Sequential Oxidation on Wood and Its Application in Pb2+ Removal from Contaminated Water

Raw wood was subjected to sequential oxidation to produce 2,3,6-tricarboxycellulose (TCC) nanofibers with a high surficial charge of 1.14 mmol/g in the form of carboxylate groups. Three oxidation steps, including nitro-oxidation, periodate, and sodium chlorite oxidation, were successfully applied to generate TCC nanofibers from raw wood. The morphology of extracted TCC nanofibers measured using TEM and AFM indicated the average length, width, and thickness were in the range of 750 ± 110, 4.5 ± 1.8, and 1.23 nm, respectively. Due to high negative surficial charges on TCC, it was studied for its absorption capabilities against Pb2+ ions. The remediation results indicated that a low concentration of TCC nanofibers (0.02 wt%) was able to remove a wide range of Pb2+ ion impurities from 5–250 ppm with an efficiency between 709–99%, whereby the maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was 1569 mg/g with R2 0.69531 calculated from Langmuir fitting. It was observed that the high adsorption capacity of TCC nanofibers was due to the collective effect of adsorption and precipitation confirmed by the FTIR and SEM/EDS analysis. The high carboxylate content and fiber morphology of TCC has enabled it as an excellent substrate to remove Pb2+ ions impurities.

Download Full-text

Characterizing Bacterial Cellulose Produced byKomagataeibacter sucrofermentans H-110 on Molasses Medium and Obtaining a Biocomposite Based on It for the Adsorption of Fluoride

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13091422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1422

Author(s):

Viktor V. Revin ◽

Alexander V. Dolganov ◽

Elena V. Liyaskina ◽

Natalia B. Nazarova ◽

Anastasia V. Balandina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Bacterial Cellulose ◽

Functional Materials ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Fluoride Ions ◽

Sorption Ability ◽

Wide Range ◽

Biocomposite Material

Currently, there is an increased demand for biodegradable materials in society due to growing environmental problems. Special attention is paid to bacterial cellulose, which, due to its unique properties, has great prospects for obtaining functional materials for a wide range of applications, including adsorbents. In this regard, the aim of this study was to obtain a biocomposite material with adsorption properties in relation to fluoride ions based on bacterial cellulose using a highly productive strain of Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans H-110 on molasses medium. Films of bacterial cellulose were obtained. Their structure and properties were investigated by FTIR spectroscopy, NMR, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray structural analysis. The results show that the fiber thickness of the bacterial cellulose formed by the K. sucrofermentans H-110 strain on molasses medium was 60–90 nm. The degree of crystallinity of bacterial cellulose formed on the medium was higher than on standard Hestrin and Schramm medium and amounted to 83.02%. A new biocomposite material was obtained based on bacterial cellulose chemically immobilized on its surface using atomic-layer deposition of nanosized aluminum oxide films. The composite material has high sorption ability to remove fluoride ions from an aqueous medium. The maximum adsorption capacity of the composite is 80.1 mg/g (F/composite). The obtained composite material has the highest adsorption capacity of fluoride from water in comparison with other sorbents. The results prove the potential of bacterial cellulose-based biocomposites as highly effective sorbents for fluoride.

Download Full-text

Removal of Cd(II) from water using zero valent iron/copper functionalized spent tea

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2020.527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 (11) ◽

pp. 2552-2561

Author(s):

Khan Malook ◽

Hamayun Khan

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Langmuir Adsorption ◽

A Value ◽

Adsorbate Concentration ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Abstract Zero valent Fe/Cu functionalized spent tea adsorbent was prepared for the decontamination of Cd(II) contaminated water. The synthesized material was characterized for structural and morphological characteristics using various analytical techniques. The material was used as adsorbent for the adsorption of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions in batch study experiments. The effect of initial pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and adsorbate concentration was investigated. The obtained data well followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second order rate model with maximum adsorption capacity of 89.686 mg·g−1. Based on Langmuir separation factor (R), having a value of 0.706–0.194, the adsorption process was confirmed to be favorable. The adsorbent was used in the form of a column for the sorption of Cd(II) from a running solution with satisfactory results. The spent material was regenerated and reutilized with reduction of adsorption capacity by 1.48% only. Overall, the current adsorbent can be efficiently utilized for the removal of aqueous Cd(II).

Download Full-text

REMOVAL OF Cd(II) FROM WATER BY USING GRAPHENE OXIDE–MnFe2O4 MAGNETIC NANOHYBRIDS

Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.15625/2525-2518/55/1b/12098 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (1B) ◽

pp. 109 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nguyen Huu Hieu

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Fast Kinetics ◽

Magnetic Nanohybrids

In this work, graphene oxide–manganese ferrite (GO–MnFe2O4) magnetic nanohybrids were synthesized by co–precipitation technique. The adsorption properties of GO–MnFe2O4 for efficient removal of Cd(II) from contaminated water were investigated. The nanohybrids were characterized by using X–ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area (BET), transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). VSM result showed the high saturation magnetization values Ms = 27.1 emu/g, the BET specific surface area was 84.236 m2/g. Adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the GO–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids and compared with MnFe2O4 nanoparticles and GO nanosheets. The equilibrium time for adsorption of Cd(II) onto the nanohybrids was 240 minutes. Experimental adsorption data were well–fitted to the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo–second–order kinetic equation. The experimental results showed that adsorption of Cd(II) using GO–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids was better than MnFe2O4 and GO with a maximum adsorption capacity of 121.951 mg/g at pH 8. Reusability, ease of magnetic separation, high removal capacity, and fast kinetics lead the GO–MnFe2O4 nanohybrids to be promising adsorbents for removal heavy metals from contaminated water.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Compounds From Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Waste

