scholarly journals The Interaction between Leaf Allelopathy and Symbiosis with Rhizobium of Ulex europaeus on Hawaii Island

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Mika Hozawa ◽  
Eiji Nawata
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Ulex Europaeus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hawaii Island

The objective of this study was to assess the magnitudes of the leaf allelopathy of Ulex europaeus in two different habitats, and discuss the driver of the differences, including rhizobia. The magnitudes of leaf allelopathy of the samples collected in two different habitats were assessed by comparing the hypocotyl and radicle lengths of the lettuce seeds tested on the samples. One habitat was in and adjacent to an Acasia koa forest, while the other was more than 50 m away. A. koa is indigenous to Hawaii and known to have a close symbiotic relationship with Bradyrhizobium for nitrogen-fixing. Within the past three years, U. europaeus has newly invaded both sampling sites, whereas the A. koa forest has been there for several decades. The combined result of both hypocotyl and radicle lengths of the lettuce seeds tested on both sites by linear model and multicomparison analyses showed no significant difference. But the radicle lengths of the lettuce seeds tested on U. europaeus sampled in and adjacent to the A. koa forest were significantly longer than those of the samples more than 50 m away, as measured by t-test (p = 0.05). This result suggested that the magnitude of the leaf allelopathy of U. europaeus depended on the distance of the habitat from the A. koa forest.

scholarly journals Recurrent pyogenic granuloma: an update

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami A. Al-shiaty ◽  
Bacem A. E. Ottoman
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Pyogenic Granuloma ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initial Appearance

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>Given the fierce controversy about the nature of pyogenic granulomas, starting with its unfitting name and ending up with its ideal treatment modality, this paper tries to numerically identify some predisposing factors of recurrence.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>The literature was initially reviewed and a total of twenty recurrent cases of pyogenic granuloma were contrasted, on one hand, to their initial appearance. On the other hand, all are contrasted to a similar number of normal mucosa using three histochemical stains: Alcian blue, periodic acid-Schiff and Masson’s trichrome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>For all recurrent lesions, all specimens showed myxoid structure histologically even if their initial appearance had possessed a sparse myxoid structure. The age of recurrence has been correlated to the histochemical findings. For the Alcian Blue stain (AB), the value of t-test was 3.808840. The pertaining value of P was 0.000593. The result was significant at P ≤0.05. For the PAS stain, the value of t-test was 3.640327. The value of P was 0.000871. The result was significant at P ≤0.05. In Masson’s trichrome staining, the value of t-test was 3.100816. The value of P was 0.002942. The result was significant at P ≤0.05. Accordingly, all stains showed significant difference in fibrous content in the initial and recurrent lesions. Conversely, the count of both endothelial vessels and inflammatory infiltrates in the recurrent lesions were significantly lower than the primary precursors.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Given that collagen fibers are continually degraded and resynthesized while proteolytic degradation occur outside the cells through the activity of enzymes called  matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), it is suggested that MMPs -positively expressed by PAS reactions- account for the spacing of the fibrous stroma, allowing for reshaping the three dimensional structure of the connective tissue. Myxoid structures are certainly promoting recurrence either via excessive secretion of hyaluronic acids or unknown mechanisms. The undisputed fact is the presence of myxoid structures in all our reported recurrent cases. Both inflammatory cascade and endothelial proliferation have no vital role in the recurrence according to our morphometric results. Finally, PAS stain should give more details in examining PGs than the other recruited counterparts.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Keywords: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Recurrent pyogenic granuloma, PAS stain, Myxoid structures, Etiopathogensis</span></p><p class="keywords"> </p>

scholarly journals University Students Attitudes: Croatia Versus Turkey

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Norman V. Schnurr ◽  
Stanko Racic ◽  
Tomislav Gelo
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Business School ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Future Business

