Socio-economic Influence on Information Technology

2011 ◽  
pp. 48-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasool Azari ◽  
James Pick
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
College Education ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This chapter examines the influence of socio-economic factors on the employment, payroll, and number of enterprises of three technology sectors for counties in California. Based on correlation and regression analyses, the results reveal that factors that are important correlates of technology sectors are professional/scientific/technical services, other services, and educational services, ethnicity, and college education. As a whole, the findings emphasize the importance of the association of socio-economic factors with the per capita magnitude of the technology sectors. This chapter suggests steps that can be taken by the state of California and its county and local governments to foster technology and reduce the digital divide.

Socio Economic Influence on Information Technology

2011 ◽  
pp. 314-330
Author(s):  
Rasool Azari ◽  
James Pick
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
College Education ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This chapter examines the influence of socio-economic factors on the employment, payroll, and number of enterprises of three technology sectors for counties in California. Based on correlation and regression analyses, the results reveal that factors that are important correlates of technology sectors are professional/scientific/technical services, other services, and educational services, ethnicity, and college education. As a whole, the findings emphasize the importance of the association of socio economic factors with the per capita magnitude of the technology sectors. This chapter suggests steps that can be taken by the state of California and its county and local governments to foster technology and reduce the digital divide.

scholarly journals Socio‐economic factors do also matter: comments on the article “Can climatic factors explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the spanish regions?: an ecological study”

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthit Phosri ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Mariko Harada Sassa ◽  
Kouji H. Harada
Keyword(s):  
Regional Difference ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractA report published in this journal showed an inversely significant association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) before the pandemic and cumulative COVID-19 cases in Spain. The analyses employed several meteorological factors, but socio-economic factors were not included. We examined the associations of COVID-19 cases with selected factors and found a significance on gross domestic product per capita (p = 0.037 by Spearman’s correlation). Hence, simple regression analyses of UVR would be confounded with regional difference in economic activities. In addition, we raised several questions for limitations due to the study design and analyses.

Determinants of Terrorism in South Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1598-1617
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Das ◽  
Sovik Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Dynamic Panel Models ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Terrorist activities in the post-Paris Peace Treaties have emerged as one of the most perilous agendas that are troubling the world economies and political figures in securing their nations and regions. Several socio-economic factors were evidenced to be the crucial factors in determining terrorist activities all around the world. The present article strives to identify the significance of several socio economic factors, namely, refugee population, access to good sanitation facilities, youth unemployment rate, percentage of education expenditure to GDP, percentage of military expenditure to GDP, per capita GDP and political stability in the panel of seven South Asian countries and China for the period 2002-2016. By applying both static and dynamic panel models, the article observes that all of the selected variables explain the terrorism index with expected signs. The article thus prescribes that the governments of the selected countries should concentrate on allocating their budgets on the improvements of sectors underlying the associated indicators.

scholarly journals Using DEA to evaluate efficiency of higher education

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réka Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Higher Education Reform ◽  
The State ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Higher Education Systems ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The aim of the higher education reform process both in Hungary and in the European countries is establishing a competitive, qualitative higher education with efficiently operating institutions. The question of efficiency needs increased attention not only because of the decline of the state support but also the rapid raise of the student mass. In the educationsystemit’snot easy to measurethe output of the services.The situation is more complicated if an organisation or a sector has multiple inputs and outputs. In this case a possible method of determining efficiency is Data Envelopment Analysis. In my paper I’d like to introduce this method and use it to compare the efficiency of higher education systems. urthermore I am examining whether their efficiency is influenced by the extent of the contribution of the state and the private sector or socio-economic factors like GDP per capita and education level of parents.  

scholarly journals Social-economic drivers overwhelm climate in underlying the COVID-19 early growth rate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
List Type ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Negative Relationships ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractIdentifying the drivers underlying the spatial occurrence and spreading rate of COVID-19 can provide valuable information for their preventions and controls. Here, we examine how socio-economic and climate drivers affect the early growth rates of COVID-19 in China and the other countries, the former of which have consistently stricter quarantine during early epidemic and thus are used to enquire the influences of human interventions on trainsimissions. We find that the early growth rates of COVID-19 are higher in China than the other countries, which is consistent with previous reports. The global spread is mainly driven by the socio-economic factors such as GDP per capita, human movement and population density rather than climate. Among socio-economic factors, GDP per capita is most important showing negative relationships in China, while positive in the other countries. However, the predicability of early growth rates by socio-economic and climate variables is at least 1.6 times higher in China’s provinces than the other countries, which is further supported by metapopulation network model. These findings collectively indicate that the stochasticity of transimission processes decrease upon strict quarantine measures such as travel restrictions.Key findingsGDP per capita is most important in driving the spread of COVID-19, which shows negative relationships within China, while positive in the other countries.Socio-economic and climate factors are key in driving the early growth rate of COVID-19, while the former is more important.Socio-economic and climate features explain more variations of early growth rates in China due to the decreased stochasticity of transimission processes upon strict quarantine measures.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using innovative urban design approaches for economic regional development

