Bioguided Isolation of Alkaloids and Pharmacological Effects of the Total Alkaloid Fraction from Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. (Apocynaceae)

Aspidosperma pyrifolium is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory disorders. The aim of the study was to perform phytochemical characterization and evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and acute toxicity effects of the total alkaloid fraction (TAF-Ap) from stem barks. Two monoterpenic indole alkaloids were isolated by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and the structural elucidation was performed using 1D and 2D NMR analysis. As for toxicity, no animals died at 50 mg kg−1 and this concentration presented mild sedation and forced breathing within the first 24 h. The lethal dose capable of killing 50% of the animals (LD50) was estimated to be 160 mg kg−1. In the pharmacological tests, the models used were 1% carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis, 1% formalin-induced nociception and 1% acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing in Swiss mice. The study made it possible to isolate 15-methoxyaspidospermine and 15-methoxypyrifolidine, corroborating the results of pharmacological assays, which showed anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential, especially at 30 mg kg−1 (p < 0.001). Thus, the species was shown to be a promising source of active substances, with special attention paid to its toxicological potential.

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Pharmaco-Analytical Study and Phytochemical Profile of Hydroethanolic Extract of Algerian Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica.L)

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201020666190620113129 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 696-706

Author(s):

Farah K. Benattia ◽

Zoheir Arrar ◽

Fayçal Dergal ◽

Youssef Khabbal

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Prickly Pear ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Tail Flick ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Tail Flick Test ◽

Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Promising Source ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract

Background: "Opuntia ficus-indica" (prickly pear) is the cactus member of the Cactaceae family as an important nutrient and food source. Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of hydroalcoholic extract of prickly pear seeds that cause therapeutic effects. Method: Phytochemical screening based on simple tests and determination of secondary metabolites were performed by High-Performance Liquid with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis. For the pharmacological studies, the anti-inflammatory activity in rats was evaluated by carrageenaninduced inflammation, the description of the sedative activity was carried to the following behavioural tests, and the analgesic effect of the extract was assessed by the resistance induced by acetic acid, and the tail immersion test in mice. Results: The test drug at 500 mg/kg dose showed a significant increase in mean latency in the TAIL FLICK test, and a decrease in the average number of twisting movements in the KOSTER test, thus, a significant anti-inflammatory activity in the pattern of paw edema induced by carrageenan, and an important sedative effect on the central nervous system. Conclusion: These data suggest that the seeds of the cactus "Opuntia ficus-indica" could be a potential source of natural compound and reveal that the hydroethanolic extract of this species is a promising source, as well as a therapeutic agent for the research of new natural active ingredients.

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The total alkaloid fraction of bulbs of Fritillaria cirrhosa displays anti-inflammatory activity and attenuates acute lung injury

Journal of Ethnopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 193 ◽

pp. 150-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Dongdong Wang ◽

Jie Yang ◽

Qingdan Du ◽

Houcong Li ◽

Shu Wang

Keyword(s):

Acute Lung Injury ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Total Alkaloid ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Alkaloid Fraction ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Fritillaria Cirrhosa

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Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of the Residue By-Product Developed from the Ocimum americanum (Lamiaceae) Postdistillation Waste

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10123063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 3063

Author(s):

Izabela Jasicka-Misiak ◽

Mariia Shanaida ◽

Nataliia Hudz ◽

Piotr Paweł Wieczorek

Keyword(s):

Rosmarinic Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Chromatography Analysis ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Promising Source ◽

Ocimum Americanum

The yield of essential oils in plants is not high and postdistillation wastes rich in phenolic compounds could be used to enhance the profitability of essential oil-bearing plants. The aim of the study was to evaluate polyphenols in a dry extract obtained from the postdistillation waste of the American basil (Ocimum americanum L.) herb, and to conduct the screening of its pharmacological activities. Rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and rutin were identified in the extract using high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis found the presence of a plethora of polyphenols in the extract. Rosmarinic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside and rutin were as the main compounds. The total phenolic content in the extract was 106.31 mg GAE/g and free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl evaluated as IC50 was 0.298 mg/mL. The tested extract dose-dependently decreased the paw edema in rats, suggesting its potent anti-inflammatory property. The acute toxicity study indicates its safety. Thus, the O. americanum hydrodistilled residue by-product is the promising source of biologically active compounds with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

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Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of the total alkaloid fraction from Fumaria capreolata in the DSS model of colitis in mice

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters ◽

10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127414 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (18) ◽

pp. 127414 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noureddine Bribi ◽

Alba Rodríguez-Nogales ◽

Teresa Vezza ◽

Francesca Algieri ◽

Maria Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Alkaloid ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Alkaloid Fraction ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Fumaria Capreolata

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Polyphenols from Cymbopogon citratus inhibit iNOS expression and NO production – a promising source of new anti-inflammatory drugs

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0030-1264523 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

Author(s):