We surveyed Croatian and Turkish business school students, from universities emphasizing globalization, to analyze whether consideration for travel to the USA is affected by attitude toward their own country and the USA The results from comparing and contrasting differences between these countries and differences between males and females in each country - and their counterparts in the other country - may also give an outlook to future business relationships between the USA and these countries. Based on a t-test, Croatian students ratings of the USA were significantly more positive, but there was no statistically significant difference in expectations to travel to the USA.

scholarly journals Implemented PWIM in Developing Students’ Communicative Competence of SMK Islam Wijaya Kusuma Jakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Siti Nurani ◽  
Amrina Rosyada
Keyword(s):  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Simple Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experiment Method ◽  
Post Test

The research aimed at determining the significant effect of implemented Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) in developing students’ communicative competence in SMK Islam Wijaya Kusuma Jakarta. The students’ communicative competence was measured quantitatively by conducting the experiment method. There were 47 of the eleventh-grade students as samples chosen randomly by using purposive sampling technique. The data were performed by using the test instrument with two groups on post-test design; one group became the experiment class and the other group became the control class. The questionnaire was assigned to students at the end of the lesson. The post-poster cycle assessment was given as a basis of measurement in analyzing students’ communicative competence. The data were analyzed by using t-test two tailed formula to find out the significant difference of each class of the sample (simple effect). Findings have shown that there is a significant effect of using PWIM to students’ communicative competence which is reflected from the enhancement of students’ comprehension toward the pronunciation, fluency, grammar, vocabulary as well as the increase of their motivation and creativity experiencing thelearning process more communicatively.

scholarly journals Investigation of personality traits and self-esteem levels of substance user and non user adolescents based on certain socio-demographic variablesMadde kullanan ve kullanmayan ergenlerin kişilik özellikleri ve benlik saygısı düzeylerinin sosyo-demografik değişkenlere göre incelenmesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 4100
Author(s):  
Zöhre Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of the present study is to examine personality traits and self-esteem levels of a total number of 124 adolescents aging between 14 and 20 (62 adolescents who are using substance and 62 adolescents who are not using any substance) are compared based on certain socio-demographic variables. Five-Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire (RSEQ) are used in order to collect data. For the comparison of two groups, t-test is used if the data was normally distributed, and Mann-Whitney U Test was used when normality assumptions were not met. When there are more than two groups, for normally distribute variables One-way ANOVA, and when normality assumptions were not met, Kruskal-Wallis Test were used. According to the findings, girls who are using substance had lower levels of conscientiousness compared to girls who are not using any substance. For boys, they had lower scores for extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience and higher levels of neuroticism if they are using some substance compared to the ones who are not using any substance. When age is taken into consideration, the results indicated that substance using adolescents between 17-20 had higher agreeableness scores compared to the substance using adolescents aged between 14-16. On the other hand, no significant differences were found for adolescents who are not using any substance. Moreover, there were not any significant differences based on the age onset of substance use and immigration status. For self-esteem, boys who are using substance had lower levels compared to the boys who are not using substance. There was no significant difference for the girls based on self-esteem. Results were discussed in the light of literature and implications were proposed.  ÖzetBu çalışmada, 14-20 yaş arasında, 62 madde kullanan ve 62 madde kullanmayan olmak üzere toplam 124 ergenin kişilik özellikleri ile benlik saygısı düzeylerinin bazı sosyo-demografik değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, Beş Faktör Kişilik Envanteri (5FKE) ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Analizlerde bağımsız iki grup karşılaştırılırken "t testi" ve normal teori varsayımlarının sağlanmadığı durumlarda ise "Mann-Whitney U Testi" kullanılmıştır. İkiden fazla grubun olduğu durumlar için "Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi ( One-Way ANOVA)" ve normal teori varsayımlarının sağlanmadığı durumlarda ise Kruskal-Wallis Testi"’ nden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, madde kullanan kızların özdenetim/sorumluluk puanlarının madde kullanmayan kızlardan daha düşük olduğu; madde kullanan erkeklerin dışadönüklük, yumuşakbaşlılık, özdenetim/sorumluluk ve gelişime açıklık puanlarının madde kullanmayan erkeklerden daha düşük, duygusal tutarsızlık puanlarının ise daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Yaş değişkenine göre bakıldığında, 17-20 yaş arasındaki madde kullanan ergenlerin yumuşakbaşlılık puanının 14-16 yaş arasındaki ergenlerden yüksek olduğu, madde kullanmayan ergenlerin yaş faktörüne göre kişilik özelliklerinin anlamlı farklılık göstermediği saptanmıştır. Maddeye başlama yaşına göre, madde kullanan ergenlerin kişilik özelliklerinin farklılaşmadığı aynı zamanda madde kullanan ve kullanmayan ergenlerin göç değişkenine göre kişilik özelliklerinin anlamlı farklılık göstermediği bulunmuştur. Benlik saygısı açısından incelendiğinde, madde kullanan ve kullanmayan kızların benlik saygılarının farklılaşmadığı; madde kullanan erkeklerin benlik saygılarının madde kullanmayan erkeklerden daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Ulaşılan sonuçlar ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılarak öneriler sunulmuştur.

