Research on Environmental Influencing Factors of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents in China

This study aimed to explore the impact of environmental factors such as latitude, altitude, family socioeconomic status (SES), and level of urbanization on overweight and obesity (ow/ob) in children and adolescents. The participants comprised 26,120 children and adolescents aged 10–18 from 16 provinces in China. Differences in the prevalence of ow/ob under different environmental conditions were evaluated by the chi-square test. The influence of various environmental factors on ow/ob was obtained by logistic regression analysis. We found that (1) the prevalence of ow/ob fell between from 19.2% to 11.9% at 10 years old and from 13.8% to 6% at 18 years old; (2) latitude, family SES, income, and urbanization level are positively correlated with the prevalence of ow/ob; and (3) altitude has a negative correlation with the prevalence of ow/ob. The prevalence of ow/ob decreased with age in children and adolescents aged 10–18, and the risk of ow/ob showed significant differences in latitude, altitude, family SES level, gross domestic product (GDP), and level of urbanization.

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Clinical and environmental factors are not associated with establishment of pre-hospital intravenous access.

Dansk Tidsskrift for Akutmedicin ◽

10.7146/akut.v2i3.112985 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Rasmus Lyngby

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Success Rates ◽

Chi Square ◽

Triage Category ◽

The Social ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Difficulty ◽

The Impact

Background: Establishing intravenous (IV) access is part of the paramedic scope of practice and in critically ill patients the procedure is essential to administer fluids and/or drugs. However, in the unique pre-hospital setting clinical and environmental factors may challenge the procedure. Previous studies have investigated IV procedure time and overall success-rates with little or no attention to the impact of challenging factors. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and environmental factors associated with the first attempt of IV access establishment. Methods: Data containing information on IV procedure characteristics, patient condition and environmental factors were obtained by paramedics operating in the Capital Region of Denmark. Data was collected during three non-consecutive months in 2017 and 2018. Data was exported to IBM’s Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for analysis. A chi-square test for independence (with Yates’ Continuity Correction for 2x2 tables and likelihood ratio for expected count violations) was applied to test for association between first attempt of IV access establishment, patient condition and environmental factors. Results: A total of 259 datasets were available. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between first attempt of IV access establishment and assessed level of difficulty (p=0.00). No significant association was found between first attempt of IV access establishment and presence of radial pulse (p=0.21), patient triage category (p=0.35), size of catheter (p=0.80), site of catheter insertion (p=0.11), light conditions (p=0.26) and procedure location (p=0.31). Conclusion: This study concludes that first-attempt IV access establishment was significantly associated with assessed level of difficulty, and non-significantly associated with the investigated clinical end environmental factors. Based on the findings, paramedics should reconsider IV access for patients where the procedure is considered difficult, and consider other available administration options. On the contrary, paramedics should not refrain from attempting IV access establishment based on present clinical and environmental factors thought to challenge the procedure.

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Determinants and Impact of Padi Farm Fragmentation in the Muda Area, Kedah, Northwest Malaysia

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a120097 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 97-110

Author(s):

S T Wong ◽

S H Tan

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Regression Analysis ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis ◽

Irrigation Scheme ◽

Chi Square ◽

Principal Axes ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Impact

In this study two sets of hypotheses—a general set and a specific set—are advanced for testing. Whereas principal-axes factor analysis is applied to identify the major underlying dimensions that are postulated to be associated with padi farm fragmentation for 207 farms, stepwise multiple-regression analysis is employed to determine which among the twenty-six hypothesized variables have the strongest influence in predicting the extent of padi farm fragmentation in the Muda Irrigation Scheme Area of Kedah in northwest Malaysia. The impact which the extent of farm fragmentation has on padi productivity, irrigation, mechanization, and the neglect of parcels located at a distance from the farm house for the three size categories of farms—one-parcel, two-parcel, and three-or-more-parcel farms—is evaluated by the use of the chi-square test.

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Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research ◽

10.3148/67.3.2006.143 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Foyez Haque ◽

Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽

Betty Ann Horbul ◽

Patricia Desroches ◽

Craig Orrell

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Program Planning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northern Ontario ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

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The impact of COVID-19 related national lockdown on ophthalmic emergency in Italy: A multicenter study

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211028046 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110280

Author(s):

Maria L Salvetat ◽

Carlo Salati ◽

Patrizia Busatto ◽

Marco Zeppieri

Keyword(s):

Gender Bias ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Lower Number ◽

Electronic Records ◽

Chi Square ◽

Efficient Access ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Unpaired Student ◽

