scholarly journals Bacterial Nanocellulose—A Biobased Polymer for Active and Intelligent Food Packaging Applications: Recent Advances and Developments

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2209
Author(s):  
Karolina Ludwicka ◽  
Monika Kaczmarek ◽  
Aneta Białkowska
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Damage Indicators ◽  
Product Quality And Safety ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Further Development

The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent findings related to bacterial cellulose application in bio-packaging industry. This constantly growing sector fulfils a major role by the maintenance of product safety and quality, protection against environmental impacts that affect the shelf life. Conventional petroleum-based plastic packaging are still rarely recyclable and have a number of harmful environmental effects. Herein, we discuss the most recent studies on potential good alternative to plastic packaging—bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), known as an ecological, safe, biodegradable, and chemically pure biopolymer. The limitations of this bio-based packaging material, including relatively poor mechanical properties or lack of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, can be successfully overcome by its modification with a wide variety of bioactive and reinforcing compounds. BNC active and intelligent food packaging offer a new and innovative approach to extend the shelf life and maintain, improve, or monitor product quality and safety. Incorporation of different agents BNC matrices allows to obtain e.g., antioxidant-releasing films, moisture absorbers, antimicrobial membranes or pH, freshness and damage indicators, humidity, and other biosensors. However, further development and implementation of this kind of bio-packaging will highly depend on the final performance and cost-effectiveness for the industry and consumers.

Contamination of Flexible Pouches Challenged by Immersion Biotesting†

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 764-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA A. BLAKISTONE ◽  
SCOTT W. KELLER ◽  
JOSEPH E. MARCY ◽  
GEORGE H. LACY ◽  
CAMERON R. HACKNEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Pseudomonas Fragi ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Critical Defect ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Immersion Testing ◽  
Packaging Industry

Immersion biotesting has long been used to challenge packages, particularly cans, for pinholes and channel leaks. Such testing for all types of plastic packaging may not be appropriate because some packages (e.g., aseptic, hot fill) are not exposed to water. As the food-packaging industry develops alternative environmental biotests there is a need to benchmark them against traditional immersion testing. The purpose of this research was to examine the threshold of critical-defect dimensions using artifically created channel leaks of 10 and 20 μm and 5- and 10-mm lengths sealed into plastic pouches which were subsequently tested by immersion at 102 and 106 CFU of motile and nonmotile Pseudomonas fragi TM849 per ml. Forty-four percent (44%) of the pouches tested became contaminated, indicating the threshold defect value is below 10 μm. Microbial ingress was significant (P < .05) for motile test organisms with a concentration of 106 CFU/ml. The interaction of concentration and time was also significant at 102 CFU/ml at 30 min exposure and 106 CFU/ml at 15 min. Channel length was not statistically significant. The markedly greater contamination rate using immersion testing versus that of aerosol testing highlights the importance of using test methods that reflect environmental exposure conditions of the packages.

scholarly journals Functional Nanocellulose, Alginate and Chitosan Nanocomposites Designed as Active Film Packaging Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2523
Author(s):  
Gregor Lavrič ◽  
Ana Oberlintner ◽  
Inese Filipova ◽  
Uroš Novak ◽  
Blaž Likozar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽  
Water Barrier ◽  
And Function

 The aim of the study was to characterize and compare films made of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), nano-fibrils (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) in combination with chitosan and alginate in terms of applicability for potential food packaging applications. In total, 25 different formulations were made and evaluated, and seven biopolymer films with the best mechanical performance (tensile strength, strain)—alginate, alginate with 5% CNC, chitosan, chitosan with 3% CNC, BNC with and without glycerol, and CNF with glycerol—were selected and investigated regarding morphology (SEM), density, contact angle, surface energy, water absorption, and oxygen and water barrier properties. Studies revealed that polysaccharide-based films with added CNC are the most suitable for packaging purposes, and better dispersing of nanocellulose in chitosan than in alginate was observed. Results showed an increase in hydrophobicity (increase of contact angle and reduced moisture absorption) of chitosan and alginate films with the addition of CNC, and chitosan with 3% CNC had the highest contact angle, 108 ± 2, and 15% lower moisture absorption compared to pure chitosan. Overall, the ability of nanocellulose additives to preserve the structure and function of chitosan and alginate materials in a humid environment was convincingly demonstrated. Barrier properties were improved by combining the biopolymers, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) was reduced by 15–45% and oxygen permeability (OTR) up to 45% by adding nanocellulose compared to single biopolymer formulations. It was concluded that with a good oxygen barrier, a water barrier that is comparable to PLA, and good mechanical properties, biopolymer films would be a good alternative to conventional plastic packaging used for ready-to-eat foods with short storage time. 