Journal of Applied Materials and Technology ◽

10.31258/jamt.1.2.88-95 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 88-95

Author(s):

Denise Alves Fungaro ◽

Lucas Caetano Grosche ◽

Juliana de Carvalho Izidoro

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Calcium Silicate Hydrate ◽

Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Fusion Temperature ◽

Hydrothermal Temperature ◽

X Ray ◽

Wide Range

In this study Calcium silicate hydrate based products (CSHP) were synthesized from wet flue gas desulfurization waste (FGD) by alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal treatment. The effect of various factors on the formation of products, such as mineralizing agent, fusion temperature and time, crystallization time and addition of Ca and Si were studied as well as the conditions optimized. The FGD and synthesized materials were characterized by using X-Ray (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XFR), among other methods. A fusion temperature of 600 °C with NaOH, fusion duration of 1 h, and a subsequent hydrothermal temperature of 100 °C for a reaction of 24 h were found to be the optimal conditions. In these synthesis conditions, CSHP containing tobermorite and Al-tobermorite was the major phases. The synthesized CSHP revealed high selective uptake for Cs+ in water. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cs+ onto the synthesized material, as calculated from the Langmuir model, was 1949 µmol g-1. The performance on the Cs+ removal in the presence of high Na+ contents was also evaluated. The adsorbent material showed a high Cs+ adsorption capacity in deionized water and a decrease of 56% and 62% in saturated media with the Na+ ions and seawater, respectively. Therefore, CSHP as a higher value-added product can be obtained from a by-product of a coal-fired power plant, which has wide range applications, including for Cs+ removal from wastewater.

Download Full-text

Characterization and modification of natural clay deposits to develop clay-based adsorbent to remove phosphorus from contaminated water

10.24124/2021/59203 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Farzana Nargis

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Low Cost ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Natural Clay ◽

Phosphorus Adsorption ◽

Modified Clay ◽

Clay Deposits

Modification of natural clays may be a useful approach to produce an effective and low-cost adsorbent to control phosphorous, which is a key factor in controlling the eutrophication of surface waters. In this study, natural clay samples were collected, characterized, modified with ZrCl4, and then their adsorption capacity for removing phosphorus from contaminated water was studied. XRD analysis showed that the natural clay consists of kaolinite, illite, and nontronite as dominant clay mineral phases. The maximum adsorption capacity of the modified clay increased from 0.493 to 11.83 mg P/g compared to the unmodified clay. The adsorption process was fast for both natural and modified samples, achieving more than 80% and 90% phosphorus removal with natural and modified samples, respectively in less than 4 hours. The adsorption data for both clays best fit the Langmuir isotherm, and the rate of phosphorus adsorption was found to follow a pseudo-secondorder kinetic model. The adsorption capacity of both adsorbents decreased with increasing pH, and for the modified clay the change was more significant. Full factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate and optimize the effects of initial P concentration, contact time, pH, and dose. From the model, the maximum P removal efficiency predicted for the synthetic solution was 91.5% and 99.9% by natural and modified clay, respectively. R2(≈0.98) indicates that the observed results fitted well with the model prediction. Similar to the batch studies, the fixed bed column study showed the developed adsorbents are efficient in removing phosphorus from water in a continuous process as well.

Download Full-text

Adsorption Studies on the Removal of an Herbicide (Atrazine) Using Activated Carbons Prepared from Agricultural Waste Sugarcane Bagasse

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.251.378 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 251 ◽

pp. 378-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ken Lin Chang ◽

Yi Hsuan Shih ◽

Chao Heng Tseng ◽

Shui Tein Chen ◽

Chih Cheng Chen

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Ph Value ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Atrazine Concentration ◽

Wide Range

A potassium hydroxide activation method is used to derive activated carbon (AC), which has high surface area of 1,324.62 m2/g, from agricultural waste, i.e. sugarcane bagasse. The adsorption capacity of AC for Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, in aqueous solution is evaluated at different initial Atrazine concentration, temperature, and pH. The results show the maximum adsorption capacity of Atrazine is proportional to the initial concentration of Atrazine. The amount of adsorption is inversely proportional to the temperature, although there is not significant decrease of adsorption capacity when temperature rises. Furthermore, the pH value has no influence on the adsorption of Atrazine, which shows the AC made of sugarcane bagasse has great performance in adsorption over a wide range of pH values.

