain, although the dosage applied did not significantly change TAS and TOS levels. Consequently, it was understood that Aroclor 1254 caused damage in the central nervous system of the pup in the prenatal period, and curcumin reduced these negative effects, particularly in the forebrain and the midbrain. Conclusion: It was concluded that curcumin could be a potential neuroprotective agent and would be more effective at higher doses.

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Relaksasi Benson Untuk Durasi Tidur Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v3i3.2788 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 556

Author(s):

Mulyanti Roberto Muliantino ◽

Tuti Herawati ◽

Masfuri Masfuri

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Self Report ◽

Pharmacological Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Coronary Arterial Disease

Coronary Arterial Disease (CAD) is one of cardiovaskular disease that remain leading cause death and disability. Short sleep duration is the major symptoms in patients with CAD, during recovery period after cardiac events and during cardiac rehabilitation. Benson’s relaxation is one of relaxation as modalities therapy to increase sleep duration, however few studies related to this technique in planned intervention. This study was to measured the effectiveness of Benson’s relaxation in short sleep duration of CAD patients during cardiac rehabilitation. It was a quasi experimental pretest posttest control group design. This study included 29 respondens in Dr.M.Djamil Hospital were assigned to intervention group which receiving Benson’s relaxation technique (n=15) and control group with routine care (n=14). Benson’s relaxation technique was administered for 5 days 2 times a day, each 20 minutes to intervention group. Short sleep duration was measured using sleep diary (self report). The result indicated significant increasing in mean of sleep duration before and after Benson’s relaxation in intervention group (p value < 0,001). The study concluded that Benson’s relaxation technique is an effective non-pharmacological intervention to increase sleep duration in CAD patients. Penyakit jantung koroner menjadi masalah kardiovaskular yang mengakibatkan angka mortalitas yang tinggi. Durasi tidur pendek termasuk salah satu keluhan utama pasien penyakit jantung koroner pada masa recovery setelah serangan dan menjalani rehabilitasi fase 2. Relaksasi Benson merupakan teknik relaksasi sebagai terapi modalitas untuk mengurangi keluhan durasi tidur pendek, namum belum banyak penelitian terkait intervensi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh relaksasi Benson terhadap durasi tidur pasien penyakit jantung koroner yang menjalani rehabilitasi fase 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasi Eksperimen dengan pendekatan control group pretest posttest design pada 29 responden di RSUP. Dr.M.Djamil Padang yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok (kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada perbedaan rerata durasi tidur yang signifikan antara sebelum dan setelah dilakukan intervensi relaksasi Benson pada kelompok intervensi (p value < 0,001). Simpulan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi salah satu terapi modalitas bagi perawat untuk mengatasi masalah durasi tidur pendek pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner.

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