scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Socio-Economic Driving Factors of Food Expenditure Variation between Provinces in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Putra ◽  
Guangji Tong ◽  
Didit Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Spatial Connectivity ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Food security has become one of the global challenges; therefore, monitoring food consumption is required. As food consumption is a resultant of food availability at an affordable price, food expenditure actually is a key indicator to assess food security policy. Particularly, the link of food expenditure with socio-economic factors based on the perspective of spatial connectivity should be understood as nowadays food supply and demand between regions are increasingly connected. This study aims to define socio-economic driving factors of food expenditure that considering spatial connectivity between provinces in Indonesia. Data of household food expenditure and socio-economic factors by province including urbanization level, economic growth, gross domestic regional product (GDRP) per capita, poverty severity index, and unemployment rate were used. The preliminary test on the spatial correlation of food expenditure showed a significant result; thus, a spatial regression approach was employed. The results showed that declining food expenditure did not simply indicate increasing prosperity. Larger income disparity among the poor has become crucial to detect lower food expenditure caused by a lack of income. In addition, the increasing unemployment rate was followed by increasing food expenditure. Despite economic growth, increasing GDRP per capita and urbanization contributing to declining food expenditure, both poverty and unemployment are the main issues that threaten household’s ability to afford food. Furthermore, the effect of food expenditure in the neighboring region is also significant, but it shows a contradictory relationship as food expenditure in a region is decreasing when food expenditure in its neighbors is increasing, and vice versa. Therefore, reducing disparities in economic growth, GDRP per capita, urbanization, poverty, and unemployment rate between provinces is also crucial to support more equal food expenditure as well as to achieve the second goal of SDG’s (Sustainable Development Goals) in improving food security.

scholarly journals Unemployment and income as factors of economic crime: a study based on data of the Federal districts of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Nikolay Myachin ◽  
Timur Ahmedov
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The article consists of theoretical and empirical parts. In the theoretical part, the authors review domestic statistical models describing the level of economic crime and the factors that influence it. At the first stage of the empirical part, the authors compare the median values of the level of economic crime in the Federal districts of Russia from 2010 to 2019 and check the statistical significance of the differences. At the second stage, the impact of the unemployment rate, the amount of per capita income and their interaction on the level of economic crime in the country's regions is estimated. As a result of determining the impact of socio-economic factors on the crime rate, a grouping of Federal districts of Russia was carried out.

Determinants of Terrorism in South Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1598-1617
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Das ◽  
Sovik Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Dynamic Panel Models ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Terrorist activities in the post-Paris Peace Treaties have emerged as one of the most perilous agendas that are troubling the world economies and political figures in securing their nations and regions. Several socio-economic factors were evidenced to be the crucial factors in determining terrorist activities all around the world. The present article strives to identify the significance of several socio economic factors, namely, refugee population, access to good sanitation facilities, youth unemployment rate, percentage of education expenditure to GDP, percentage of military expenditure to GDP, per capita GDP and political stability in the panel of seven South Asian countries and China for the period 2002-2016. By applying both static and dynamic panel models, the article observes that all of the selected variables explain the terrorism index with expected signs. The article thus prescribes that the governments of the selected countries should concentrate on allocating their budgets on the improvements of sectors underlying the associated indicators.

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationships between Renewable Energy Consumption, Socio-Economic Factors and Health: A PVAR Analysis from MENA Net Oil Importing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kadria ◽  
Sahbi Farhani ◽  
Yosr Guirat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

In this paper, we tried to contribute to the previous literature by analyzing the relationship between renewable energy consumption, socio-economic factors and health in the presence of a stringent environmental policy and lobbying power. Using a Panel Vector Auto-Regressive (PVAR) technique, we specifically examine the role of the government effectiveness and the lobbying pressure in moderating the impact of renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions, economic growth and health factor considering the case of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Net Oil Importing Countries (NOICs) from 1996 to 2019. Our analysis shows that (i) environmental policy stringency and good governance will induce a rise in the level of renewable energy consumption; (ii) lobbying power and interest groups discourage the renewable energy sector’s development since the add in economic growth of these economies is not oriented towards renewable energy projects; (iii) a rise in renewable energy consumption, perhaps generated by renewable energy policies, should favor the improvement of public health. Finally, the political implications of the findings are summarized and discussed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Good Government Governance Dan Ukuran Legislatif Terhadap Kinerja Pemerintah Daerah

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1426-1442
Author(s):  
Vegy Gustianra ◽  
Vanica Serly
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Governance Index ◽  
Good Government ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Government Governance

The variables tested in the study consist of Good Government Governance measured by the rank of Indonesia Governance Index (IGI) and the size of the legislative by using the number of members of the districs parliament, and also local government performance measured by three proxies, the GDP per capita, Poverty Rates, Independence Ratios, Economic Growth and unemployment rate. The study is conducted in 33 district in Indonesia on 2014. The results show that two is no significant effect of good government governance on local government performance by proxy ofIndependence Ratios and Economic Growth. One is no significant effect on the size of the legislative on the performance of local government by proxy of economic growth. one is significant impact on the size of the legislative on the performance of local government by proxy of Independence Ratiosand three model of studi good government governance and the size of the legislative on the performance of local government by proxy of GDP per capita, Poverty Rates,unemployment rate.

