Improved Aging Stability of Ethylene-Norbornene Composites Filled with Lawsone-Based Hybrid Pigment

In this study, we produced a new organic-inorganic hybrid pigment based on a natural chromophore. Lawsone was selected as the active organic compound and incorporated into aluminum-magnesium hydroxycarbonate (LH). The hydroxynaphthoquinone derivative lawsone (Lawsonia inermis L.) is a naturally occurring dye, which is commonly used as a colorant because of its nontoxicity and biological functions. The structure and stability of the hybrid colorant were investigated using 27-Al solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. TOF-SIMS and 27Al NMR spectroscopy revealed interactions between the dye molecules and metal ions present in the LH host, confirming successful formation of an LH-based hybrid (LH/lawsone). In the next part of the study, we examined the effect of the hybrid pigment on the mechanical and thermal properties of ethylene-norbornene (EN) materials, as well as the aging resistance of the colored composites to irradiation across the full solar spectrum. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the results of tensile break tests revealed that the EN+LH/lawsone composite had significantly better resistance to solar irradiation in comparison to EN and EN with an unmodified carrier.

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Enhancement of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone Blends by Hydrophilic Nanoclay

Indian Journal of Materials Science ◽

10.1155/2013/816503 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Chern Chiet Eng ◽

Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽

Norhazlin Zainuddin ◽

Hidayah Ariffin ◽

Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Basal Spacing ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

The Matrix ◽

Thermal Stability Of

The effects of hydrophilic nanoclay, Nanomer PGV, on mechanical properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Polycaprolactone (PCL) blends were investigated and compared with hydrophobic clay, Montmorillonite K10. The PLA/PCL/clay composites were prepared by melt intercalation technique and the composites were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectra indicated that formation of hydrogen bond between hydrophilic clay with the matrix. XRD results show that shifting of basal spacing when clay incorporated into polymer matrix. TEM micrographs reveal the formation of agglomerate in the composites. Based on mechanical properties results, addition of clay Nanomer PGV significantly enhances the flexibility of PLA/PCL blends about 136.26%. TGA showed that the presence of clay improve thermal stability of blends. DMA show the addition of clay increase storage modulus and the presence of clay Nanomer PGV slightly shift two Tg of blends become closer suggest that the presence of clay slightly compatibilizer the PLA/PCL blends. SEM micrographs revealed that presence of Nanomer PGV in blends influence the miscibility of the blends. The PLA/PCL blends become more homogeneous and consist of single phase morphology.

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Characterization and Structure–Property Relationships of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Composites Based on Aluminum–Magnesium Hydroxycarbonate and Azo Chromophore

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24050880 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 880 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Anna Marzec ◽

Bolesław Szadkowski ◽

Jacek Rogowski ◽

Waldemar Maniukiewicz ◽

Marian Zaborski

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Azo Dye ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Structure Property ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Tof Sims ◽

Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Ion

In this study, novel organic–inorganic composites were prepared by the complexation of dicarboxylic azo dye (AD) with aluminum–magnesium hydroxycarbonate (AlMg–LH). This procedure provides an effective method for the stabilization of dicarboxylic organic chromophores on an AlMg−LH host. The structures of the hybrid composites were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), 27-Al solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The TOF-SIMS method was applied to investigate the metal–dye interactions and to monitor the thermal stability of the organic–inorganic complexes. Secondary ion mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of a characteristic peak for C18H10O5N2Mg22+, indicating that both carboxylic groups interacted with AlMg−LH by forming complexes with two Mg2+ ions. Modification with hybrid pigments affected the crystal structure of the AlMg−LH mineral, as shown by the appearance of new peaks on the X-ray diffraction patterns. Adsorption of the dicarboxylic chromophore not only led to significantly enhanced solvent resistance but also improved the thermal and photostability of the hybrid pigments. We propose a possible arrangement of the azo dye in the inorganic matrix, as well as the presumed mechanism of stabilization.

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Construction of Mechanically Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyurethane from Carbon Dioxide-Based Poly(ether carbonate) Polyols via Coordination Cross-Linking

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13162765 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 2765

Author(s):

Gaosheng Gu ◽

Jincheng Dong ◽

Zhongyu Duan ◽

Binyuan Liu

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis ◽

Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Dynamic Mechanical ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Vis Spectroscopy

Using carbon dioxide-based poly(propylene ether carbonate) diol (PPCD), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dimethylolbutyric acid (DMBA), ferric chloride (FeCl3), and ethylene glycol (EG) as the main raw materials, a novel thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is prepared through coordination of FeCl3 and DMBA to obtain TPU containing coordination enhancement directly. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, UV−Vis spectroscopy, tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis were explored to characterize chemical structures and mechanical properties of as-prepared TPU. With the increasing addition of FeCl3, the tensile strength and modulus of TPU increase. Although the elongation at break decreases, it still maintains a high level. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows that the glass-transition temperature moves to a high temperature gradually along with the increasing addition of FeCl3. X-ray diffraction results indicate that TPUs reinforced with FeCl3 or not are amorphous polymers. That FeCl3 coordinates with DMBA first is an effective strategy of getting TPU, which is effective and convenient in the industry without the separation of intermediate products. This work confirms that such Lewis acids as FeCl3 can improve and adjust the properties of TPU contenting coordination structures with an in-situ reaction in a low addition amount, which expands their applications in industry and engineering areas.