The Impact ◽

Wet Amd

Purpose: To assess ocular pathologies admitted to Italian Emergency Eye Departments (EEDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic national lockdown in 2020 in comparison with the same period in 2019. Methods: Electronic records of all patients presenting at EEDs of two tertiary-care Eye Centers during the COVID-19 national lockdown in Italy (March 10–May 3, 2020) were compared with the equivalent period in 2019. Main outcomes were patient age, gender, and diagnoses. Statistical analysis included unpaired Student t-tests, Poisson regression, and chi-square test. Results: Overall EED visits significantly decreased by 54.1% during the 2020 lockdown compared to 2019 (851 vs 1854, p < 0.001). During lockdown, patients showed comparable mean age (52.8 years in 2020 vs 53.3 years in 2019, p = 0.52) and significant male gender bias (61.1% in 2020 vs 55.8% in 2019, p < 0.0001). The most frequent pathologies were eye inflammations, trauma-related incidents, and spontaneous acute vitreous detachment. Patients with inflammation, headache/hemicrania, and spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhages were significantly less, whereas those with trauma-related diagnoses were significantly higher during the lockdown as compared with 2019 ( p < 0.05). The proportion of non-urgent visits decreased from 17% in 2019 to 8% in 2020 ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: During the 2020 lockdown, there was a significant reduction of accesses to EED, especially for non-urgent pathologies. Potentially visual function threatening conditions, such as trauma-related pathologies, retinal detachment or ruptures, and wet AMD, showed lower number of cases but higher or stable proportion relative to the total caseload, suggesting a correct and efficient access to ophthalmic health care during the pandemic period.

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Relationship between new farming practices and chemical use and the consumption of giant cricket (Brachytrupes membranaceus Drury, 1770)

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed ◽

10.3920/jiff2018.0010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 295-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F.O. Miantsia ◽

F. Meutchieye ◽

S. Niassy

Keyword(s):

Food Source ◽

Farming Practices ◽

Smallholder Farming ◽

Chi Square ◽

Pesticides Residues ◽

Intensive Use ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Dependence Relationship ◽

The Impact ◽

Persistent Pesticides

The current work is aimed at generating information on giant crickets and the impact of commonly used pesticides on the natural population of these crickets. Data was collected based on interviews and complemented with field observations. Out of 319 respondents surveyed, 290 were aware of the use of the giant cricket as a food source, and 161 were active consumers. Regarding the availability of the giant cricket, respondents reported that the crickets’ populations were diminishing because of farming practices. About 219 persons reported that commonly used herbicides harm giant crickets at different stages. This could be attributed to the scarcity of this species, as mentioned by 233 respondents. The results showed that 130 respondents were engaged in gathering giant crickets for consumption. This insect gathering is related to soil tilling. Chi-square test showed a significant dependence relationship between herbicides use and cricket scarcity. Although less than a majority (129) of respondents are making regular use of persistent pesticides (herbicides), it has been observed that intensive use of pesticides could become a popular practice in smallholder farming categories. This paper thus suggests the need for training and surveillance concerning the trade of pesticides in the region and proposes further investigations into pesticides residues or traces in collected giant crickets consumed in the study site and in all areas with similar conditions.

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Low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity of children and adolescents from a Brazilian region of low economic status

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/s0103-05822013000400004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 437-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dartagnan Pinto Guedes ◽

Francisléia Nascimento Almeida ◽

Jaime Tolentino M. Neto ◽

Maria de Fátima de M. Maia ◽

Thatiana Maia Tolentino

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Task Force ◽

Economic Status ◽

Age Groups ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Weight Excess

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity in a representative sample of children and adolescents from a Brazilian region with low economic development. METHODS: A total of 982 girls and 986 boys, aged seven to 17 years old and assisted by Segundo Tempo Program, from Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, were included in the study. Low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity were defined based on body mass cut-off indexes recommended by the International Obesity Task Force. The prevalence of the nutritional status according to sex and age was compared by chi-square test. RESULTS: In girls, the frequency of low body weight/thinness, overweight and obesity was 4.1, 18.4 and 3.8%, respectively; in boys, these percentages were 6.3, 13.2 and 2.9%, respectively. The low body weight/thinness for girls raised from 2.7% (7-10 years old) to 5.5% (15-17 years old); the body weight excess (overweight and obesity) decreased from 30.1 to 16.2% for the same age groups. In boys, the corresponding trends were from 3.2 to 9.4% for low body weight/thinness, and from 23.4 to 9.2%, for body weight excess. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that, even in a region with low economic status, the body weight excess was the main problem associated with nutritional health. The high overweight and obesity prevalence rates indicate the need of public policies for promoting healthy feeding behaviors and physical activity.

