scholarly journals A Novel Porous Ni, Ce-Doped PbO2 Electrode for Efficient Treatment of Chloride Ion in Wastewater

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Lin Gui ◽  
Ruichao Peng ◽  
Ping Yu
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Pbo2 Electrode ◽  
Pbo2 Electrodes

The porous Ti/Sb-SnO2/Ni-Ce-PbO2 electrode was prepared by using a porous Ti plate as a substrate, an Sb-doped SnO2 as an intermediate, and a PbO2 doped with Ni and Ce as an active layer. The surface morphology and crystal structure of the electrode were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS), and X-Ray diffraction(XRD). The electrochemical performance of the electrodes was tested by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and electrode life test. The results show that the novel porous Ni-Ce-PbO2 electrodes with larger active surface area have better electrochemical activity and longer electrode life than porous undoped PbO2 electrodes and flat Ni-Ce-PbO2 electrodes. In this work, the removal of Cl− in simulated wastewater on three electrodes was also studied. The results show that the removal effect of the porous Ni-Ce-PbO2 electrode is obviously better than the other two electrodes, and the removal rate is 87.4%, while the removal rates of the other two electrodes were 72.90% and 80.20%, respectively. In addition, the mechanism of electrochemical dechlorinating was also studied. With the progress of electrolysis, we find that the increase of OH- inhibits the degradation of Cl−, however, the porous Ni-Ce-PbO2 electrode can effectively improve the removal of Cl−.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the Activity of Electrochemical Oxidation of BPS by Nd-Doped PbO2 Electrodes: Performance and Mechanism

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Zhili Ni ◽  
Jie Yao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Duty Cycles ◽  
Pbo2 Electrode ◽  
Pbo2 Electrodes

The electrochemical oxidation processes have attracted tremendous attention on the destruction of toxic and non-biodegradable organics. A series of neodymium (Nd)-doped PbO2 electrodes (Ti/PbO2-Nd) were synthesized through a pulse electrodeposition method, and its activity of bisphenol S (BPS) removal was further examined. The morphologies and structures were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The performance, energy consumption and mechanism of electrochemical oxidation of BPS by Ti/PbO2-Nd electrode were also discussed. Compared to the traditional Ti/PbO2 electrode, the Ti/PbO2-Nd enables finer crystal particles, facilitating the oxygen evolution overpotential (OEP) from 1.41V to 1.55V and the generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Moreover, lower duty cycles during the preparation of the electrode also contribute to the tapering size of crystals. The results show that the Ti/PbO2-Nd electrode exhibits relatively high activity in the anodic oxidation of BPS. Over 95% of BPS could be removed with the current density of 15 mA cm−2. Moreover, the energy consumption of BPS degradation on Ti/PbO2-Nd electrode is 60.26 kWh m−3, much lower than that on Ti/PbO2 electrode (95.45 kWh m−3). To conclude, the Ti/PbO2-Nd electrode has been proven to be a promising material for BPS removal.

scholarly journals Effect of magnesium sulfate on the electrochemical behavior of lead electrodes for lead acid batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Venkateswarlu ◽  
T. Balusamy ◽  
K. S. N. Murthy ◽  
M. Jagadish ◽  
S. Vijayanand
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Lead Electrodes ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Lead Acid

AbstractThe lead acid battery technology has undergone several modifications in the recent past, in particular, the electrode grid composition, oxide paste recipe with incorporation of foreign additives into the electrodes and similarly additives added in the electrolytes to improve electrical performance of the lead acid battery. In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of the lead electrodes with different weight/volume percentages (wt./v%) of MgSO4(0.0., 0.5., 1.0., 2.0., and 5.0) added into the electrolyte have been investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The CV profile showed better redox behavior of the lead electrodes which was attributed to the increased active surface area of the electrode. Further studies of the gas evolution found a mixed trend and a considerable drop in the impedance as observed by LSV and EIS analysis as compared to the blank electrolyte solution. The influence of a modified electrolyte on the electrochemical activity of the lead electrodes is correlated and discussed.

scholarly journals Water Photo-Electrooxidation Using Mats of TiO2 Nanorods, Surface Sensitized by a Metal–Organic Framework of Nickel and 1,2-Benzene Dicarboxylic Acid

