scholarly journals Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Carboxymethyl Starch as Surface Modifiers and Greying Inhibitors in Washing of Cotton Fabrics

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1174
Author(s):  
Ksenija Višić ◽  
Tanja Pušić ◽  
Mirjana Čurlin
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Carboxymethyl Starch ◽  
Cellulose Modification ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Starch Derivatives

This research is focused on cellulose and starch derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and carboxymethyl starch (CMS), added to the detergent in washing reference cotton fabric in soft and hard water at 40, 60 and 90 °C. The applied polymers were analyzed through the potential of surface cellulose modification and inhibition of stain transfer from standard stain donors to modified and initial cotton fabrics. The surface modification of the cotton fabrics, characterized by the zeta potential and amounts of deposits, was coupled with the cluster analysis as well as a whiteness assessment. The obtained results of the zeta potential and degree of whiteness of the reference cotton fabrics before and after washing showed differences between CMC and CMS. The appropriateness of the cluster analysis was confirmed in assessing the potential of applied polymers for surface modification of cotton fabrics and greying inhibition.

Adsorption Behavior of Annatto Dye on Cotton Fabrics Modified by Sericin

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Zhou ◽  
Jian Zhong Shao ◽  
Li Qin Chai ◽  
Guo Dong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Adsorption Studies

Sericin was investigated as modifier for surface modification on cotton fibers. The measurement of zeta potential was initially used to indicate the effectiveness of the modification. It was found that the sericin largely developed the positive charge on cotton fibers following a decrease in the pH. Adsorption studies of the annatto dye on the modified cotton fibers showed that sericin enhanced the adsorption capacity of the annatto dye on cotton fibers. The results of the zeta potential and the adsorption revealed that the uptake of annatto dye on modified cotton fibers occurred via electrostatic attractions between the anion of the dye and the cationic segments on the modified cotton fibers.

scholarly journals One Step Photopolymerization of N, N-Methylene Diacrylamide and Photocuring of Carboxymethyl Starch-Silver Nanoparticles onto Cotton Fabrics for Durable Antibacterial Finishing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. El-Sheikh ◽  
H. M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carboxymethyl Starch ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Before And After

The PI/UV system ((4-trimethyl ammonium methyl) benzophenone chloride/UV) was used to synthesize carboxymethyl starch- (CMS-) stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs so prepared had round shape morphology with size of 1–7 nm. The prepared AgNPs were utilized to impart antibacterial finishing for cotton fabrics. The PI/UV system was further utilized to fix AgNPs onto cotton fabrics by photocrosslinking of AgNPs-CMS composite onto cotton fabrics to impart durable antibacterial properties. Effect of irradiation time and incorporating N, N-methylene diacrylamide (MDA) in different concentrations on antibacterial performance before and after repeated washing cycles was studied. S. aureus and E. coli were used to evaluate the antibacterial performance of finished fabrics. The antibacterial performance was directly proportional to the irradiation time and concentration of MDA but inversely proportional to the number of washing cycles. The inhibition zone of S. aureus and E. coli is the same although they are different in the cell wall structure and mode of action due to the nanosize structure formed.

scholarly journals Established an eco-friendly cotton fabric treating process with enhancing anti-wrinkle performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110034
Author(s):  
Xiongfang Luo ◽  
Pei Cheng ◽  
Wencong Wang ◽  
Jiajia Fu ◽  
Weidong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Wrinkle Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Strength Retention

This study establishes an eco-friendly anti-wrinkle treating process for cotton fabric. Sodium hydroxide-liquid ammonia pretreatment followed by 6% (w/w) PU100 adding citric acid pad-cure-dry finishing. In this process, citric acid (CA) was used as the fundamental crosslinking agent during finishing because it is a non-formaldehyde based, cost-effective and well wrinkle resistance agent. Environmental-friendly waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was used as an additive to add to the CA finishing solution. Six commercial WPUs were systematically investigated. Fabric properties like wrinkle resistance, tensile strength retention, whiteness, durable press, softness, and wettability were well investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra were also measured and discussed before and after adding waterborne polyurethane. Tentative mechanism of the interaction among the WPU, CA, and modified cotton fabrics is provided. The effect of cotton fabric pretreatment on fabric performance was also investigated. After the eco-process’s treatment, the fabric wrinkle resistant angle was upgraded to 271 ± 7°, tensile strength retention was maintained at 66.77% ± 3.50% and CIE whiteness was elevated to 52.13 ± 3.21, which are much better than the traditional CA anti-wrinkle finishing based on mercerized cotton fabrics. This study provides useful information for textile researchers and engineers.