scholarly journals Cactus Mucilage for Food Packaging Applications

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Gheribi ◽  
Khaoula Khwaldia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Plant Organ ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Cactus Mucilage

Natural polymers have been widely investigated for the development of eco-friendly materials. Among these bio-polymers, cactus mucilage is attracting increasing interest regardless of the plant species or the plant organ used for extraction. Mucilage, which is a highly branched heteropolysaccharide, has been previously studied for its chemical composition, structural features, and biotechnological applications. This review highlights the mucilage application in the food packaging industry, by developing films and coatings. These cactus-based biomaterials will be discussed for their functional properties and their potential in preserving food quality and extending shelf life.

scholarly journals Innovations in the food packaging market – intelligent packaging – a review  

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barska Anetta ◽  
Wyrwa Joanna
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Intelligent Packaging ◽  
Packaging Technology ◽  
Consumer Interest ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Fresh Products

The manufacturers have to provide modern and safe packaging due to the growing consumer interest in the consumption of fresh products with extended shelf-life and controlled quality. It is a challenge to the food packaging industry and it also acts as a driving force for the development of new and improved concepts of packaging technology. It is in order to meet these needs that intelligent packaging can be applied. This article presents a generation of packaging which allows maintaining and even improving the quality of the packaged product, which is an essential advantage particularly in the food industry. The most important advantage resulting from their use is a reduction in the loss of food products due to the extension of their shelf life.

Using watermark visibility measurements to select an optimized pair of spot colors for use in a binary watermark

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (15) ◽  
pp. 197-1-197-7
Author(s):  
Alastair Reed ◽  
Vlado Kitanovski ◽  
Kristyn Falkenstern ◽  
Marius Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Human Observer ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Complementary Color ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Spot Color ◽  
Selection Of

Spot colors are widely used in the food packaging industry. We wish to add a watermark signal within a spot color that is readable by a Point Of Sale (POS) barcode scanner which typically has red illumination. Some spot colors such as blue, black and green reflect very little red light and are difficult to modulate with a watermark at low visibility to a human observer. The visibility measurements that have been made with the Digimarc watermark enables the selection of a complementary color to the base color which can be detected by a POS barcode scanner but is imperceptible at normal viewing distance.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Seafood Packaging Technologies

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Michael G. Kontominas ◽  
Anastasia V. Badeka ◽  
Ioanna S. Kosma ◽  
Cosmas I. Nathanailides
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
High Water ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Unsaturated Lipids ◽  
Active Food Packaging ◽  
Seafood Products

Seafood products are highly perishable, owing to their high water activity, close to neutral pH, and high content of unsaturated lipids and non-protein nitrogenous compounds. Thus, such products require immediate processing and/or packaging to retain their safety and quality. At the same time, consumers prefer fresh, minimally processed seafood products that maintain their initial quality properties. The present article aims to review the literature over the past decade on: (i) innovative, individual packaging technologies applied to extend the shelf life of fish and fishery products, (ii) the most common combinations of the above technologies applied as multiple hurdles to maximize the shelf life of seafood products, and (iii) the respective food packaging legislation. Packaging technologies covered include: Modified atmosphere packaging; vacuum packaging; vacuum skin packaging; active food packaging, including oxygen scavengers; carbon dioxide emitters; moisture regulators; antioxidant and antimicrobial packaging; intelligent packaging, including freshness indicators; time–temperature indicators and leakage indicators; retort pouch processing and edible films; coatings/biodegradable packaging, used individually or in combination for maximum preservation potential.

scholarly journals Paperboard Coating Detection Based on Full-Stokes Imaging Polarimetry

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Javier Brugés Martelo ◽  
Jan Lundgren ◽  
Mattias Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Distance Correlation ◽  
Imaging Polarimetry ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Thickness Variations