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Photocatalytic Degradation of Cefixime Trihydrate by Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma15010213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 213

Author(s):

Ammara Nazir ◽

Shoomaila Latif ◽

Syed Farooq Adil ◽

Mufsir Kuniyil ◽

Muhammad Imran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combustion Synthesis ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Bismuth Ferrite ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽

Solar Irradiation ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Different Types ◽

Photoluminescence Studies

The present work was carried out to synthesize bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles by combustion synthesis, and to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of synthesized bismuth ferrite nanoparticles against cefixime trihydrate. BFO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using bismuth (III) nitrate and iron (III) nitrate by a combustion synthesis method employing different types of fuels such as maltose, succinic acid, cinnamic acid, and lactose. The effects of the different types of fuels on the morphology and size of the bismuth ferrite nanoparticles were investigated. Characterization of the as-obtained bismuth ferrite nanoparticles was carried out by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), N2-sorption analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. Photoluminescence studies were also carried out for the various bismuth ferrite nanoparticles obtained. Degradation of cefixime trihydrate was investigated under sunlight to evaluate the photocatalytic properties of the bismuth ferrite nanoparticles, and it was found that the bismuth ferrite nanoparticles followed first-order degradation kinetics in solar irradiation in the degradation of antibiotic, cefixime trihydrate.

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Impact of Acidity Profile on Nascent Polyaniline in the Modified Rapid Mixing Process—Material Electrical Conductivity and Morphological Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13225108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 5108

Author(s):

Sylwia Golba ◽

Magdalena Popczyk ◽

Seweryn Miga ◽

Justyna Jurek-Suliga ◽

Maciej Zubko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Rapid Mixing ◽

Local Ordering ◽

Synthetic Procedure ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

The Difference ◽

Xrd Patterns ◽

Secondary Ion

Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized chemically with the modified rapid mixing protocol in the presence of sulfuric acid of various concentrations. A two-step synthetic procedure was utilized maintaining low-temperature conditions. Application of the modified rapid mixing protocol allowed obtaining a material with local ordering. A higher concentration of acid allowed obtaining a higher yield of the reaction. Structural characterization performed with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed the vibration bands characteristic of the formation of the emeraldine salt in both products. Ultraviolet–visible light (UV–Vis) spectroscopy was used for the polaronic band and the p–p* band determination. The absorption result served to estimate the average oxidation level of PANI by comparison of the ratio of the absorbance of the polaronic band to that of the π–π* transition. The absorbance ratio index was higher for PANI synthesized in a more acidic solution, which showed a higher doping level for this polymer. For final powder products, particle size distributions were also estimated, proving that PANI (5.0 M) is characterized by a larger number of small particles; however, these particles can more easily agglomerate and form larger structures. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed an equilibrium between the amorphous and semicrystalline phase in the doped PANI. A higher electrical conductivity value was measured for polymer synthesized in a higher acid concentration. The time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analysis showed that the molecular composition of the polymers was the same; hence, the difference in properties was a result of local ordering.

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Enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of CTAB-functionalized graphene oxide–polyphenylene sulfide composites

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1177/0954008316663810 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (8) ◽

pp. 889-898 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Qi Liu ◽

Wei Luo ◽

Yang Chen ◽

Huawei Zou ◽

Mei Liang

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Polymer Chains ◽

Polyphenylene Sulfide ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽

Modified Graphene Oxide ◽

Modified Graphene

Polymer nanocomposites based on polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and graphene oxide (GO) modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were prepared. The properties of CTAB-modified graphene oxide (CGO) were investigated by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Results indicated that the ordered structure of GO was impaired by the introduction of CTAB and increased interlayer distance was found for CGO due to the intercalation of CTAB. Mechanical tests revealed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of 0.1 wt% CGO/PPS composite were 45.4% and 171.8%, respectively, higher than that of pure PPS matrix, which could be attributed to the entanglement of polymer chains between CTAB and PPS polymer chains. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature ( Tg) of PPS matrix was enhanced due to the addition of CGO and the Tg of 0.5 wt% CGO/PPS composite increased about 10°C higher than pure PPS. In addition, the thermal stability of PPS had significant improvement according to the results of thermogravimetric analysis. The residual mass of 0.5 wt% CGO/PPS composite at 800°C was 1.22 times higher than that of pure PPS.

