Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of Allium × Cornutum Clementi and Two Varieties of Allium cepa L. Peel Extracts

Onions are one of the most widely grown vegetable crops. As production increases, so does the generation of waste from various parts of the onion, raising the need for efficient ecological disposal and use of such waste products. However, onion waste products are a rich source of antioxidants with a range of biological properties, therefore, they could potentially be used in food and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study, we identified the main flavonols and anthocyanins in peel extracts of Allium × cornutum Clement ex Visiani, 1842, and two varieties of Allium cepa L. and tested their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties. Quercetin 3,4′-diglucolside, quercetin 4′-monoglucoside and quercetin are the most abundant flavonols in all onion extracts detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The composition of anthocyanins varied in all extracts. 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays showed that the triploid onion A. × cornutum had the highest antioxidant power. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution assay also showed that A. × cornutum had higher antimicrobial activity compared to the red and yellow onion varieties. Comparable antiproliferative activity was confirmed for all onion extracts tested on three cancer cell lines: Hela (cervical cancer cell line), HCT116 (human colon cancer cell line) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma cell line). The most abundant onion flavonols (quercetin 3,4′-diglucoside and quercetin 4′-monoglucoside) showed weaker antimicrobial as well as antiproliferative properties compared to the extracts, leading to the conclusion that other phytochemicals besides flavonols contribute to the biological activity of onion peel extracts. The results demonstrate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of onion peels, which have promising potential as cancer cell proliferation inhibitors.

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Not Only a Weed Plant—Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Hydrosol of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10091837 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1837

Author(s):

Elma Vuko ◽

Valerija Dunkić ◽

Ana Maravić ◽

Mirko Ruščić ◽

Marija Nazlić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Cervical Cancer Cell Line ◽

Osteosarcoma Cell ◽

Dittrichia Viscosa ◽

New Findings

With the increasing interest in obtaining biologically active compounds from natural sources, Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter (Asteraceae) came into our focus as a readily available and aromatic wild shrub widely distributed in the Mediterranean region. This work provides a phytochemical profile of D. viscosa in terms of parallel chemical composition in the lipophilic fraction (essential oil) and the water fraction (hydrosol). GC-MS analysis identified 1,8-cineole, caryophyllene oxide, α-terpenyl acetate, and α-muurolol as the major components of the essential oil, while in the hydrosol p-menth-1-en-9-ol, 1,8-cineole, linalool, cis-sabinene hydrate, and α-muurolol were the major volatile components. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid was found to be the predominant compound in the hydrosol composition by HPLC analysis. The antimicrobial potential of both extracts was evaluated against thirteen opportunistic pathogens associated with common skin and wound infections and emerging food spoilage microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil suggests that the volatiles of D. viscosa could be used as novel antimicrobial agents. The antiproliferative results of D. viscosa volatiles are also new findings, which showed promising activity against three cancer cell lines: HeLa (cervical cancer cell line), HCT116 (human colon cancer cell line), and U2OS (human osteosarcoma cell line). The decrease in GSH level observed in hydrosol-treated HeLa cells suggests oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of hydrosol on tumor cells. The presented results are also the first report of significant antiphytoviral activity of hydrosol against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection. Based on the results, D. viscosa might have the potential to be used in crop protection, as a natural disinfectant and natural anticancer agent.

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A Profile of the Biological Activity of Functionalized Benzimidazolium Ionic Liquids

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.5.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 5120-5130

Author(s):

Paul Metilda ◽

Starling P Jebha

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Kojic Acid ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Biologically Active ◽

New Drugs ◽

Human Leukemia ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

Now-a-days, the pharmaceutical industries were facing many challenges that impose the need to develop innovative and effective therapies. Hence, the investigation of effective therapies for cancer is an actual goal of every pharmaceutical industries. Recently, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have been considered as potential target in scientific community because of their unique performance in various fields. Moreover, numerous combinations made between the cation and the anion, which can be tuned the physicochemical and biological properties of ILs. Especially, these ionic liquids play a vital role for designing new drugs and producing potent bioactivity. Herein we synthesized a series of benzimidazolium based ionic liquids with different functional groups and their structure was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR as well as High resolution Mass spectroscopy technique antimicrobial activity of ILs were screened by five bacterial and fungal strains which was measured in terms of zone of inhibition. All the compounds were found to be effective against all bacterial species and fungi Candida albicans. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity of ILs has been evaluated by Phosphomolybdenum method. The report indicates that kojic acid functionalized ILs exhibited significant antioxidant activity. In addition, antitumor activity of these compounds has been analyzed using human ovarian cancer cell line SK-OV-3, human prostate cancer cell line DU-145 and human leukemia cancer cell line K-562. The data obtained from antitumour studies showed that an excellent activity of ester functionalized ionic liquid confirms that can be used as an anticancer agent. However, ester functionalized and kojic acid functionalized ILs possess biologically active against the tested strains.