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Maxillofacial injuries among Brazilian children and adolescents victims of traffic accidents

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-863720150001000032952 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laís Gonzaga de FARIAS ◽

Rebeca Valeska Soares PEREIRA ◽

Lorenna Mendes Temóteo BRANDT ◽

Thaliny Batista Sarmento de OLIVEIRA ◽

Alidianne Fábia Cabral XAVIER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Young Male ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Body Region ◽

Maxillofacial Injuries ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of morbidity due to traffic accidents in children and adolescents and its relationship with maxillofacial injuries in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed 533 forensic reports of individuals aged 0-19 years, victims of external causes in Campina Grande, Brazil, in 2013. Data were collected through a form containing variables sex, age, day of week, time, type of traffic accident, injured body region, presence of fractures, maxillofacial and oral cavity injuries. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS) was used for data analysis. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals at 95% were estimated with the chi-square test. RESULTS: There was predominance of males (75.0%) aged 15-19 years (65.0%), with association between sex and occurrence of traffic accidents (p <0.001). The afternoon shift recorded 36.7% of cases of accidents involving motorcyclists (55.0%). In 25.0% of cases, there were injuries on the head and 26.7% on the face. Head and face injuries were observed in 10.0% of patients, while maxillofacial and oral cavity injuries were present in 21.7% and 6.7%, respectively. There was an association between occurrence of accident and face injuries (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Traffic accidents affect mostly young male individuals, causing multiple injuries in different body areas, including maxillofacial and oral cavity injuries.

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A Study on the impact of Coping Strategies over Stress Management – An Empirical Study

Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) ◽

10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.2221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 5566-5573

Author(s):

Ch.Narahari Et. al.

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Empirical Study ◽

Stress Management ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Positive Emotion ◽

Software Industry ◽

Total Sample ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Impact

In the present study we analyze the employees’ perception towards coping measures adopted byfirms in software industry. The considered coping constructs adopted for the study in stress abatement areVenting of Emotions,Problem Focused, Seeking Information and emotional support, Positive Emotion-Focused, were, employee perception was acquired by a systematic survey.A total sample of 800 employees’perceptions have been collected through simple random technique and out of which survey respondents, irregular responses are eliminated finally 756 samples are determined for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between perceptions and model constructs. Results are reported and discussions are made as per the results and in correlation between results of previous literature.Finally, suggestions and future indication for extension of the study are proposed.

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Overweight and obesity in 16–18 years old teenagers in South Jakarta and the relationship with academic performance

World Nutrition Journal ◽

10.25220/wnj.v04.s3.0026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1-3) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Marie Christabelle ◽

Bernie Endyarni Medise

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Obese People ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Relationship ◽

Academic Year

Objective: In different parts of the world, Indonesia included, overweight and obese people are seen to have worse performance compared to their healthy counterparts. Although there were research that had been done to observe the relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance, the results obtained were still divided into significantly and non-significantly related.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to 373 students from two different schools in South Jakarta on December 2017–January 2018. Data was obtained by measuring height and weight of the participant to get his/her nutritional status and the average of participant’s odd semester Continual Assessment and Semestral Assessment of Academic Year 2017/2018 to see if the result was higher or equal to the passing grade.Results: Data analysis with chi square test shows that there was no significant relationship between overweight, obesity, and academic performance (p = 0.452 for Indonesian Language and p = 0.476 for Mathematics) although overweight and obese students tend to have better performance in some exam.Conclusion: The events that lead to overweight, obesity, and one’s academic performance are all multifactorial that the relationship between the two is difficult to be determined.

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The Impact of Watching Television Sports Channels in Promotion of Sports Activities among the Students of University of Sargodha

Global Mass Communication Review ◽

10.31703/gmcr.2019(iv-i).07 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol IV (I) ◽

pp. 95-107

Author(s):

Sajjad Ali ◽

Muhammad Saqib Ilmas ◽

Shajee Hassan

Keyword(s):

Statistical Tests ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Chi Square ◽

Uses And Gratification ◽

Uses And Gratification Theory ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Set Up ◽

The University ◽

The Impact ◽

Sports Activities

This study analyzes the impact of watching television sports channels on the promotion of sports activities among the students of the University of Sargodha. The aim of the study is to explore the impact of sports channels on students. Previous researches are used to set up the concepts of the present study. In this research, a survey technique is used to collect the data. The population of the study consists of male and female students of the University of Sargodha. In this research, the Stratified and Purposive sampling technique is used, through which specification characteristics of the respondent's demographics. The study explores the impact of sports channels in the view of Uses and Gratification Theory. The data for this study is collected through the use of a well-designed questionnaire. Chi-square test and other statistical tests like ANOVA and t-Test are applied to test the hypothesis. The finding shows that more the exposure to TV sports channels more the information level of students of the University of Sargodha.

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