scholarly journals Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Primed with Paclitaxel Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Spheroid Growth and Overcome Paclitaxel Resistance

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Borghese ◽  
Naike Casagrande ◽  
Giuseppe Corona ◽  
Donatella Aldinucci
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Spheroid Growth ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Ovca Cell

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) primed with paclitaxel (PTX) are now hypothesized to represent a potential Trojan horse to vehicle and deliver PTX into tumors. We analyzed the anticancer activity of PTX released by ADSCs primed with PTX (PTX-ADSCs) (~20 ng/mL) in a panel of ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells sensitive or resistant to PTX. We used two (2D) and three dimensional (3D) in vitro models (multicellular tumor spheroids, MCTSs, and heterospheroids) to mimic tumor growth in ascites. The coculture of OvCa cells with PTX-ADSCs inhibited cell viability in 2D models and in 3D heterospheroids (SKOV3-MCTSs plus PTX-ADSCs) and counteracted PTX-resistance in Kuramochi cells. The cytotoxic effects of free PTX and of equivalent amounts of PTX secreted in PTX-ADSC-conditioned medium (CM) were compared. PTX-ADSC-CM decreased OvCa cell proliferation, was more active than free PTX and counteracted PTX-resistance in Kuramochi cells (6.0-fold decrease in the IC50 values). Cells cultivated as 3D aggregated MCTSs were more resistant to PTX than 2D cultivation. PTX-ADSC-CM (equivalent-PTX) was more active than PTX in MCTSs and counteracted PTX-resistance in all cell lines. PTX-ADSC-CM also inhibited OvCa-MCTS dissemination on collagen-coated wells. In conclusion, PTX-ADSCs and PTX-MSCs-CM may represent a new option with which to overcome PTX-resistance in OvCa.

scholarly journals Enhanced Therapeutic Potential of the Secretome Released from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by PGC-1α-Driven Upregulation of Mitochondrial Proliferation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5589
Author(s):  
Jaeim Lee ◽  
Ok-Hee Kim ◽  
Sang Chul Lee ◽  
Kee-Hwan Kim ◽  
Jin Sun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor λ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a potent regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the secretome released from the adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transfected with PGC-1α (PGC-secretome). We first generated PGC-1α-overexpressing ASCs by transfecting ASCs with the plasmids harboring the gene encoding PGC-1α. Secretory materials released from PGC-1α-overexpressing ASCs were collected and their therapeutic potential was determined using in vitro (thioacetamide (TAA)-treated AML12 cells) and in vivo (70% partial hepatectomized mice) models of liver injury. In the TAA-treated AML12 cells, the PGC-secretome significantly increased cell viability, promoted expression of proliferation-related markers, such as PCNA and p-STAT, and significantly reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the mice, PGC-secretome injections significantly increased liver tissue expression of proliferation-related markers more than normal secretome injections did (p < 0.05). We demonstrated that the PGC-secretome does not only have higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but also has the potential of significantly enhancing liver regeneration in both in vivo and in vitro models of liver injury. Thus, reinforcing the mitochondrial antioxidant potential by transfecting ASCs with PGC-1α could be one of the effective strategies to enhance the therapeutic potential of ASCs.

scholarly journals Osteogenic Differentiation of Three-Dimensional Bioprinted Constructs Consisting of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e0157214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Fei Wang ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Yun-Song Liu ◽  
Yu-chun Sun ◽  
Yu-guang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

Bioprinting stem cells: building physiological tissues one cell at a time

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. C465-C480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Scognamiglio ◽  
Alessandro Soloperto ◽  
Giancarlo Ruocco ◽  
Gianluca Cidonio
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
3D Models ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
3D Print

Bioprinting aims to direct the spatial arrangement in three dimensions of cells, biomaterials, and growth factors. The biofabrication of clinically relevant constructs for the repair or modeling of either diseased or damaged tissues is rapidly advancing, resulting in the ability to three-dimensional (3D) print biomimetic platforms which imitate a large number of tissues in the human body. Primary tissue-specific cells are typically isolated from patients and used for the fabrication of 3D models for drug screening or tissue repair purposes. However, the lack of resilience of these platforms, due to the difficulties in harnessing, processing, and implanting patient-specific cells can limit regeneration ability. The printing of stem cells obviates these hurdles, producing functional in vitro models or implantable constructs. Advancements in biomaterial science are helping the development of inks suitable for the encapsulation and the printing of stem cells, promoting their functional growth and differentiation. This review specifically aims to investigate the most recent studies exploring innovative and functional approaches for the printing of 3D constructs to model disease or repair damaged tissues. Key concepts in tissue physiology are highlighted, reporting stem cell applications in biofabrication. Bioprinting technologies and biomaterial inks are listed and analyzed, including recent advancements in biomaterial design for bioprinting applications, commenting on the influence of biomaterial inks on the encapsulated stem cells. Ultimately, most recent successful efforts and clinical potentials for the manufacturing of functional physiological tissue substitutes are reported here, with a major focus on specific tissues, such as vasculature, heart, lung and airways, liver, bone and muscle.

scholarly journals Elastin-Collagen Based Hydrogels as Model Scaffolds to Induce Three-Dimensional Adipocyte Culture from Adipose Derived Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Newman ◽  
Kendra Clark ◽  
Bhuvaneswari Gurumurthy ◽  
Pallabi Pal ◽  
Amol V. Janorkar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Collagen Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Oil Red O Staining

