scholarly journals A Novel Eco-Friendly Wood Adhesive Composed by Sucrose and Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyuan Zhao ◽  
Shin Hayashi ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Zhihui Wu ◽  
Soichi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Wood Adhesive ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Thermal Thresholds ◽  
Bonding Properties ◽  
Ft Ir

Development of a bio-based wood adhesive is a significant goal for several wood-based material industries. In this study, a novel adhesive based upon sucrose and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) was formulated in hopes of furthering this industrial goal through realization of a sustainable adhesive with mechanical properties and water resistance comparable to the synthetic resins used today. Finished particleboards exhibited excellent mechanical properties and water resistance at the revealed optimal adhesive conditions. In fact, the board properties fulfilled in principle the requirements of JIS A 5908 18 type standard, however this occured at production conditions for the actual state of development as reported here, which are still different to usual industrial conditions. Thermal analysis revealed addition of ADP resulted in decreases to the thermal thresholds associated with degradation and curing of sucrose. Spectral results of FT-IR elucidated that furanic ring chemistry was involved during adhesive curing. A possible polycondensation reaction pathway was proposed from this data in an attempt to explain why the adhesive exhibited such favorable bonding properties.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Sucrose and Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (SADP) Adhesive for Plywood

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyuan Zhao ◽  
Shijing Sun ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Caoxing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Wood Adhesive ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
High Solid ◽  
Low Viscosity

The development of eco-friendly adhesives for wood composite products has been a major topic in the field of wood science and product engineering. Although the research on tannin-based and soybean protein-based adhesives has already reached, or at least nears, industrial implementation, we also face a variety of remaining challenges with regards to the push for sustainable adhesives. First, petroleum-derived substances remain a pre-requisite for utilization of said adhesive systems, and also the viscosity of these novel adhesives continues to limit its ability to serve as a drop-in substitute. Within this study, we focus upon the development of an eco-friendly plywood adhesive that does not require any addition of petroleum derived reagents, and the resultant liquid adhesive has both high solid contents as well as a manageably low viscosity at processing temperatures. Specifically, a system based on sucrose and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) was synthesized into an adhesive with ~80% solid content and with viscosities ranging from 480–1270 mPa·s. The bonding performance of all adhesive-bound veneer specimens satisfied GB/T 9846-2015 standard at 170 °C hot pressing temperature. To better explain the system’s efficiency, in-depth chemical analysis was performed in an effort to understand the chemical makeup of the cured adhesives as well as the components over the time course of curing. Several new structures involving the fixation of nitrogen speak to a novel adhesive molecular network. This research provides a possibility of synthesizing an eco-friendly wood adhesive with a high solid content and a low viscosity by renewable materials, and this novel adhesive system has the potential to be widely utilized in the wood industry.

scholarly journals Enhancement of maltodextrin-based adhesive properties using ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 891 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
G K Dewi ◽  
R Widyorini ◽  
G Lukmandaru
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Furan Ring ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Highest Weight

Abstract Maltodextrin is a new saccharide-based adhesive that can be potentially developed as an alternative for particleboard due to its abundant resources. The addition of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) was expected to be able to improve the properties of the maltodextrin, especially the water resistance of the cured adhesive. This study aimed to investigate the properties of maltodextrin/ADP adhesive in the ratios of 100/0, 90/10 and 80/20 wt%. The results showed that the increasing ratio of ADP in maltodextrin-based adhesive can increase not only the insoluble matter rate during boiling condition, but also the other adhesive properties of maltodextrin by lowering the viscosity and increasing the wettability tested in salacca frond particles. The pH adhesive decreased along with the increased ADP ratio. Oneway analysis of variance and Tukey test showed that the maltodextrin/ADP ratios significantly affected the adhesive properties. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of dried mixture adhesive showed the significant changes in the onset and the highest weight reduction temperature of maltodextrin after the ADP addition. The FTIR analysis detected some new peaks that were expected to be related to furan ring and carbonyl groups after the maltodextrin/ADP 90/10 and 80/20 wt% were heated at 200°C for 10 minutes and/or 15 minutes. Maltodextrin/ADP 80/20 wt% had the best adhesive properties for particleboard application.

Effect of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (ADP) Addition as Catalyst on the Curing Maltodextrin Adhesives Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Greitta Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Ragil Widyorini ◽  
Ganis Lukmandaru
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
High Water ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Endotherm Peak

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) is expected to be an effective catalyst to increase the water-resistance and hasten the curing speed of maltodextrin as wood adhesives. This research investigated the effect of ADP addition on the curing maltodextrin properties. The ratio of maltodextrin/ADP was 100/0 and 90/10 wt%. The heat treatment was 180-220 °C for 10 min. The water-resistance improvement and the chemical changes were analyzed using insoluble matter rate against boiling water and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, respectively. The thermal behavior of the dried mixture of adhesives was also analyzed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis at room temperature until 400 °C. The results showed that the water-resistance properties of maltodextrin increased with the addition of 10 wt% ADP and increasing the heating temperature. FTIR analysis detected a high water-resistant substance of furan in the adhesives with maltodextrin/ADP ratio 90/10 wt% and heat treatment of 220 °C for 10 min. DSC analysis showed that ADP addition can hasten the reaction of maltodextrin as the endotherm peak temperature was shifted from 272 to 204 °C.

scholarly journals Influence of organic dopants (L-alanine and L-arginine) on structural, spectroscopic and thermal properties of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate crystal

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.D. Parikh ◽  
J.H. Joshi ◽  
M.J. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Second Harmonic Generation Efficiency ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Adp Crystal ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Organic Dopants ◽  
Pump Lasers

