scholarly journals Probiotics in Intestinal Mucosal Healing: A New Therapy or an Old Friend?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Eirini Filidou ◽  
George Kolios
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Commensal Microbiota ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Adequate Quantity ◽  
Active Inflammation

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis are characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammation, while their pathogenesis remains mostly unelucidated. Gut commensal microbiota seem to be one of the various implicated factors, as several studies have shown a significant decrease in the microbiome diversity of patients with IBD. Although the question of whether microbiota dysbiosis is a causal factor or the result of chronic inflammation remains unanswered, one fact is clear; active inflammation in IBD results in the disruption of the mucus layer structure, barrier function, and also, colonization sites. Recently, many studies on IBD have been focusing on the interplay between mucosal and luminal microbiota, underlining their possible beneficial effect on mucosal healing. Regarding this notion, it has now been shown that specific probiotic strains, when administrated, lead to significantly decreased inflammation, amelioration of colitis, and improved mucosal healing. Probiotics are live microorganisms exerting beneficial effects on the host’s health when administered in adequate quantity. The aim of this review was to present and discuss the current findings on the role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in intestinal wound healing and the effects of probiotics on intestinal mucosal wound closure.

scholarly journals The Role of Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxiang Ma ◽  
Reshma Vasu ◽  
Hu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complicated disease involving multiple pathogenic factors. The complex relationships between long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and the morbidity of IBD drive numerous studies to unravel the underlying mechanisms. A better understanding of the role of LCFAs in IBD will substitute or boost the current IBD therapies, thereby obtaining mucosal healing. In this review, we focused on the roles of LCFAs on the important links of inflammatory regulation in IBD, including in the pathogen recognition phase and in the inflammatory resolving phase, and the effects of LCFAs on immune cells in IBD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Fruit Juice Containing Bacillus Coagulans Probiotic Supplement on the Level of Immunoglobulins A, M and Lymphocytes in Two-Speed Athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Ebrahimi ◽  
Maryam Golshahi ◽  
Samane Yazdi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Pirnia
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Athlete ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Experimental Group

Probiotics exert beneficial effects on their host health by creating microbial balance in the digestive system. The role of some probiotic strains in strengthening the immune system and reducing the risk of diseases, especially respiratory infections, has been proven in previous studies. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation containing Bacillus coagulans on the Runner athletes immune system. In this study, the effect of Bacillus coagulans probiotic on immunoglobulins A, M and monocytes count 60 male athlete sprints Evaluates that which were randomly divided into two groups of 30.For 3 months, the experimental group received a daily glass of probiotic juice containing 109 cfu / ml containing probiotic supplement and the control group received plain and no supplemental juice. During the study period, once every 2 weeks, One day after exercise (running 200 meters), blood samples were taken from all participants Then In the collected samples, IgA, IgM and lymphocytes were evaluated. Consumption of probiotic juice containing 2 × 109 f cfu/ml Bacillus coagulans probiotic supplement showed a significant difference in the amount of IgA, IgM and Lymphocyte between the experimental group and the control group. The results of this study showed that the consumption of juice containing probiotic supplement Bacillus coagulans can increase the level of immune factors IgM, IgA, lymphocytes and prevent the occurrence of diseases, especially respiratory infections, by improving the function of the immune system.

Whole Food–Based Approaches to Modulating Gut Microbiota and Associated Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Han ◽  
Hang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Associated Functions ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Whole Foods

Intake of whole foods, such as fruits and vegetables, may confer health benefits to the host. The beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables were mainly attributed to their richness in polyphenols and microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). Components in fruits and vegetables modulate composition and associated functions of the gut microbiota, whereas gut microbiota can transform components in fruits and vegetables to produce metabolites that are bioactive and important for health. The progression of multiple diseases, such as obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, is associated with diet and gut microbiota. Although the exact causality between these diseases and specific members of gut microbiota has not been well characterized, accumulating evidence supported the role of fruits and vegetables in modulating gut microbiota and decreasing the risks of microbiota-associated diseases. This review summarizes the latest findings on the effects of whole fruits and vegetables on gut microbiota and associated diseases.

scholarly journals PPARγin Inflammatory Bowel Disease

PPAR Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Annese ◽  
Francesca Rogai ◽  
Alessia Settesoldi ◽  
Siro Bagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is member of a family of nuclear receptors that interacts with nuclear proteins acting as coactivators and corepressors. The colon is a major tissue which expresses PPARγin epithelial cells and, to a lesser degree, in macrophages and lymphocytes and plays a role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. Indeed, both natural and synthetic PPARγligands have beneficial effects in different models of experimental colitis, with possible implication in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This paper will specifically focus on potential role of PPARγin the predisposition and physiopathology of IBD and will analyze its possible role in medical therapy.

scholarly journals Olive Tree Biophenols in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: When Bitter is Better