Download Full-text

Designing Phenyl Porous Organic Polymers with High-Efficiency Tetracycline Adsorption Capacity and Wide pH Adaptability

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym14010203 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

Wenjie Nie ◽

Jiao Liu ◽

Xue Bai ◽

Zefeng Xing ◽

Ying Gao

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Organic Polymer ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Organic Polymers ◽

Adsorption Model ◽

Porous Organic Polymers ◽

One Pot ◽

Wide Range ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Adsorption is an effective method to remove tetracycline (TC) from water, and developing efficient and environment-friendly adsorbents is an interesting topic. Herein, a series of novel phenyl porous organic polymers (P-POPs), synthesized by one-pot polymerization of different ratios of biphenyl and triphenylbenzene under AlCl3 catalysis in CH2Cl2, was studied as a highly efficient adsorbent to removal of TC in water. Notably, the obtained POPs possessed abundant phenyl-containing functional groups, large specific surface area (1098 m2/g) with abundant microporous structure, high pore volume (0.579 cm3/g), favoring the removal of TC molecules. The maximum adsorption capacity (fitted by the Sips model) could achieve 581 mg/g, and the adsorption equilibrium is completed quickly within 1 h while obtaining excellent removal efficiency (98%). The TC adsorption process obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics and fitted the Sips adsorption model well. Moreover, the adsorption of POPs to TC exhibited a wide range of pH (2–10) adaptability and outstanding reusability, which could be reused at least 5 times without significant changes in structure and efficiency. These results lay a theoretical foundation for the application of porous organic polymer adsorbents in antibiotic wastewater treatment.

Download Full-text

One-pot synthesis of potassium iron hexacyanoferrate/polyacrylamide nanohybrid hydrogel via gamma radiation and its adsorption property

Functional Materials Letters ◽

10.1142/s1793604719500310 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (03) ◽

pp. 1950031

Author(s):

Shuquan Chang ◽

Yangzhou Liu ◽

Heliang Fu ◽

Buxiong Wang ◽

Zheng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Radiation ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Adsorption Property ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Porous Structures ◽

One Pot ◽

One Pot Synthesis ◽

Wide Range ◽

Radioactive Wastewater

Potassium iron hexacyanoferrate/polyacrylamide nanohybrid hydrogel (PB/PAM-gel) was successfully synthesized via a convenient one-pot gamma radiation route. The as-prepared PB/PAM-gel has compact internal three-dimensional porous structures with well-dispersed PB nanowires, which exhibit good elasticity and excellent swelling performance. The adsorption experiments reveal that the PB/PAM-gel can rapidly and selectively adsorb Cs[Formula: see text] from the solution in a wide range of pH. The maximum adsorption capacity reaches 131[Formula: see text]mg[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text]. This nanohybrid hydrogel is very stable and can be easily separated from the solution after adsorption. It can be applied as a potential adsorbent for Cs[Formula: see text] removal from radioactive wastewater.

Download Full-text

Parameters Affecting Dye Adsorption - Using Graphene Coated Sand (GSC)

International Journal of Science and Engineering Invention ◽

10.23958/ijsei/vol04-i02/01 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Seroor Atalah Khaleefa Alia ◽

Dr. Mohammed Ibrahimb ◽

Hussein Ali Hussein

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Contact Time ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Engineering Designs ◽

Heavy Metals Ions ◽

Coated Sand

Adsorption is most commonly applied process for the removal of pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals ions from wastewater. The present work talks about preparing graphenic material attached sand grains called graphene sand composite (GSC) by using ordinary sugar as a carbon source. Physical morphology and chemical composition of GSC was examined by using (FTIR, SEM, EDAX and XRD). Efficiency of GSC in the adsorption of organic dyes from water was investigated using reactive green dye with different parameters such as (ph, temperature, contact time and dose). Adsorption isotherm was also studied and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of dye is 28.98 mg/g. This fast, low-cost process can be used to manufacture commercial filters to treat contaminated water using appropriate engineering designs.

Download Full-text

Utilization of Waste of Enzymes Biomass as Biosorbent for the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solution in Batch and Fluidized Bed Column

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.20.1.7804 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Salman H. Abbas ◽

Younis M. Younis ◽

Mohammed K. Hussain ◽

Firas Hashim Kamar ◽

Gheorghe Nechifor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Aqueous Solution ◽

Particle Size ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Fungal Biomass ◽

Solution Flow Rate ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Solution Flow

The biosorption performance of both batch and liquid-solid fluidized bed operations of dead fungal biomass type (Agaricusbisporus ) for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution was investigated. In batch system, the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of dead fungal biomass were evaluated. In fluidized bed system, the experiments were conducted to study the effects of important parameters such as particle size (701-1400�m), initial dye concentration(10-100 mg/L), bed depth (5-15 cm) and solution flow rate (5-20 ml/min) on breakthrough curves. In batch method, the experimental data was modeled using several models (Langmuir,Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkviechmodels) to study equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data followed Langmuir model and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was (28.90, 24.15, 21.23 mg/g) at mean particle size (0.786, 0.935, 1.280 mm) respectively. In Fluidized-bed method, the results show that the total ion uptake and the overall capacity will be decreased with increasing flow rate and increased with increasing initial concentrations, bed depth and decreasing particle size.

Download Full-text