AbstractAmmonium dihydrogen phosphate is a popular nonlinear optical crystal used for second harmonic generation efficiency improvement in pump lasers. Due to molecular chirality and zwitterionic structure, amino acids are used to enhance various properties of ADP crystal. The single crystals of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) added with different concentrations (0.3 wt.%, 0.4 wt.% and 0.5 wt.%) of amino acids (L-alanine and L-arginine) impurities were grown using slow evaporation solution growth (SESG) technique at room temperature. To study the structural properties, powder XRD study was carried out which revealed that all the grown crystals have tetragonal structural symmetry. The presence of various functional groups was confirmed using FT-IR spectroscopy. The thermal spectra (TGA/DTA/DSC) were recorded for all grown samples to determine their decomposition. Also kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined from the thermal study.

scholarly journals A Study on the Improvement of Using Raw Lacquer and Electrospinning on Properties of PVP Nanofilms

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Kunlin Wu ◽  
Ding Zhang ◽  
Minghua Liu ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
Bing-Chiuan Shiu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Universal Material Testing Machine ◽  
Material Testing Machine ◽  
Electronic Microscope ◽  
Raw Lacquer

Raw lacquer (RL), ethanol being used as the solvent, was added to polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and then electrospun into RL/PVP nanofilms. Manufacturing parameters such as RL/PVP ratio, voltage, flow velocity, needle type, and the distance between syringe and the collection board were systematically investigated. A scanning electronic microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of nanofilms; the block drop method was used to measure the water contact angle; the mechanical properties of RL/PVP nanofilms of different proportions were tested by universal material testing machine; and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to characterize the structure. Based on the water resistance and acid resistance measurements, the proposed nanofilms demonstrated to be water and acid resistant were successfully produced. The results show that PVP that melts in water becomes incompatible with water after adding raw lacquer, and the acid resistance is greatly improved. Furthermore, the smaller the fiber diameter, the better the mechanical properties of the nanofilms are under low ratio of RL/PVP. With a high proportion of RL/PVP, the inner structure of the nanofilm is denser, and the water resistance and acid resistance are better. The dense structure can protect the inner material of the nanofilms.

scholarly journals Enhancing properties of PC/PA blends via compatibilization of olefin-maleic-anhydride copolymer based additives in masterbatch form

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kovács ◽  
L. Simon-Stőger ◽  
B. Heller ◽  
Cs. Varga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Polymer Blending ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Maleic Anhydride Copolymer ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

AbstractPolymer blending has been a simple and efficient way for designing and controlling the performance of polymeric materials using easily available types. Both polycarbonate and polyamide have excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability but their disadvantages such as limited chemical or water resistance can be eliminate by tailoring them. Main difficulties in processing of PC/PA blends are the poor compatibility and high moisture adsorption capacity of the two raw materials complicating processing and also deteriorating mechanical properties of the products. Compatibilizing additives such as olefin-maleic-anhydride copolymer based compounds used in the experimental work can help to overcome the abovementioned difficulties. To determine the processing conditions of the raw materials several drying temperatures have been tested and thermal degradation has been examined by FT-IR spectroscopy. Experimental compatibilizing additives based on an olefin-maleic-anhydride copolymer have been investigated to enhance mechanical properties of the blends prepared by extrusion moulding. Mechanical, rheological, SEM and FT-IR measurements have been performed and at least one additive has been found to be efficient in improving selected properties.

scholarly journals Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from Petung bamboo using sucrose-based adhesive

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5072-5086
Author(s):  
Ragil Widyorini
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Lignocellulosic Material ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Pressing Temperature ◽  
Composition Ratio ◽  
Composition Ratios

Bamboo is a potential non-wood lignocellulosic material from which to make particleboard. Sucrose-based adhesive is another potential ingredient, but its use in particleboard has been limited. Addition of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) can be used to increase the bonding ability of sucrose-based adhesive and to reduce the required pressing temperature. Therefore, this research used different pressing temperatures and sucrose/ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) composition ratios to optimize the properties of particleboards. The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were analyzed and compared with the JIS A 5908 (2003) standard for particleboard. The results showed that the interaction of the sucrose-ADP composition ratio and the pressing temperature significantly affected the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards. The particleboard using only sucrose as adhesive had optimum properties at 200 °C; however, after addition of ADP, the intended properties could be achieved at a 160 °C pressing temperature.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Chloroprene/Natural/Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposite Properties Using Organoclays and Their Combination with Carbon Black as Fillers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Patricia Castaño-Rivera ◽  
Isabel Calle-Holguín ◽  
Johanna Castaño ◽  
Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas ◽  
Karen Galvez-Garrido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber

Organoclay nanoparticles (Cloisite® C10A, Cloisite® C15) and their combination with carbon black (N330) were studied as fillers in chloroprene/natural/butadiene rubber blends to prepare nanocomposites. The effect of filler type and load on the physical mechanical properties of nanocomposites was determined and correlated with its structure, compatibility and cure properties using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and rheometric analysis. Physical mechanical properties were improved by organoclays at 5–7 phr. Nanocomposites with organoclays exhibited a remarkable increase up to 46% in abrasion resistance. The improvement in properties was attributed to good organoclay dispersion in the rubber matrix and to the compatibility between them and the chloroprene rubber. Carbon black at a 40 phr load was not the optimal concentration to interact with organoclays. The present study confirmed that organoclays can be a reinforcing filler for high performance applications in rubber nanocomposites.

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