V Francisco ◽

A Figueirinha ◽

B Neves ◽

C Garcia-Rodriguez ◽

M Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inos Expression ◽

No Production ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Promising Source

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Evaluation of Dimer of Epicatechin from an Endophytic Fungus Curvularia australiensis FC2AP on Acute Toxicity Levels, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cervical Cancer Activity in Animal Models

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030654 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 654

Author(s):

Vellingiri Manon Mani ◽

Arockiam Jeyasundar Parimala Gnana Soundari ◽

Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian ◽

Sungkwon Park ◽

Utthapon Issara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Endophytic Fungus ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Cancer Drug ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Cervical cancer, as the most frequent cancer in women globally and accounts almost 14% in India. It can be prevented or treated with vaccines, radiation, chemotherapy, and brachytherapy. The chemotherapeutic agents cause adverse post effects by the destruction of the neighboring normal cells or altering the properties of the cells. In order to reduce the severity of the side effects caused by the chemically synthesized therapeutic agents, the current research developed an anti-cancer agent dimer of epicatechin (DoE), a natural bioactive secondary metabolite (BSM) mediated from an endophytic fungus Curvularia australiensis FC2AP. The investigation has initiated with the evaluation of inhibiting the angiogenesis which is a main activity in metastasis, and it was assessed through Hen’s Egg Test on Chorio Allantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) test; the BSM inhibited the growth of blood vessels in the developing chick embryo. Further the DoE was evaluated for its acute toxicity levels in albino mice, whereas the survival dose was found to be 1250 mg/kg and the lethal dose was 1500 mg/kg body weight of albino mice; hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were assessed. The anti-inflammatory responses of the DoE were evaluated in carrageenan induced Wistar rats and the reduction of inflammation occurred in a dose-dependent manner. By fixing the effective dose for anti-inflammation analysis, the DoE was taken for the anti-cervical cancer analysis in benzo (a) pyrene induced female Sprague-Dawley rats for 60 days trial. After the stipulated days, the rats were taken for hematological antioxidants, lipid peroxidation (LPO), member bound enzymes, cervical histopathological and carcinogenic markers analyses. The results specified that the DoE has the capability of reducing the tumor in an efficient way. This is the first report of flavonoid-DoE production from an endophytic fungus C. australiensis has the anticancer potentiality and it can be stated as anti-cancer drug.

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Anti-inflammatory Effects ofScoparia dulcisL. and Betulinic Acid

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x11009329 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (05) ◽

pp. 943-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Jen-Chieh Tsai ◽

Wen-Huang Peng ◽

Tai-Hui Chiu ◽

Shang-Chih Lai ◽

Chao-Ying Lee

Keyword(s):

Betulinic Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Paw Edema ◽

Scoparia Dulcis ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Cox 2 ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Analytical Result

The aims of this study intended to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the 70% ethanol extract from Scoparia dulcis (SDE) and betulinic acid on λ-carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of SDE and betulinic acid was examined by detecting the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the edema paw tissue and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GRd) in the liver. The betulinic acid content in SDE was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the anti-inflammatory model, the results showed that SDE (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) and betulinic acid (20 and 40 mg/kg) reduced the paw edema at 3, 4 and 5 h after λ-carrageenan administration. Moreover, SDE and betulinic acid affected the levels of COX-2, NO, TNF-α and IL1-β in the λ-carrageenan-induced edema paws. The activities of SOD, GPx and GRd in the liver tissue were increased and the MDA levels in the edema paws were decreased. It is suggested that SDE and betulinic acid possessed anti-inflammatory activities and the anti-inflammatory mechanisms appear to be related to the reduction of the levels of COX-2, NO, TNF-α and IL1-β in inflamed tissues, as well as the inhibition of MDA level via increasing the activities of SOD, GPx and GRd. The analytical result showed that the content of betulinic acid in SDE was 6.25 mg/g extract.

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Chronopharmacological studies of phenylbutazone in the rat

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y83-100 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 649-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. Labrecquf ◽

P. M. Bélanger ◽

F. M. Doré

Keyword(s):

Lethal Dose ◽

Circadian Variation ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Paw Edema ◽

Lethal Effects ◽

Ulcerogenic Effect ◽

Small Doses ◽

The Mean ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Action

Temporal variations in the anti-inflammatory action and in the ulcerogenic and lethal effects of phenylbutazone were studied in rats. The results indicate that small doses of the drug produced a larger reduction of paw edema in the morning than in the evening. At 0900, doses of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg of phenylbutazone reduced the carrageenan-induced paw edema by 23, 44, and 66%, respectively. At 2000, the same doses of the drug decreased the paw edema by 9, 22, and 62%, respectively. No circadian variation was observed in the ulcerogenic effect of phenylbutazone. The mean lethal dose (LD50) of the drug was larger in the morning than in the evening and the values obtained were 710 ± 24 (SE) mg/kg at 0900 in comparison to 525 ± 38 (SE) mg/kg at 2000.

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