Hydrogen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-75
Author(s):  
Sheng-Mu You ◽  
Waleed M. A. El Rouby ◽  
Loïc Assaud ◽  
Ruey-An Doong ◽  
Pierre Millet
Keyword(s):  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Tio2 Nanorods ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Benzene Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Organic Framework

Photoanodes comprising a transparent glass substrate coated with a thin conductive film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and a thin layer of a photoactive phase have been fabricated and tested with regard to the photo-electro-oxidation of water into molecular oxygen. The photoactive layer was made of a mat of TiO2 nanorods (TDNRs) of micrometric thickness. Individual nanorods were successfully photosensitized with nanoparticles of a metal–organic framework (MOF) of nickel and 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid (BDCA). Detailed microstructural information was obtained from SEM and TEM analysis. The chemical composition of the active layer was determined by XRD, XPS and FTIR analysis. Optical properties were determined by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The water photooxidation activity was evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry and the robustness was assessed by chrono-amperometry. The OER (oxygen evolution reaction) photo-activity of these photoelectrodes was found to be directly related to the amount of MOF deposited on the TiO2 nanorods, and was therefore maximized by adjusting the MOF content. The microscopic reaction mechanism which controls the photoactivity of these photoelectrodes was analyzed by photo-electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Microscopic rate parameters are reported. These results contribute to the development and characterization of MOF-sensitized OER photoanodes.

Hypertriglyceridemia: Apheretic Treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Giannini ◽  
M. Valbonesi ◽  
F. Morelli ◽  
P. Carlier ◽  
M.C. De Luigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
High Triglyceride

Patients with extremely high triglyceride levels and associated lipemia are at high risk for acute pancreatitis. Two factors can increase triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; one is overproduction and other is a defect in clearance. Either mechanism can cause hypertriglyceridemia and both may exist simultaneously. Causes can be either primary or secondary. Plasmapheresis is efficacious for severe hypertryceridemia in patients who have not responded to previous therapies. We have treated 15 cases of hypertrygliceridemia complicating the course of patients receiving Cyclosporin A after bone marrow transplantation. Five patients were treated with plasmapheresis, the other ten with cascade filtration. The removal rate for triglycerides was 58.0% for patients treated by cascade filtration and 63.5% for patients treated by plasmapheresis. The removal rates for triglycerides were low possibly as a consequence of early saturation of the filter.

Screening of Coagulant for Washing Wastewater Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 972-975
Author(s):  
Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Cyclic Utilization ◽  
Washing Wastewater ◽  
Better Than

According to the problems exist in cyclic utilization of washing wastewater, the coagulation tests utilizing ferric trichloride (FeCl3), alums, poly aluminium chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) are studied, respectively. Experimental results show that PAC was much better than the other coagulants in the removal of LAS and chroma as a single coagulant. Cast 2.5mL PAC(10%) into quantitative washing wastewater, the removal rate of LAS and chroma reach 82.5% and 87.8%, respectively. When mix the every two kinds of coagulants, maintaining the same total amount of coagulant to 2.5mL, cast1.0mL PAC(10%) and 1.5mL alum (10%) into washing wastewater ,the removal rate of LAS and chroma reach 84.1% and 90.0%, respectively.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Cobalt Doping of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes towards Photoanode Activity Enhancement

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wtulich ◽  
Mariusz Szkoda ◽  
Grzegorz Gajowiec ◽  
Maria Gazda ◽  
Kacper Jurak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Electrochemical Measurement ◽  
Flat Band ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Surface Area Increase

Doping and modification of TiO2 nanotubes were carried out using the hydrothermal method. The introduction of small amounts of cobalt (0.1 at %) into the structure of anatase caused an increase in the absorption of light in the visible spectrum, changes in the position of the flat band potential, a decrease in the threshold potential of water oxidation in the dark, and a significant increase in the anode photocurrent. The material was characterized by the SEM, EDX, and XRD methods, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and UV-Vis reflectance measurements. Electrochemical measurement was used along with a number of electrochemical methods: chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and linear sweep voltammetry in dark conditions and under solar light illumination. Improved photoelectrocatalytic activity of cobalt-doped TiO2 nanotubes is achieved mainly due to its regular nanostructure and real surface area increase, as well as improved visible light absorption for an appropriate dopant concentration.