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Larussa ◽  
Maria Imeneo ◽  
Francesco Luzza
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Phenolic Fraction ◽  
Gut Inflammation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The current therapeutic scenario for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators, but concerns regarding their safety profiles and high costs heavily impact their widespread use. In recent years, the beneficial effects thatbiophenols—from fruit and vegetables—have on human health have been investigated. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic fraction, from olive leaves and fruits, have been suggested, and a potential application in gut inflammation has been supported by in vitro and IBD-animal models studies. In the present review, we first introduced the potential therapeutic role of olive tree biophenolsin chronic inflammatory disease. Then, we aimed to describe their most interesting application for gut inflammation, as the results of basic science studies and animal experimental models. Finally, the potential role of olive tree biophenols in the setting of human IBD is discussed.

scholarly journals Improving the Efficacy of Mesenchymal/Stromal-Based Therapy for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1507
Author(s):  
Mercedes Lopez-Santalla ◽  
Marina Inmaculada Garin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Commensal Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) consisting of persistent and relapsing inflammatory processes of the intestinal mucosa are caused by genetic, environmental, and commensal microbiota factors. Despite recent advances in clinical treatments aiming to decrease inflammation, nearly 30% of patients treated with biologicals experienced drawbacks including loss of response, while others can develop severe side effects. Hence, novel effective treatments are highly needed. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSCs) therapy is an innovative therapeutic alternative currently under investigation for IBD. MSCs have the inherent capacity of modulating inflammatory immune responses as well as regenerating damaged tissues and are therefore a prime candidate to use as cell therapy in patients with IBD. At present, MSC-based therapy has been shown preclinically to modulate intestinal inflammation, whilst the safety of MSC-based therapy has been demonstrated in clinical trials. However, the successful results in preclinical studies have not been replicated in clinical trials. In this review, we will summarize the protocols used in preclinical and clinical trials and the novel approaches currently under investigation which aim to increase the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapy for IBD.

Role of HMGB1 as a Suitable Biomarker of Subclinical Intestinal Inflammation and Mucosal Healing in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1448-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Palone ◽  
Roberta Vitali ◽  
Salvatore Cucchiara ◽  
Maria Pierdomenico ◽  
Anna Negroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Diagnostic and therapeutic value of micro-RNAs in inflammatory bowel disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 3622-3632
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Berezin ◽  
Eugen I Poplyonkin
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Short Rnas ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease with uncertain etiology and pathogenesis. The prevalence of IBD has steadily increased worldwide, affecting numerous groups of people in both developed and developing countries. Current guidelines are being re-defined with the aim for patients with established IBD to achieve mucosal healing and complete morphological figures with minimal drug toxicity, to diminish the likelihood of extra-intestinal manifestations and dysplasia/ colorectal cancer, and to prevent the need for surgery. Many patients with established IBD may require conventional treatment, as well as alternative treatment, due to non-response, loss of response, or intolerance to treatment regimen. In this context, stratification of risk and management of IBD could be based on personified strategy predominantly allocated to core components of pathogenesis of the disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are defined as non-coding short RNAs which are involved in various stages of the natural evolution of IBD. Recent animal and clinical studies have shown the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and signature of miRNAs in susceptibility to IBD, risk of clinical and histological exacerbation, and remission. The aim of the review is to summarize the knowledge regarding use of miRNAs as biomarkers and molecular targets in IBD.  

The Role of Combining Biochemical Markers in Assessing the Endoscopic Activity in Ulcerative Colitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1268-1271
Author(s):  
Mihaela Dranga ◽  
Catalina Mihai ◽  
Otilia Gavrilescu ◽  
Anca Cardoneanu ◽  
Mariana Floria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
A Prospective Study

Ulcerative colitis (UC) isa chronic, idiopathic and recurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by periods of activity and remissionwhose monitoring requires invasive explorations associated with discomfort for the patient and important costs. Mucosal healing became one of the most important therapeutic targets in UC. The aim of our study was to identify a score, made up of noninvasive, available, used in current clinical practice biochemical markers, which should correlate with endoscopic activity in UC. We conducted a prospective study on 114 patients with UC. All patients were assessed both for biological inflammatory markers: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C- reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, platelets, albumin, fecal calprotectin (FC) and by colonoscopy to estimate the endoscopic activity using Mayo score. By linear regression, we tried to identify a biochemical score correlated with endoscopic activity. Out of the serological markers,ESR (p=0.014), CRP(p= 0.021) and fibrinogen (p=0.035) correlated with the endoscopic activity of the disease. The best sensitivity to determine the endoscopic activity was given by FC (96.05%) with a predictable negative value of 91.1% (p=0.001). The score determined by linear regression: 1 (ESR]15mm/1h) x 0.305 + 1(fibrinogen]340.5mg/dL) x 0.309+1 (CRP] 5 mg/L) + 1 (calprotectin]200 μg/g) had an increased positive predictive value compared to each and one biomarker, nevertheless, with a sensitivity and specificity inferior to that of FC. Up to now, it is the first attempt to achieve a score made up exclusively of biological markers. The obtained score, although with an increased accuracy, has proven to have a lower predictability in comparison with FC used individually and cannot entirely replace colonoscopy.

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