scholarly journals Gait Rhythm Dynamics for Neuro-Degenerative Disease Classification via Persistence Landscape- Based Topological Representation

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yan ◽  
Kamen Ivanov ◽  
Olatunji Mumini Omisore ◽  
Tobore Igbe ◽  
Qiuhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Topological Representation ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Gait Dynamics ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
System Disorder

Neuro-degenerative disease is a common progressive nervous system disorder that leads to serious clinical consequences. Gait rhythm dynamics analysis is essential for evaluating clinical states and improving quality of life for neuro-degenerative patients. The magnitude of stride-to-stride fluctuations and corresponding changes over time—gait dynamics—reflects the physiology of gait, in quantifying the pathologic alterations in the locomotor control system of health subjects and patients with neuro-degenerative diseases. Motivated by algebra topology theory, a topological data analysis-inspired nonlinear framework was adopted in the study of the gait dynamics. Meanwhile, the topological representation–persistence landscapes were used as input of classifiers in order to distinguish different neuro-degenerative disease type from healthy. In this work, stride-to-stride time series from healthy control (HC) subjects are compared with the gait dynamics from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The obtained results show that the proposed methodology discriminates healthy subjects from subjects with other neuro-degenerative diseases with relatively high accuracy. In summary, our study is the first attempt to provide a topological representation-based method into the disease classification with gait rhythms measured from the stride intervals to visualize gait dynamics and classify neuro-degenerative diseases. The proposed method could be potentially used in earlier interventions and state monitoring.

Lightweight deep residual network for alzheimer’s disease classification using sMRI slices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yanteng Zhang ◽  
Qizhi Teng ◽  
Linbo Qing ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xiaohai He
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Healthy Control

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease and the most common cause of dementia. In recent years, with the widespread application of artificial intelligence in the medical field, various deep learning-based methods have been applied for AD detection using sMRI images. Many of these networks achieved AD vs HC (Healthy Control) classification accuracy of up to 90%but with a large number of computational parameters and floating point operations (FLOPs). In this paper, we adopt a novel ghost module, which uses a series of cheap operations of linear transformation to generate more feature maps, embedded into our designed ResNet architecture for task of AD vs HC classification. According to experiments on the OASIS dataset, our lightweight network achieves an optimistic accuracy of 97.92%and its total parameters are dozens of times smaller than state-of-the-art deep learning networks. Our proposed AD classification network achieves better performance while the computational cost is reduced significantly.

scholarly journals Persistent homology approach distinguishes potential pattern between “Early” and “Not Early” hepatic decompensation groups using MRI modalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-491
Author(s):  
Yashbir Singh ◽  
William Jons ◽  
Gian Marco Conte ◽  
Jaidip Jagtap ◽  
Kuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Algebraic Topology ◽  
Persistent Homology ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Topological Representation ◽  
Hepatic Decompensation ◽  
Topological Data

Abstract Primary sclerosis cholangitis (PSC) predisposes individuals to liver failure, but it is challenging for radiologists examining radiologic images to predict which patients with PSC will ultimately develop liver failure. Motivated by algebraic topology, a topological data analysis - inspired framework was adopted in the study of the imaging pattern between the “Early Decompensation” and “Not Early” groups. The results demonstrate that the proposed methodology discriminates “Early Decompensation” and “Not Early” groups. Our study is the first attempt to provide a topological representation-based method into early hepatic decompensation and not early groups.

Evaluation of analgesic effectiveness of infrared radiation and interference currents in degenerative diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Kawa ◽  
Ewa Muszynska ◽  
Malgorzata Kowza-Dzwonkowska
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Age Range