Surface Modification of Nano-Al2O3 with Stearic Acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 246-250
Author(s):  
Min Hong Xu ◽  
Jian Li Ma ◽  
Meng Xia Qian ◽  
Li Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Modification Effect ◽  
Before And After

Surface modification of nanoAl2O3 with stearic acid by dry method was researched. The structures of nanoAl2O3 before and after modified were characterized by IR. The modification effect on nanoAl2O3 was measured with the activation index. In addition, the influence factors of modifier dosage, modification time and modification temperature were also discussed. The results showed that nanoAl2O3 had been successfully modified with stearic acid. The hydrophily and lipophilicity experiments indicated that modified nanoAl2O3 possessed lipophilicity property and could disperse in xylene. The optimal conditions of modification were as follows: the stearic acid was 7.5 wt%, based on the quality of nanoAl2O3, modification time was 50 min and temperature was 150 ○C.

scholarly journals Cell-surface remodelling during mammalian erythropoiesis

1982 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Wraith ◽  
C J Chesterton
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cell Surface Protein ◽  
Erythroid Cells ◽  
Selective Loss ◽  
Before And After

Current evidence suggests that the major cell-surface modification occurring during mammalian erythropoiesis could be generated by two separate mechanisms: either selective loss of membrane proteins during enucleation or endocytosis at the subsequent reticulocyte and erythrocyte stages. The former idea was tested by collecting developing rabbit erythroid cells before and after the enucleation step and comparing their cell-surface protein composition via radiolabelling and electrophoresis. Few changes were observed. Our data thus lend support to the endocytosis mechanism.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of the Rheological Behavior of an Oil-Based Drilling Fluid with Rheology Modifier and Oil Wetter Additives

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4877
Author(s):  
Mobeen Murtaza ◽  
Sulaiman A. Alarifi ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Kamal ◽  
Sagheer A. Onaizi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Ajmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rheology Modifier

Drilling issues such as shale hydration, high-temperature tolerance, torque and drag are often resolved by applying an appropriate drilling fluid formulation. Oil-based drilling fluid (OBDF) formulations are usually composed of emulsifiers, lime, brine, viscosifier, fluid loss controller and weighting agent. These additives sometimes outperform in extended exposure to high pressure high temperature (HPHT) conditions encountered in deep wells, resulting in weighting material segregation, high fluid loss, poor rheology and poor emulsion stability. In this study, two additives, oil wetter and rheology modifier were incorporated into the OBDF and their performance was investigated by conducting rheology, fluid loss, zeta potential and emulsion stability tests before and after hot rolling at 16 h and 32 h. Extending the hot rolling period beyond what is commonly used in this type of experiment is necessary to ensure the fluid’s stability. It was found that HPHT hot rolling affected the properties of drilling fluids by decreasing the rheology parameters and emulsion stability with the increase in the hot rolling time to 32 h. Also, the fluid loss additive’s performance degraded as rolling temperature and time increased. Adding oil wetter and rheology modifier additives resulted in a slight loss of rheological profile after 32 h and maintained flat rheology profile. The emulsion stability was slightly decreased and stayed close to the recommended value (400 V). The fluid loss was controlled by optimizing the concentration of fluid loss additive and oil wetter. The presence of oil wetter improved the carrying capacity of drilling fluids and prevented the barite sag problem. The zeta potential test confirmed that the oil wetter converted the surface of barite from water to oil and improved its dispersion in the oil.

Preparation of crosslinked polysiloxane/SiO2 nanocomposite via in-situ condensation and its surface modification on cotton fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifen Hao ◽  
Tingting Gao ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Xuechuan Wang ◽  
Shuqin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Cotton Fabrics

Surface Modification of Cellulose Membrane by Air Plasma Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Nawal Binhayeeniyi ◽  
Adinan Jehsu ◽  
Mancharee Sukpet ◽  
Safitree Nawae
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cellulose Membranes ◽  
Hydrophilic Membranes ◽  
Air Plasma Treatment

Low-temperature air plasma was used to treat the cellulose membranes by varying the period of time from 10 to 30 minutes. The surfaces of membranes were changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic membranes. The contact angles of treated membranes were increased when increasing time to treat. The surface modifications of membrane before and after treated were characterized by SEM. It is shown that air plasma treatment is used to improve the roughness. The dielectric property was also studied.

Scaled Fuzzy Graph for Cluster Analysis in DNA Sequence of Olfactory Receptors

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Satya Ranjan Dash ◽  
Satchidananda Dehuri ◽  
Uma Kant Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Olfactory Receptors ◽  
Fuzzy Graph ◽  
Before And After

Olfactory receptors (ORs) are responsible for recognition of odor molecules. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences of these receptors are severely affected by local mutations. Therefore, to study the changes among affected and non-affected ORs, the authors attempted to use unsupervised learning (clustering) algorithm. In this paper, they have used a scaled fuzzy graph model for clustering to study the changes before and after the local mutation on DNA sequences of ORs. Their simulation study at the fractional dimensional level confirms its accuracy.

Oxidation of Carboxymethyl Starch with Sodium Hypochlorite

1977 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Abd El-Thalouth ◽  
H. L. Hanna ◽  
A. Hebeish
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Shearing Stress ◽  
Carboxymethyl Starch ◽  
Before And After

Water-soluble carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was oxidized with sodium hypochlorite under different conditions. It was found that the rate of oxidation increases by increasing the hypochlorite concentration and/or reaction temperature. The viscosity of CMS before and after oxidation decreases as the shearing stress increases. Moreover, for a given shearing stress the viscosity decreases sharply by increasing the chlorine consumption.

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