scholarly journals Electrical Properties of Two Types of Membrane Component Used in Taste Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8343
Author(s):  
Zhanyi Xiang ◽  
Yifei Jing ◽  
Hidekazu Ikezaki ◽  
Kiyoshi Toko
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Membrane Component ◽  
Membrane Impedance ◽  
Nitrophenyl Octyl Ether ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Depth Study

The lipid phosphoric acid di-n-decyl ester (PADE) has played an important role in the development of taste sensors. As previously reported, however, the concentration of PADE and pH of the solution affected the dissociation of H+, which made the measurement results less accurate and stable. In addition, PADE caused deterioration in the response to bitterness because PADE created the acidic environment in the membrane. To solve these problems, our past study tried to replace the PADE with a completely dissociated substance called tetrakis [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] borate sodium salt dehydrate (TFPB) as lipid. To find out whether the two substances can be effectively replaced, it is necessary to perform an in-depth study on the properties of the two membranes themselves. In this study, we fabricated two types of membrane electrodes, based on PADE or TFPB, respectively, using 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizer. We measured the selectivity to cations such as Cs+, K+, Na+ and Li+, and also the membrane impedance of the membranes comprising PADE or TFPB of the different concentrations. As a result, we found that any concentration of PADE membranes always had low ion selectivity, while the ion selectivity of TFPB membranes was concentration-dependent, showing increasing ion selectivity with the TFPB concentrations. The ion selectivity order was Cs+>K+>Na+>Li+. The hydration of ions was considered to participate in this phenomenon. In addition, the membrane impedance decreased with increasing PADE and TFPB concentrations, while the magnitudes differed, implying that there is a difference in the dissociation of the two substances. The obtained results will contribute to the development of novel receptive membranes of taste sensors.

scholarly journals In-depth study on structural, optical, photoluminescence and electrical properties of electrodeposited Cu2O thin films for optoelectronics: An effect of solution pH

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ravichandiran ◽  
A. Sakthivelu ◽  
R. Davidprabu ◽  
S. Valanarasu ◽  
A. Kathalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Cu2o Thin Films

scholarly journals Planar Offset Short Applicable to the Calibration of a Free-Space Material Measurement System in W-Band

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Jin-Seob Kang ◽  
Jeong-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Electromagnetic Devices ◽  
W Band ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Space Material

The electrical properties of materials and their dependence on frequency and temperature are indispensable in designing electromagnetic devices and systems in various areas of engineering and science for both basic and applied researches. A free-space transmission/reflection method measuring the free-space scattering parameters of a material under test (MUT) located at the middle of transmit/receive antennas in a free space is suitable for non-destructively testing the MUT without prior machining or physical contact in high-frequency range. This paper describes a planar offset short applicable to the calibration of a quasi-optic based free-space material measurement system in the millimeter-wave frequency range. The measurement results of the dimensional and electrical properties for the three fabricated planar offset shorts with the phase difference of 120° between the reflection coefficients of the planar shorts in the W-band (75–110 GHz) are presented.

Ion-selectivity of plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride) membrane electrodes

1986 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 347-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solfrid Buøen ◽  
Johannes Dale ◽  
Walter Lund
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

scholarly journals Membrane Electrodes for the Determination of Pyridostigmine Bromide

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1631-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira M El-Kosasy ◽  
Maissa Y Salem ◽  
Mohamed G El-Bardicy ◽  
Mohamed K Abd El-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Pyridostigmine Bromide ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Anionic Site ◽  
Nitrophenyl Octyl Ether ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intact Drug ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Drug Solution

Abstract Two pyridostigmine bromide (PB) selective electrodes were investigated with 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether as a plasticizer in a polymeric matrix of carboxylated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-COOH), based on the interaction between the drug solution and the dissociated COOH groups in the PVC-COOH. One of the sensors was fabricated by using PVC-COOH only as anionic site without incorporation of an ionophore (sensor 1). The second sensor was constructed by using 2-hydroxy propyl -cyclodextrin as an ionophore (sensor 2). Linear responses of PB within a concentration range of 103102 and 105102 M, with slopes of 51.9 0.31 and 56.7 0.40 mV/decade over pH range of 510 were obtained using sensors 2 and 1, respectively. The proposed method displayed useful analytical characteristics for determination of PB in tablets with average recoveries of 100.22 0.62, and 100.15 0.72, and in plasma with average recoveries of 99.14 1.19 and 99.79 0.72, for sensors 2 and 1, respectively. The utility of 2-hydroxy propyl -cyclodextrin as an ionophore has a significant influence on increasing both membrane sensitivity and selectivity of sensor 2 in comparison with sensor 1. The methods were also used to determine the intact drug in the presence of its degradate, and thus could be used as stability-indicating methods. The results obtained by the proposed procedures were statistically analyzed and compared with those obtained by the U.S. Pharmacopeia method. No significant difference for either accuracy or precision was observed.