Evaluation of the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy with different protein concentrations

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucong Ma ◽  
Mohd Talha ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Zhonghui Li ◽  
Yuanhua Lin
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Corrosion Process ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Atomic Force

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study systematically the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium (Mg) alloy with different concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 5.0 g/L). Design/methodology/approach Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potential dynamic polarization tests were performed to obtain corrosion parameters. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to analyze the local electrochemical activity of the surface film. Atomic force microscope (AFM), Scanning electron microscope-Energy dispersive spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the surface morphology and chemical composition of the surface film. Findings Experimental results showed the presence of BSA in a certain concentration range (0 to 2.0 g/L) has a greater inhibitory effect on the corrosion of AZ31, however, the presence of high-concentration BSA (5.0 g/L) would sharply reduce the corrosion resistance. Originality/value When the concentration of BSA is less than 2.0 g/L, the corrosion resistance of AZ31 enhances with the concentration. The adsorption BSA layer will come into being a physical barrier to inhibit the corrosion process. However, high-concentration BSA (5.0 g/L) will chelate with dissolved metal ions (such as Mg and Ni) to form soluble complexes, which increases the roughness of the surface and accelerates the corrosion process.

scholarly journals From Waste to Valuable Resource: Lignin as a Sustainable Anti-Corrosion Coating

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Dastpak ◽  
Kirsi Yliniemi ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Monteiro ◽  
Sarah Höhn ◽  
Sannakaisa Virtanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Linear Sweep ◽  
Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization

In this study, a waste of biorefinery—lignin—is investigated as an anticorrosion coating on stainless steel. Corrosion behavior of two lignin types (hardwood beech and softwood spruce) was studied by electrochemical measurements (linear sweep voltammetry, open circuit potential, potentiostatic polarization, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance measurements) during exposure to simulated body fluid (SBF) or phosphate buffer (PBS). Results from linear sweep voltammetry of lignin-coated samples, in particular, demonstrated a reduction in corrosion current density between 1 and 3 orders of magnitude cf. blank stainless steel. Furthermore, results from cross cut adhesion tests on lignin-coated samples demonstrated that the best possible adhesion (grade 0) of ISO 2409 standard was achieved for the investigated novel coatings. Such findings suggest that lignin materials could transform the field of organic coatings towards more sustainable alternatives by replacing non-renewable polymer coatings.

scholarly journals Electrodeposition Kinetics of Ni/Nano-Y2O3 Composite Coatings

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zhou ◽  
Yiyong Wang ◽  
Xianglin Liu ◽  
Zhipeng Liang ◽  
Hui Jin
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Electrochemical Measurement ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Composite Deposition

Ni/nano-Y2O3 composite films were successfully prepared by electrochemical deposition using an acid sulfamate bath. The influence of solid particles added to electrolyte on electrodeposition was investigated by electrochemical measurement methods. The linear sweep voltammetry test showed that the composite deposition took place at a greater potential than that of nickel, and the presence of nano-Y2O3 decreased cathodic polarization. Chronoamperometry studies indicated that the nucleation model of both deposits similarly approached the theoretical instantaneous nucleation mode based on the Scharifker–Hills model. The Y2O3 particles adsorbed on the cathodic surface were shown to facilitate the nucleation/growth of the nickel matrix which is consistent with the deposition kinetics parameters calculated by non-linear fitting experimental curves. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the presence of Y2O3 particles in a bath is beneficial for the decrease in charge transfer resistance in the deposition. The atomic force microscopy observations of both deposits obtained in the initial electrodeposition stage confirmed that the Ni-Y2O3 composite had a higher grain number and finer mean grain size.

scholarly journals Salt Concentration Effect on Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolytes based Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Lithium-ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 6114-6123
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Electrolytes ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Perchlorate ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Solid Polymer Electrolytes ◽  
Solid Polymer

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) were prepared via solution drop-cast technique. The CMC host is complexed by different concentrations of LiClO4 salt. SPEs were characterized by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) in coin cells with lithium metal electrodes. EIS performed unique results based on various ionic conductivity values and dielectric properties. The higher ionic conductivity (1.32 × 10-5 S/cm) was obtained by SPEs 2 following by short-range ionic transport results based on dielectric properties depending on frequency. SPEs with LiClO4 addition are electrochemically stable over 2 V in lithium battery coin cells from LSV results.

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