AbstractBackground: The aim of this research is to evaluate analgesic effectiveness of infrared radiation and interference currents in degenerative diseases of joints. On the grounds of current practical and theoretical experience, the following hypothesis was formed: Application of interference currents and infrared radiation constitutes effective analgesic therapy in degenerative diseases, and in the case of the applied treatment, its effectiveness is long-term.Material/Methods: Tests were conducted on a group consisting of 32 women and men in the age range of 65-87 years of age suffering from a degenerative disease of the knee joint. The patients were applied a series of 10 treatments with application of the Sollux lamp for 15 minutes and interference currents of 50-100 HZ frequency for 5 minutes and 90- 100 Hz for 10 minutes during treatment. Evaluation of the efficiency of therapy was checked by means of the VAS scale and the Laitinen scale.Results: The results indicate an efficient analgesic effect according to the VAS scale immediately after treatment p = 0.002 and a month after treatment p = 0.000 as well as according to the Laitinen scale immediately after treatment p = 0.004 and a month after treatment p = 0.004.Conclusions: Application of infrared radiation and interference currents indicates an analgesic effect. These treatments may be alternative or supportive to pharmacological treatment in the case of degenerative changes in people who are over 65 years of age. Results of the research suggest continuation of further research on the effectiveness of the above-mentioned therapy and the length of preserving analgesic results in people with degenerative diseases of joints

KINKY HAIR DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183
Author(s):  
John H. Menkes
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Kinky Hair Disease ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Enzymatic Defect ◽  
Kinky Hair

Despite many recent advances in our understanding of progressive degenerative diseases of the nervous system which have permitted us in some instances to define the underlying enzymatic defect and to detect the disease in utero, treatment for affected children has been nonexistent in almost all instances. The paper by Danks et al.1 in this issue of Pediatrics is, therefore, of considerable importance. It not only demonstrates the underlying cause for one of these disorders, Kinky Hair disease, but also suggests a relatively simple course of treatment. Ten years ago a group of Residents from the Departments of Neurology, Pediatric Neurology, Neuropathology, and Dermatology described in this journal2 what appeared to be a new degenerative disease of the central nervous system.

scholarly journals The role of infectious pathogens in etiopathogenesis of degenerative intervertebral disc disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
M. M. Alexanyan ◽  
A. G. Aganesov ◽  
E. L. Pogosyan ◽  
T. M. Mrugova ◽  
M. A. Chukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Lumbosacral Spine ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor

Objective. To analyze the presence of infectious pathogens in the intervertebral disc tissues as possible pathogenetic factor in the development of degenerative diseases of the spine.  Material and Method. In 2017–2018, a prospective exploratory research was conducted, which included 64 patients with degenerative disease of the spine who met the following inclusion criteria: the presence of clinically and instrumentally proven hernias of the intervertebral discs in the lumbosacral spine, the absence of a history of surgical interventions on the spine, non-intake of antibacterial drugs for the  year before surgery, and Modic I and /or II type changes on MRI. All patients underwent interventions with sampling of intervertebral disc material; a total of 80 discs were examined. The obtained materials were subjected to microbiological and histopathological studies.Results. Out of 64 patients, only 1 (1.6 %) revealed the presence of bacterial flora in the intervertebral disc tissue (Propionibacterium acnes strain). It can be assumed that the identified bacterial flora is the result of contamination. It is also possible that the infectious agent joined already during the development of degenerative disease of the spine. If the bacterial flora was a pathogenetic factor, then it can be assumed that the pathogenesis of the disease is polyetiological and includes the infectious process as a rare event.Conclusions. Given the high interest of specialists in the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases, it seems appropriate to conduct further studies in this direction using various laboratory diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Applications of Topological Data Analysis in Oncology

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuraag Bukkuri ◽  
Noemi Andor ◽  
Isabel K. Darcy
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tumor Segmentation ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
Topological Data

The emergence of the information age in the last few decades brought with it an explosion of biomedical data. But with great power comes great responsibility: there is now a pressing need for new data analysis algorithms to be developed to make sense of the data and transform this information into knowledge which can be directly translated into the clinic. Topological data analysis (TDA) provides a promising path forward: using tools from the mathematical field of algebraic topology, TDA provides a framework to extract insights into the often high-dimensional, incomplete, and noisy nature of biomedical data. Nowhere is this more evident than in the field of oncology, where patient-specific data is routinely presented to clinicians in a variety of forms, from imaging to single cell genomic sequencing. In this review, we focus on applications involving persistent homology, one of the main tools of TDA. We describe some recent successes of TDA in oncology, specifically in predicting treatment responses and prognosis, tumor segmentation and computer-aided diagnosis, disease classification, and cellular architecture determination. We also provide suggestions on avenues for future research including utilizing TDA to analyze cancer time-series data such as gene expression changes during pathogenesis, investigation of the relation between angiogenic vessel structure and treatment efficacy from imaging data, and experimental confirmation that geometric and topological connectivity implies functional connectivity in the context of cancer.