Adhesion and Electrical Properties of Copper Nitride Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Rong Xiao ◽  
Ai Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Copper Nitride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lattice Constants ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Deposition Power ◽  
Measurement Results

Copper nitride films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering on glass sheets at different deposition conditions. The surface morphology of the films was evaluated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM images demonstrate that the films have a compact structure. The structure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). We focused on the influence of preparation parameters on the adhesion and electrical properties of the films. The metallurgical microscope results indicate that the adhesion of the films enhances with increasing deposition power. The current-voltage (I-V) measurement results show that the resistivity of the films increases with the increasing lattice constants.

scholarly journals Modelling of electrical properties of mn-zn ferrites taking into account the frequency of the occurrence of the dimensional resonance

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Plamenova Todorova ◽  
Vencislav Cekov Valchev ◽  
Alex Van den Bossche
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Electro Magnetic ◽  
Circuit Modelling ◽  
Magnetic Nature ◽  
Frequency Dependences ◽  
Dimensional Resonance

Abstract Besides their magnetic properties, Mn-Zn ferrites are also characterized by appreciable electrical properties. This electro- magnetic nature of Mn-Zn ferrites material properties causes a dimensional resonance to occur in samples. The latter hinders measurements of the frequency dependences of intrinsic permittivity and electrical conductivity. In the paper, we present a sign in measurement results that shows the frequency range in which dimensional resonance has already occurred. Above this range, properties extracted from measurements are not intrinsic any longer. We refer to the sign to determine the last point of the measurement data set that is used as an input for an equivalent circuit modelling of the electrical properties. This “last point” criterion helps to exclude the possibility of modelling apparent properties instead of intrinsic ones. The results obtained show that the frequency dependent electrical properties may be well modeled even if the upper limit of the input frequency range to the curve fitting is below the frequency range in which the dimensional resonance occurs.

scholarly journals Magnetic-Electric Behaviors and Physical Properties of The Thin Films on ITO-Glass Substrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (2) ◽  
pp. 022070
Author(s):  
Xiaofen Liu ◽  
Xiujuan Wang ◽  
Zirui Zhang ◽  
Jin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Annealing Conditions ◽  
Ito Glass ◽  
Measurement Results

Abstract Polycrystalline BiFeO3 thin films on ITO glass substrates were prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering using a Bi1.1FeO3 target. The samples which were annealed with different annealing conditions are pure without impurities. We measured the magnetic properties and ferroelectricity of the BiFeO3 films. The measurement results show that the magnetic and electrical properties of the BiFeO3 films are significantly different under different annealing conditions.

scholarly journals Preparation, Characterization, and Modeling of Carbon Nanofiber/Epoxy Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan-Hui Sun ◽  
Zoubeida Ounaies ◽  
Xin-Lin Gao ◽  
Casey A. Whalen ◽  
Zhen-Guo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Alternate Current ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Matrix Nanocomposites

There is a lack of systematic investigations on both mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced epoxy matrix nanocomposites. In this paper, an in-depth study of both static and dynamic mechanical behaviors and electrical properties of CNF/epoxy nanocomposites with various contents of CNFs is provided. A modified Halpin-Tsai equation is used to evaluate the Young's modulus and storage modulus of the nanocomposites. The values of Young's modulus predicted using this method account for the effect of the CNF agglomeration and fit well with those obtained experimentally. The results show that the highest tensile strength is found in the epoxy nanocomposite with a 1.0 wt% CNFs. The alternate-current (AC) electrical properties of the CNF/epoxy nanocomposites exhibit a typical insulator-conductor transition. The conductivity increases by four orders of magnitude with the addition of 0.1 wt% (0.058 vol%) CNFs and by ten orders of magnitude for nanocomposites with CNF volume fractions higher than 1.0 wt% (0.578 vol%). The percolation threshold (i.e., the critical CNF volume fraction) is found to be at 0.057 vol%.

scholarly journals Computational Study of Graphene–Polypyrrole Composite Electrical Conductivity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 827
Author(s):  
Oladipo Folorunso ◽  
Yskandar Hamam ◽  
Rotimi Sadiku ◽  
Suprakas Sinha Ray
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Intrinsic Conductivity ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Insulation Thickness ◽  
Electrochemical Electrode ◽  
Polypyrrole Composite

In this study, the electrical properties of graphene–polypyrrole (graphene-PPy) nanocomposites were thoroughly investigated. A numerical model, based on the Simmons and McCullough equations, in conjunction with the Monte Carlo simulation approach, was developed and used to analyze the effects of the thickness of the PPy, aspect ratio diameter of graphene nanorods, and graphene intrinsic conductivity on the transport of electrons in graphene–PPy–graphene regions. The tunneling resistance is a critical factor determining the transport of electrons in composite devices. The junction capacitance of the composite was predicted. A composite with a large insulation thickness led to a poor electrochemical electrode. The dependence of the electrical conductivity of the composite on the volume fraction of the filler was studied. The results of the developed model are consistent with the percolation theory and measurement results reported in literature. The formulations presented in this study can be used for optimization, prediction, and design of polymer composite electrical properties.

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