scholarly journals A system dynamics approach to food security: The case of Turkey

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Muhammed Çelik ◽  
◽  
Zehra Vildan Serin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
Per Capita

Predicting a sustainable food safety policy for the near future is among Turkey's priority problems. In this context, this study aims to predict Turkey's sustainable food safety policies. For this reason, the system dynamics model, which is a dynamic cycle-based method with stock and flow diagrams, is used in this paper. This study supposed the six different scenarios for 2020 and 2050. Data were selected as population, productivity rate, arable land fertility rate, and annual food consumption (per capita). The purpose of creating these scenarios; To determine the most appropriate policy to ensure food safety in Turkey. In the first scenario, we assumed that the current situation continues. In the second scenario, the average productivity rate was increased by 1.5%. The third scenario assumes that annual per capita food consumption rises to 1.2 tonnes per year. In the fourth scenario, the total fertility rate is accelerated by 2%. In the fifth scenario, we assumed that the arable land loss rate decreased by 1/3. Finally, we assumed that the sixth scenario covers all the second, third, fourth, and fifth scenarios and that 2 points reduce food losses. In conclusion, the findings show that food security responds positively in scenarios 2 and 6. However, in other scenarios, food security is negatively affected. The findings show that the sixth scenario is the best-case scenario. To ensure food security, it is necessary to reduce arable land losses and food waste. Training farmers and control of the food supply chain will be beneficial for sustainable food security in Turkey. We recommend that policymakers consider these recommendations.

scholarly journals Using DEA to evaluate efficiency of higher education

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réka Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Higher Education Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Higher Education Systems ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The aim of the higher education reform process both in Hungary and in the European countries is establishing a competitive, qualitative higher education with efficiently operating institutions. The question of efficiency needs increased attention not only because of the decline of the state support but also the rapid raise of the student mass. In the educationsystemit’snot easy to measurethe output of the services.The situation is more complicated if an organisation or a sector has multiple inputs and outputs. In this case a possible method of determining efficiency is Data Envelopment Analysis. In my paper I’d like to introduce this method and use it to compare the efficiency of higher education systems. urthermore I am examining whether their efficiency is influenced by the extent of the contribution of the state and the private sector or socio-economic factors like GDP per capita and education level of parents.  

Socio-economic Influence on Information Technology

2011 ◽  
pp. 48-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Azari ◽  
James Pick
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
College Education ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This chapter examines the influence of socio-economic factors on the employment, payroll, and number of enterprises of three technology sectors for counties in California. Based on correlation and regression analyses, the results reveal that factors that are important correlates of technology sectors are professional/scientific/technical services, other services, and educational services, ethnicity, and college education. As a whole, the findings emphasize the importance of the association of socio-economic factors with the per capita magnitude of the technology sectors. This chapter suggests steps that can be taken by the state of California and its county and local governments to foster technology and reduce the digital divide.

Food Consumption Pattern and Nutrient Intake in Selected Blocks of Palampur Tehsil of Kangra District of Himachal Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Rekha Sharma ◽  
Y. S. Dhaliwal ◽  
Ranjana Verma
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Food Consumption Pattern

<p>Economic growth is typically accompanied by improvements in a country’s food supply, both quantitative and qualitative, and a gradual reduction in nutritional deficiencies. It also brings about changes in the production, processing, distribution and marketing of food. Diets evolve over time and are influenced by factors such as income, prices, individual preferences and beliefs, cultural traditions, as well as geographical, environmental, social and economic factors. The economic growth in a country eventually leads to a shift in food preferences and consumption pattern and affects nutritional status of the people. This study aims to gather knowledge about food consumption pattern and nutrient intake of respondents of selected blocks of Palampur Tehsil. Palampur Tehsil was selected purposely as it represents the cosmopolitan population. The food consumed by the subject was determined by using 24 hr recall method. The actual intake of food was calculated by using standard nutritive values and RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowances) of NIN (National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad). The results were presented in tabular form using average, percentage and NAR (Nutrient Adequacy Ratio) value. Results show that maximum number of respondents were non-vegetarian. The per capita intake for cereal was higher in Baijnath (436.00±9.08 g/day), followed by Bhawarna (430.33±2.11 g/day) and Panchrukhi (426.43±15.81 g/day) respectively as compared to RDA (400 g/day). The per capita intake of pulses (g/day) was less as compared to RDA in Baijnath (65.30±2.21g/day) and Bhawarna (69.49±2.13 g/day). A slightly higher consumption of pulses was observed in Panchrukhi (81.69±2.54 g/day). The higher number of non vegetarian were from Panchrukhi (90%) followed by Baijnath (73.33%) and Bhawarna (60%) blocks respectively. Per capita consumption of vegetables was significantly less in Panchrukhi (198.77±8.69 g/day), Baijnath (277.69±10.62g/day) and Bhawarna (301.00±14.20g/day it is at par with RDA (300 g/day). The consumption of ‘milk and milk products’ was highest in Bhawarna (375.56±22.95 g/day), followed by Baijnath (344.62± 14.99 g/day) and Panchrukhi (212.81±20.82 g/day). Consumption of ‘fats and oils’ by the respondents in all blocks were higher as compared to RDA (30 g/day).</p>

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