scholarly journals Leaders Of Entrepreneurship And Motivation Effect On Employee Satisfaction At PT. Panarub Industry Tangerang

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Hamdan Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Employee Job Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Motivation Effect ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership on job satisfaction,Entreuprunersip and motivation of employees at PT. Panarub Industry Tangeranang. This study used a descriptive questionnaire (questionnaire), which were distributed to 77 (seventy-seven) a sample of respondents of this study, the data come from populations that are normally distributed and have the same variance.The method used is descriptive method that aims to elaborate or provide an overview of the properties or characteristics of a particular phenomenon, and methods of verification or causal to analyze the relationships between the other variables or the way the other vaiabel using statistics.Data collection techniques using a questionnaire with Likert scale measurement. Determination of the sample based on the sample is saturated. Test Instrument with the data analysis and hypothesis testing.Based on the research and statistical calculations, it is known that resgresi linear equation Y = 14.885 + 0.614X1+0.053X2, the correlation coefficient R = 0.723, while the coefficient of determination is seen from R Square = 0.522 means that leadership and motivation of independent variables in explaining the dependent variable 52.2% of the remaining 47.8% is influenced by other factors such as work culture, discipline, work environment, etc. are not included in this study. And There is a significant relationship between leadership and motivation on job satisfaction of employees at PT. Panarub Industry Tangerang in the t test, the results obtained t test > t table (4,281> 1,992) it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between leadership entreupreunership (X1) and motivation (X2) on employee job satisfaction (Y) on PT. Panarub Industry Tangerang. Keywords: Leadership Entreupreunership, Motivation and Job Satisfaction

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Water Quality Assessment of Dumate Al-Jandal Lake (KSA) Using Environmetric Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 412-437
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sharif Al-Sheraideh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Lake Management ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Comparison ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Environmentally, the objective of the study conducted in evaluating the spatiotemporal water quality asessment using some statistical techniques. Physicochemical characteristics determination applied on Dumate al-Jandal Lake, whether the analysis of water quality is good for agricultural irrigation or other ecosystem services.  Sampling and measurements were taken weekly at five sites started from February 2009 to January 2011. Descriptive analysis as well as the 95% confidence intervals, Wilks’ Lambda Statistics, MANOVA and ANOVA showed no presence of significant difference at the level of p < 0.05 among seasons and between sites, except the mean effect only for some parameter like Iron on the physiochemical parameters whereas a significant difference among the mean of physiochemical characteristics of water data to sites for the parameters like pH and nitrate, while there are no differences among the mean of physiochemical characteristics of water data of sites for the other parameters. Multiple comparison t-test shows the differences between means Sites of (1, 3) and (2, 5) as well as between (3) and (5) for the parameter pH.  Results showed a significant difference at (p < 0.05) between the means of Site (1) and all Sites (3, 4 and 5) as well as between Site (2) and (3) for nitrate,  but a significant difference at (p < 0.05)  among the mean associated with seasons for temperature, electrical conductivity, specific density, sulphate, nitrite, ammonia, chloride, total hardness, total alkalinity, manganese, magnesium and calcium hardness, while there are no differences among the mean of seasons for the other parameters. Whereas results of multiple comparison t-test showed that a differences between the means of season (i) and season (j), for each parameter. The study concluded that some of physicochemical parameters were reflected the presence of pollutants and absence of good ecosystem activities. To avoid seasonal pollution, water lake management are recommended.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Performance of Eigenface, Fisherface, and Local Binary Pattern Histogram-Based Facial Recognition Methods under Various Weather Conditions