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The Optical, Structural and Thermal Properties of Transparent Poly (Methylmethacrylate)/Cellulose Acetate Phthalate Blend

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.398.98 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 398 ◽

pp. 98-105

Author(s):

Harith Hasoon Al-Moameri ◽

Mohammed Ali Abdulrehman ◽

Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Visible Region ◽

Ultraviolet Rays ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Cellulose Acetate Phthalate ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Vis Spectroscopy

Miscible transparent blend consist of poly (methylmethacrylate) with cellulose acetate phthalate was prepared in order to get more transparent blend for ultraviolet rays. The blend was prepared by melt-blending and examined using UV-VIS spectroscopy. The structural, mechanical and thermal properties of selected samples were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermos-gravimetric analysis. The UV-VIS spectrum exhibited the best blend ratio which has low absorbency to ultraviolet rays, On the other hand, high optical transparency within visible region. The results also showed that the blend has an amorphous structure as X-ray diffraction diffractogram. Moreover, thermal stability happened with the presence of cellulose acetate phthalate in the blend.

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Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules27010006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Juan López-López ◽

Armando Tejeda-Ochoa ◽

Ana López-Beltrán ◽

José Herrera-Ramírez ◽

Perla Méndez-Herrera

Keyword(s):

Lentinula Edodes ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽

Solar Irradiation ◽

Tagetes Erecta ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Vis Spectroscopy ◽

Aggregate Shape

In this work, the assessment of Azadirachta indica, Tagetes erecta, Chrysanthemum morifolium, and Lentinula edodes extracts as catalysts for the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed. The photocatalytic properties of ZnO NPs were investigated by the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under sunlight irradiation. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET) were used for the characterization of samples. The XRD results indicate that all synthesized nanoparticles have a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure, which was confirmed by TEM. Further, TEM analysis proved the formation of spherical and hemispherical nanoparticles of ZnO with a size in the range of 14–32 nm, which were found in aggregate shape; such a size was well below the size of the particles synthesized with no extract (~43 nm). ZnO NPs produced with Tagetes erecta and Lentinula edodes showed the best photocatalytic activity, matching with the maximum adsorbed MB molecules (45.41 and 58.73%, respectively). MB was completely degraded in 45 min using Tagetes erecta and 120 min using Lentinula edodes when subjected to solar irradiation.

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Applications of Time-OF-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100135149 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 308-309

Author(s):

Bruno Schueler ◽

Robert W. Odom

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Structural Information ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

Biological Tissues ◽

Polymer Surfaces ◽

Tof Sims ◽

Secondary Ions ◽

Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Ion

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) provides unique capabilities for elemental and molecular compositional analysis of a wide variety of surfaces. This relatively new technique is finding increasing applications in analyses concerned with determining the chemical composition of various polymer surfaces, identifying the composition of organic and inorganic residues on surfaces and the localization of molecular or structurally significant secondary ions signals from biological tissues. TOF-SIMS analyses are typically performed under low primary ion dose (static SIMS) conditions and hence the secondary ions formed often contain significant structural information.This paper will present an overview of current TOF-SIMS instrumentation with particular emphasis on the stigmatic imaging ion microscope developed in the authors’ laboratory. This discussion will be followed by a presentation of several useful applications of the technique for the characterization of polymer surfaces and biological tissues specimens. Particular attention in these applications will focus on how the analytical problem impacts the performance requirements of the mass spectrometer and vice-versa.

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Optics-Free Visualization of Proteins in Single Cells by Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Genetically Encoded Chemical Tags

10.26434/chemrxiv.12046125 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Feifei Jia ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Yanyan Zhang ◽

Qun Luo ◽

Luyu Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Single Cells ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

E Coli ◽

Tof Sims ◽

Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Tags ◽

Secondary Ion

In situ visualization of proteins of interest at single cell level is attractive in cell biology, molecular biology and biomedicine, which usually involves photon, electron or X-ray based imaging methods. Herein, we report an optics-free strategy that images a specific protein in single cells by time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) following genetic incorporation of fluorine-containing unnatural amino acids as a chemical tag into the protein via genetic code expansion technique. The method was developed and validated by imaging GFP in E. coli and human HeLa cancer cells, and then utilized to visualize the distribution of chemotaxis protein CheA in E. coli cells and the interaction between high mobility group box 1 protein and cisplatin damaged DNA in HeLa cells. The present work highlights the power of ToF-SIMS imaging combined with genetically encoded chemical tags for in situ visualization of proteins of interest as well as the interactions between proteins and drugs or drug damaged DNA in single cells.

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