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Chemical Composition and New Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Hydrosol of Hypericum perforatum L. ssp. veronense (Schrank) H. Lindb

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10051014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1014

Author(s):

Elma Vuko ◽

Valerija Dunkić ◽

Mirko Ruščić ◽

Marija Nazlić ◽

Nela Mandić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Cervical Cancer Cell Line ◽

Osteosarcoma Cell ◽

Water Fraction

The chemical profile, antiproliferative, antioxidant and antiphytoviral activities of the species Hypericum perforatum ssp. veronense (Schrank) H. Lindb. (Clusiaceae) were investigated. Free volatiles were isolated and the chemical composition was determined in the lipophilic fraction (essential oil) and for the first time in the water fraction (hydrosol). The aim is to provide phytochemical data for H. perforatum ssp. veronense useful for distinguishing ssp. veronense from ssp. angustifolium, as there are taxonomic disagreements between them and the composition of the secretory products may be helpful in this respect. In the essential oil, the most abundant compounds identified were α-pinene and n-nonane, while in the hydrosol, myrtenol, carvacrol and α-pinene were the most abundant. Overall, the class of monoterpenes and oxygenated monoterpenes dominated in the EO and hydrosol samples. The essential oil showed high antioxidant activity, in contrast to the antiproliferative activity, where the hydrosol showed exceptional activity against three cancer cell lines: Hela (cervical cancer cell line), HCT116 (human colon cancer cell line) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma cell line). Both the essential oil and hydrosol showed antiphytoviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus infection on the local host plants. This is the first report dealing with biological activities of hydrosol of H. perforatum ssp. veronense, and the obtained results suggest that this traditional medicinal plant is a valuable source of volatiles with promising antiproliferative, antioxidant and antiphytoviral activities.

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Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Potential Cytotoxic Effect of Mentha Viridis (Spearmint) Extracts from Saudi Arabia

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/370116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 120-127

Author(s):

Nada Ali

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Cytotoxic Effect ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Many medicinal plants have been used to treat and prevent illnesses in Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Mentha viridis obtainedfrom Albaha region of Saudi Arabiaand evaluate its antimicrobial and antiproliferative potential. The extract was obtained from plant fresh material and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial and antiproliferative potential of the plant extract was analysed by performing four subsequent extracts: ethanol, petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol. The GC-MS analysis showed carvone as a main component, as it comprised 64.82 % of the plant extract. In antimicrobial activity, methanol extract showed significant activityagainst Pseudomonas aeruginosa with zone of inhibition of 15 mm. The MTT assay showed thatpetroleum ether and chloroform extracts have moderate cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with IC50 values of 193.23 μg/mL and 131.86 μg/mL, respectively. Chloroform extract also showed mild activity against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell line with IC50value of 189.2 μg/mL. This study highlights the potential of M. viridis extracts as powerful bioactive phytochemicals with possible role in diseases and cancer therapy.

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Synthesis of new analogs of 3-methyl-[1,2,4] triazolo [3,4-a] phthalazines via Suzuki coupling and evaluation of their anticancer and antimicrobial activity

Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.13171/mjc841905257hbb ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 261-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gollapudi Ravi Kumar ◽

Chandra Mohan Kurmarayuni ◽

Manideepa Indupalli ◽

Ramya Krishna Pallapati ◽

Hari Babu Bollikolla

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Phthalic Anhydride ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Suzuki Coupling ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Inhibition Activity ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Hct 116

A series of new N-aryl substituted phenyl acetamide analogs of 3-methyl-[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4-a] phthalazines were synthesized starting from commercially available, in-expensive phthalic anhydride in good yields (65-75 %) via Suzuki Coupling. These compounds were tested for inhibition activity against HCT 116 cancer cell line by using MIT assay. Among the library of compounds, N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-(3-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazin-6-yl)phenyl) acetamide followed by 2-(4-(3-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazin-6-yl)phenyl)-N-(m-tolyl) acetamide and Â N-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-(3-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazin-6-yl)phenyl) acetamide Â were found to be active compounds with IC50 of 70 to and 90 Âµg mL-1. Further, the compounds were also screened for their antimicrobial activities.

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Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using Aqueous Extract of Tagetes erecta flower and Evaluation of its Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic activities on HeLa cell line.

Current Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/2211550109999201202123939 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 09 ◽

Author(s):

Akila Ilangovan ◽

Akshaya Venkatramanan ◽

Pakutharivu Thangarajan ◽

Anitha Saravanan ◽

Sowndarya Rajendran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Tagetes Erecta ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps

Background: The Zinc oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized successfully by using Tagetes erecta flower aqueous extract and evaluated for their antioxidant potential, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. Methods: Phytochemical screening of aqueous crude extract and synthesized ZnO NPs of Tagetes erecta flower revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, amino acids, tannins, and proteins, etc. The characterization was done by various spectral analyses. Invitro antioxidant activities of synthesized ZnO NPs were found to possess concentrationdependent free radical scavenging activity was carried on different free radicals i.e. DPPH and ABTS. Antimicrobial activity of synthesized ZnO NPs was done by agar well diffusion method and compared with control ampicillin, while cytotoxic effects were determined by MTT assay against human cervical cancer cell line. Results: UV-Visible spectra were conducted to confirm the synthesis of ZnO NPs and peak obtained at 364.15nm. X-ray analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles and the average size of the nanoparticles was 30-50nm and was spherical shape analyzed by SEM. The synthesized ZnO NPs showed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms and maximum inhibition zone was found against E.coli in gram-negative and S.aureus in gram-positive bacteria. Synthesized ZnO NPs were showed 50% cell viability at 26.53µg/ml against the HeLa cancer cell line. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study suggests both the aqueous crude extract of Tagetes erecta flower and synthesized ZnO NPs showed an excellent alternative source of antimicrobial agent also an attractive selective cytotoxic activity against HeLa tested cancer lines, offering satisfying ‘safe and cheaper’ alternatives to conventional therapy protocols.

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