This study aimed to probe the effect of formulation of scaffolds prepared using collagen and elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) and their resulting physico-chemical and mechanical properties on the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells (hASCs). Six different ELP-collagen scaffolds were prepared by varying the collagen concentration (2 and 6 mg/mL), ELP addition (6 mg/mL), or crosslinking of the scaffolds. FTIR spectroscopy indicated secondary bonding interactions between collagen and ELP, while scanning electron microscopy revealed a porous structure for all scaffolds. Increased collagen concentration, ELP addition, and presence of crosslinking decreased swelling ratio and increased elastic modulus and compressive strength of the scaffolds. The scaffold characteristics influenced cell morphology, wherein the hASCs seeded in the softer, non-crosslinked scaffolds displayed a spread morphology. We determined that stiffer and/or crosslinked elastin-collagen based scaffolds constricted the spreading of hASCs, leading to a spheroid morphology and yielded an enhanced adipogenic differentiation as indicated by Oil Red O staining. Overall, this study underscored the importance of spheroid morphology in adipogenic differentiation, which will allow researchers to create more physiologically-relevant three-dimensional, in vitro culture models.

scholarly journals Effect of Pig-Adipose-Derived Stem Cells’ Conditioned Media on Skin Wound-Healing Characteristics In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5469
Author(s):  
Joanna Wiśniewska ◽  
Magda Słyszewska ◽  
Karolina Stałanowska ◽  
Katarzyna Walendzik ◽  
Marta Kopcewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
The Impact

The primary mechanism by which adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) exert their reparative or regenerative potential relies predominantly on paracrine action. Secretory abilities of ASCs have been found to be amplified by hypoxia pre-conditioning. This study investigates the impact of hypoxia (1% O2) on the secretome composition of pig ASCs (pASCs) and explores the effect of pASCs’ conditioned media (CM) on skin cell functions in vitro and the expression of markers attributed to wound healing. Exposure of pASCs to hypoxia increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in CM-Hyp compared to CM collected from the cells cultured in normoxia (CM-Nor). CM-Hyp promoted the migratory ability of pig keratinocytes (pKERs) and delayed migration of pig dermal fibroblasts (pDFs). Exposure of pKERs to either CM-Nor or CM-Hyp decreased the levels of pro-fibrotic indicators WNT10A and WNT11. Furthermore, CM-Hyp enhanced the expression of KRT14, the marker of the basal epidermis layer. In contrast, CM-Nor showed a stronger effect on pDFs manifested by increases in TGFB1, COL1A1, COL3A1, and FN1 mRNA expression. The formation of three-dimensional endothelial cell networks was improved in the presence of CM-Hyp. Overall, our results demonstrate that the paracrine activity of pASCs affects skin cells, and this property might be used to modulate wound healing.

Cytotoxic effects of disulfiram and synergism with cisplatin on ovarian cancer cells in vitro

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Guo ◽  
Z Yang ◽  
J Xu ◽  
J Sehouli ◽  
AE Albers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects

In vitro Three Dimensional Scaffold-free Construct of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells in Coculture with Endothelial Cells and Fibroblasts

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341-1344
Author(s):  
Grigore Berea ◽  
Gheorghe Gh. Balan ◽  
Vasile Sandru ◽  
Paul Dan Sirbu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

Complex interactions between stem cells, vascular cells and fibroblasts represent the substrate of building microenvironment-embedded 3D structures that can be grafted or added to bone substitute scaffolds in tissue engineering or clinical bone repair. Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells (hASCs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and normal dermal human fibroblasts (NDHF) can be mixed together in three dimensional scaffold free constructs and their behaviour will emphasize their potential use as seeding points in bone tissue engineering. Various combinations of the aforementioned cell lines were compared to single cell line culture in terms of size, viability and cell proliferation. At 5 weeks, viability dropped for single cell line spheroids while addition of NDHF to hASC maintained the viability at the same level at 5 weeks Fibroblasts addition to the 3D construct of stem cells and endothelial cells improves viability and reduces proliferation as a marker of cell differentiation toward osteogenic line.

3D Culture Modelling: An Emerging Approach for Translational Cancer Research in Sarcomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (29) ◽  
pp. 4778-4788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Heredia-Soto ◽  
Andrés Redondo ◽  
José Juan Pozo Kreilinger ◽  
Virginia Martínez-Marín ◽  
Alberto Berjón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Tumour Spheroids ◽  
Current Therapies

Sarcomas are tumours of mesenchymal origin, which can arise in bone or soft tissues. They are rare but frequently quite aggressive and with a poor outcome. New approaches are needed to characterise these tumours and their resistance mechanisms to current therapies, responsible for tumour recurrence and treatment failure. This review is focused on the potential of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models, including multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) and organoids, and the latest data about their utility for the study on important properties for tumour development. The use of spheroids as a particularly valuable alternative for compound high throughput screening (HTS) in different areas of cancer biology is also discussed, which enables the identification of new therapeutic opportunities in commonly resistant tumours.

Stem Cells as In Vitro Models of Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Ruiz-Lozano ◽  
Prithi Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Models Of Disease

scholarly journals Organoids of the female reproductive tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindrilla Chumduri ◽  
Margherita Y. Turco
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth

AbstractHealthy functioning of the female reproductive tract (FRT) depends on balanced and dynamic regulation by hormones during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and childbirth. The mucosal epithelial lining of different regions of the FRT—ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina—facilitates the selective transport of gametes and successful transfer of the zygote to the uterus where it implants and pregnancy takes place. It also prevents pathogen entry. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) organoid systems from the FRT now provide crucial experimental models that recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity and physiological, anatomical and functional properties of the organ in vitro. In this review, we summarise the state of the art on organoids generated from different regions of the FRT. We discuss the potential applications of these powerful in vitro models to study normal physiology, fertility, infections, diseases, drug discovery and personalised medicine.

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