scholarly journals A New Hope in Spinal Degenerative Diseases: Piezo1

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Daxue Zhu ◽  
Guangzhi Zhang ◽  
Xudong Guo ◽  
Yidian Wang ◽  
Mingqiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus Cells ◽  
Pathological Mechanism ◽  
Mechanosensitive Ion Channel ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
Lumbar Degenerative Diseases

As a newly discovered mechanosensitive ion channel protein, the piezo1 protein participates in the transmission of mechanical signals on the cell membrane and plays a vital role in mammalian biomechanics. Piezo1 has attracted widespread attention since it was discovered in 2010. In recent years, studies on piezo1 have gradually increased and deepened. In addition to the discovery that piezo1 is expressed in the respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and urinary systems, it is also stably expressed in cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and nucleus pulposus cells that constitute vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs. They can all receive external mechanical stimulation through the piezo1 protein channel to affect cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis to promote the occurrence and development of lumbar degenerative diseases. Through reviewing the relevant literature of piezo1 in the abovementioned cells, this paper discusses the effect of piezo1 protein expression under mechanical stress stimuli on spinal degenerative disease, providing the molecular basis for the pathological mechanism of spinal degenerative disease and also a new basis, ideas, and methods for the prevention and treatment of this degenerative disease.

scholarly journals Evidence of thrombotic microangiopathy in children with SARS-CoV-2 across the spectrum of clinical presentations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (23) ◽  
pp. 6051-6063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Diorio ◽  
Kevin O. McNerney ◽  
Michele Lambert ◽  
Michele Paessler ◽  
Elizabeth M. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complement Activation ◽  
Thrombotic Microangiopathy ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Minimal Disease

Abstract Most children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have mild or minimal disease, with a small proportion developing severe disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults but has not been studied in the pediatric population. We hypothesized that complement activation plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and sought to understand if TMA was present in these patients. We enrolled 50 hospitalized pediatric patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 21, minimal coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]; n = 11, severe COVID-19) or MIS-C (n = 18). As a biomarker of complement activation and TMA, soluble C5b9 (sC5b9, normal 247 ng/mL) was measured in plasma, and elevations were found in patients with minimal disease (median, 392 ng/mL; interquartile range [IQR], 244-622 ng/mL), severe disease (median, 646 ng/mL; IQR, 203-728 ng/mL), and MIS-C (median, 630 ng/mL; IQR, 359-932 ng/mL) compared with 26 healthy control subjects (median, 57 ng/mL; IQR, 9-163 ng/mL; P < .001). Higher sC5b9 levels were associated with higher serum creatinine (P = .01) but not age. Of the 19 patients for whom complete clinical criteria were available, 17 (89%) met criteria for TMA. A high proportion of tested children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had evidence of complement activation and met clinical and diagnostic criteria for TMA. Future studies are needed to determine if hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 should be screened for TMA, if TMA-directed management is helpful, and if there are any short- or long-term clinical consequences of complement activation and endothelial damage in children with COVID-19 or MIS-C.

scholarly journals Changes Of Symptoms And The Ability Of Anxiety Patients After Exercise Of Thought Stopping And Family Psychoeducation

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Laela ◽  
Mustikasari Mustikasari ◽  
Ice Yulia Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Interpersonal Theory ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Family Psychoeducation ◽  
Before And After

Patients with degenerative disease were hospitalized may experience an anxiety psychological problem affecting the condition of the illness. The handling of this case aims to determine the change of symptom signs and ability of anxiety patients after exercise thought stopping and family psychoeducation. The design was case study with 25 participants. The analysis was performed on symptoms and abilities of patients and families before and after nursing intervention, thought stopping and family psychoeducation. The case handling on the same topic has been done before, but that distinguishes the author using Peplau's interpersonal theory approach. This makes its different and important to do. The result of the case handling shows the age of 18-60 years, female 13 people, men 12 people, Sundanese and  the decreased signs of anxiety symptoms, also the increased the ability of families in caring for family members who experienced anxiety. Nursing intervention, thought stopping and family psychoeducation are recommended as nursing therapy for patients anxiety with degenerative diseases.

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