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Md Manjurul Ahsan ◽  
Yueqing Li ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Md Tanvir Ahad ◽  
Kishor Datta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Time Complexity ◽  
Local Binary Pattern ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Face Datasets ◽  
Pattern Histogram

Facial recognition (FR) in unconstrained weather is still challenging and surprisingly ignored by many researchers and practitioners over the past few decades. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the performance of three existing popular facial recognition methods considering different weather conditions. As a result, a new face dataset (Lamar University database (LUDB)) was developed that contains face images captured under various weather conditions such as foggy, cloudy, rainy, and sunny. Three very popular FR methods—Eigenface (EF), Fisherface (FF), and Local binary pattern histogram (LBPH)—were evaluated considering two other face datasets, AT&T and 5_Celebrity, along with LUDB in term of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score with 95% confidence interval (CI). Computational results show a significant difference among the three FR techniques in terms of overall time complexity and accuracy. LBPH outperforms the other two FR algorithms on both LUDB and 5_Celebrity datasets by achieving 40% and 95% accuracy, respectively. On the other hand, with minimum execution time of 1.37, 1.37, and 1.44 s per image on AT&T,5_Celebrity, and LUDB, respectively, Fisherface achieved the best result.

scholarly journals [Interaction Factors with Al-Quran in The Appreciation Process of Students’ Religious Lives in Ukm ] Faktor Interaksi dengan al-Quran dalam Proses Penghayatan Kehidupan Beragama Pelajar-Pelajar UKM

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Hasnan Kasan ◽  
Mohd Fadzhil Mustafa ◽  
Siti Sarah Haimi ◽  
Umar Faruk
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interaction Factors ◽  
The Mean

Al-Quran has elements of therapy to offer peace in daily life. Furthermore, the miracle of al-Quran via its sacred verses is able to treat the physical and spiritual illness. This miracle was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad as the Muslim holy book that is much different than any other books. However, the main concern to various parties, particularly among the students, is the neglect of interaction with al-Quran intensively. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the level of the UKM students’ internalization towards al-Quran and the differences among them in interacting with al-Quran. This study applied quantitative method and the findings were presented descriptively based on frequency and t-test analyses. The study concluded that the interaction between sub-factors believe and practice showed high mean score, while the mean scores of the other six sub-factors of interaction with al-Quran were found to tend to be higher. Further, the t-test showed a significant difference between genders in terms of interaction with al-Quran. Key Words: Miracle of al-Qur'an, interaction with al-Quran, internalization, religious life.   Al-Quran sebenarnya mempunyai unsur terapi bagi mendapatkan ketenangan dalam kehidupan seharian. Malah mukjizat al-Quran melalui ayat-ayat sucinya mampu merawat penyakit-penyakit zahir dan batin. Mukjizat ini telah diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW sebagai kitab suci umat Islam yang jauh berbeza dengan kitab-kitab lain. Namun, kenyataan yang sering membimbangkan banyak pihak khususnya terhadap para pelajar ialah pengabaian daripada sudut interaksi dengan al-Quran secara intensif. Justeru, kajian ini berusaha menjelaskan sejauh mana penghayatan para pelajar lelaki dan perempuan di UKM serta perbezaan di antara mereka dalam interaksi dengan al-Quran. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan dapatan dipersembahkan secara deskriptif berasaskan ujian frekuensi dan ujian-t. Hasil kajian merumuskan bahawa sub faktor interaksi beriman dan mengamalkan menunjukkan nilai skor min yang tinggi, manakala enam sub faktor daripada interaksi dengan al-Quran berada pada skor min cenderung tinggi. Seterusnya, keputusan ujian-t menunjukkan perbezaan interaksi dengan al-Quran yang signifikan antara pelajar lelaki dan pelajar perempuan.   Kata kunci: Mukjizat al-Quran, interaksi dengan al-Quran, penghayatan, kehidupan beragama.