The manufacturing of high-quality extruded low-density polyethylene (PE) paperboard intended for the food packaging industry relies on manual, intrusive, and destructive off-line inspection by the process operators to assess the overall quality and functionality of the product. Defects such as cracks, pinholes, and local thickness variations in the coating can occur at any location in the reel, affecting the sealable property of the product. To detect these defects locally, imaging systems must discriminate between the substrate and the coating. We propose an active full-Stokes imaging polarimetry for the classification of the PE-coated paperboard and its substrate (before applying the PE coating) from industrially manufactured samples. The optical system is based on vertically polarized illumination and a novel full-Stokes imaging polarimetry camera system. From the various parameters obtained by polarimetry measurements, we propose implementing feature selection based on the distance correlation statistical method and, subsequently, the implementation of a support vector machine algorithm that uses a nonlinear Gaussian kernel function. Our implementation achieves 99.74% classification accuracy. An imaging polarimetry system with high spatial resolution and pixel-wise metrological characteristics to provide polarization information, capable of material classification, can be used for in-process control of manufacturing coated paperboard.

scholarly journals Influence of a Natural Plant Antioxidant on the Ageing Process of Ethylene-norbornene Copolymer (Topas)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4018
Author(s):  
Anna Masek ◽  
Angelika Plota
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Aging Behavior ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Potential Use

In the field of polymer technology, a variety of mainly synthetic additives are used to stabilize the materials during processing. However, natural compounds of plant origin can be a green alternative to chemicals such as synthetic polyphenols. An analysis of the effect of hesperidin on the aging behavior of ethylene-norbornene copolymer was performed. The evaluation of changes in the tested samples was possible by applying the following tests: determination of the surface energy and OIT values, mechanical properties analysis, colour change measurements, FT-IR and TGA analyses. The obtained results proved that hesperidin can be effectively used as natural stabilizer for polymers. Furthermore, as a result of this compound addition to Topas-silica composites, their surface and physico-mechanical properties have been improved and the resistance to aging significantly increased. Additionally, hesperidin can act as a dye or colour indicator and only few scientific reports describe a possibility of using flavonoids to detect changes in products during their service life, e.g., in food packaging. In the available literature, there is no information about the potential use of hesperidin as a stabilizer for cycloolefin copolymers. Therefore, this approach may contribute not only to the current state of knowledge, but also presents an eco-friendly solution that can be a good alternative to synthetic stabilizers.

scholarly journals Sustainable, self-cleaning, transparent, and moisture/oxygen-barrier coating film for food packaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Tuyet Thuy ◽  
Lam Tan Hao ◽  
Hyeonyeol Jeon ◽  
Jun Mo Koo ◽  
Jaeduk Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Function ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Oxygen Barrier ◽  
Coating Film ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Chemical Damage ◽  
Barrier Coating ◽  
Self Cleaning

Plastic packaging effectively protects food from mechanical, microbial, and chemical damage; however, oxygen and moisture permeate these plastics and spoil the food. Thus, the gas barrier function is usually imparted...

scholarly journals Basil Essential Oil: Composition, Antimicrobial Properties, and Microencapsulation to Produce Active Chitosan Films for Food Packaging

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Ghita Amor ◽  
Mohammed Sabbah ◽  
Lucia Caputo ◽  
Mohamed Idbella ◽  
Vincenzo De Feo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Packaging System ◽  
Cooked Ham

The essential oil (EO) from basil—Ocimum basilicum—was characterized, microencapsulated by vibration technology, and used to prepare a new type of packaging system designed to extend the food shelf life. The basil essential oil (BEO) chemical composition and antimicrobial activity were analyzed, as well as the morphological and biological properties of the derived BEO microcapsules (BEOMC). Analysis of BEO by gas chromatography demonstrated that the main component was linalool, whereas the study of its antimicrobial activity showed a significant inhibitory effect against all the microorganisms tested, mostly Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, the prepared BEOMC showed a spheroidal shape and retained the EO antimicrobial activity. Finally, chitosan-based edible films were produced, grafted with BEOMC, and characterized for their physicochemical and biological properties. Since their effective antimicrobial activity was demonstrated, these films were tested as packaging system by wrapping cooked ham samples during 10 days of storage, with the aim of their possible use to extend the shelf life of the product. It was demonstrated that the obtained active film can both control the bacterial growth of the cooked ham and markedly inhibit the pH increase of the packaged food.

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