Resistência à compressão de compósitos de preenchimento único

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (46) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Ricardo Huver de Jesus ◽  
Pâmela Rodrigues Pires ◽  
Raquel Cavallini Silva ◽  
Suyanni Chieppe dos Santos Manfioletti ◽  
Carlos Frederico Bettcher Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
T Test ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Polymerization Time ◽  
New Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Cavities

A new class of composite resins called single fill resins (Bulk-Fill) was proposed to simplify restorative procedures. They allow filling dental cavities in layers of approximately 4mm. This study aims to compare the compression strength of single fill composites with different polymerization times. Four Bulk-Fill composites were used Filtek Bulk-Fill, Filtek Bulk-Fill Flow, Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill, and Tetric N-Flow Bulk-Fill, and also a conventional composite Filtek Z350 XT as a control group. One hundred cylinders were manufactured in a matrix with 4.7mm diameter and 4mm height for Bulk-Fill compounds, and 2mm height for the control group. Half of the specimens of each material was photopolymerized for 10 seconds and the other half for 20 seconds (n = 10). The samples were stored in distilled water for 48 hours at 37°C and subjected to compression testing in a universal test machine. Variance analysis was performed with t-test of multiple comparisons between groups and student t-test for the different polymerization times with significance index p=0.05. The results did not show statistically significant difference in relation to polymerization time. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the control and Filtek Bulk-Fill Flow groups, which presented higher strenght to compression than the Filltek Bulk-Fill, Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill, and Tetric N-Flow Bulk-Fill groups. The type of resin can influence its resistance to fracture. The polymerization time did not have any influence in the materials strength.

scholarly journals Ukuran mesiodistal dan servikoinsisal gigi insisivus sentralis suku Bugis, Makassar, dan Toraja tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna Size of mesiodistal and cervicoincisal maxillary central incisors between Buginese, Makassarese, and Torajanese showed no significant difference

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Irene Edith Rieuwpassa ◽  
Nurlindah Hamrun ◽  
Fitrian Riksavianti
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Average Size

Every tribe and race has size of tooth mesiodistal and cervicoincisal different from each other. The most obviousdifference is the size of the teeth between female and male. This study aimed to determine differences in size ofmesiodistal and cervicoincisal maxillary central incisors between male and female of Buginese, Makassarese andTorajanese. The sample consisted of 30 Buginese, 30 Makassarese, and 30 Torajanese aged frem 18-25 years-old.After impression of the upper and lower jaw was taken, and size of mesiodistal and cervicoincisal tooth weremeasured. After the data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA test, it appears that males have a larger size thanfemales. Makassarese has the longest mesiodistal size (8.41 mm), Buginese has the longest cervicoincisal size (9.83mm), whereas Torajanese has the smallest size of mesiodistal and cervicoincisal among the other tribes. It was concluded that the average sizes of mesiodistal and cervicoincisal of maxillary central incisors showed no significantdifference. While there are significant differences in the average size of the mesiodistal and cervicoincisal maxillarycentral incisors between the males and females, and based on tribe lines.

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