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07027
Author(s):  
Richard Jankura ◽  
Viktor Soltes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Research background: Globalization affects the daily lives of every individual, and therefore of the society in which he lives. In the coming years, almost 80% of the population will live in cities, which will have an impact on the socio-economic development of cities. These facts can lead to a deterioration of the security situation. Therefore, cities focused on the design of urban development, and thus on the elimination of undesirable factors. Purpose of the article: Cities around the world began to attend with architectural modifications of spaces, which could positively influence socio-economic factors. Changing the environment can reduce crime in localities. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of selected approaches on the quality of citizens’ life and to point out the possibilities of crime prevention through environmental design. Methods: Solution that deals with influencing the urban environment is the CPTED method. This approach focuses on the urban space and the principles of the fight against crime. The article describes the principles of CPTED application in urban space, and ways of its possible use. The methods of economic analysis and mathematical statistics will also evaluate the economic impacts on the budget of the entity using the approach. Findings & Value added: Due to globalization, built-up areas in cities are expanding. These changes have implications for socio-economic factors. The findings can be used in the design of new as well as existing urban spaces by public administration entities (especially regional and local governments), but also by private developers.

scholarly journals WASTE MANAGEMENT SERVICE IN INDONESIA BASED ON STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS

TRIKONOMIKA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Nurul Laily Luthfiani ◽  
Hastarini Dwi Atmanti
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Gender Ratio ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Waste management in the big cities of Indonesia is still become a complicated problem. This article aims to analyze the influence of socio-economic factors which consist of GRDP per capita, population density, gender ratio, the proportion of population productive age and education on the efficiency of waste management service (WMS) in provincial capitals in Indonesia. The method used was Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). The resulted WMS efficiency from this study were 0.39. Based on that value, it means the efficiency of WMS are still low and the efficiency can be improved about 61%. It also can be concluded that all variables were significantly influenced the WMS efficiency, except gender ratio. Expected that the result of this study can be used by both central and local government to improve the WMS in Indonesia.

scholarly journals BRIDGING THE DIGITAL DIVIDE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Education Law ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
If Digitalization ◽  
Contact Free ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The Covid-19 crisis has added importance to contact-free transactions and maximum digitalization in every aspect of life. However, vast sections of societies in almost every country are not having access to modern information & communication technology. This has resulted in a phenomenon known as the Digital Divide. Various socio-economic factors contribute to widening of this divide. If digitalization has to succeed faster, we need to bridge this gap as fast as possible. All stakeholders of ICT need to pool their resources and eff orts to help in bridging the digital divide, by enhancing digital literacy and making it more aff ordable. This Paper is based on the speech delivered in the International online conference «New Digital Reality: Science and Education, Law, Security, Economics and Finance» held on July 6–10, 2020.

scholarly journals Breast cancer and socio-economic factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anees B. Chagpar ◽  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose: The aim of this study is twofold – on the one hand, to analyze the relationship between incidence of breast cancer, income per capita and medical equipment across countries; after that, the study here discusses the drivers of the incidence of breast cancer across countries in order to pinpoint differences and similarities. Methods: The indicators used are incidence of breast cancer based on Age-standardized rate (ASW); Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita by purchasing power parity (current international $); computed tomography (CT) for cancer diagnosis. Data include 52 countries. The statistical analysis is carried out by correlation, ANOVA and an econometric modeling based on a multiple regression model of the breast cancer incidence on two explanatory variables. Results: Partial correlation is higher: rbreast cancer, GDP  CT=60.3% (sign.0.00). The estimated relationship shows an expected incidence of breast cancer increase of approximately 0.05% for a GDP increase of 1% and an expected incidence of breast cancer increase of approximately 3.23% for a CT increase of 1%. ANOVA confirms that incidence of breast cancer is higher across richer countries, ceteris paribus. Conclusions: Empirical evidence shows that the breast cancer tends to be higher across richer countries, measured by GDP per capita and number of Computed Tomography. The main determinants of these findings can be due to several socio-economic factors, mainly localized in richer countries. In addition, this research may provide an alternative interpretation to the theory of Oh et al. (2010) on the influence of latitude on breast cancer, focusing on socio-economic factors rather than biologic root causes.

scholarly journals The socio-economic catalysers of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Jošić
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Population Variable ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The City ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic was triggered on December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China, spreading across the world causing global economic crisis and public health emergency. One could ask: what are the socio-economic factors that catalyse the spread of the disease and why are some countries more affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to investigate these socio-economic catalysers of the COVID-19 spread. For that purpose, a cross-country regression analysis was conducted at three time points (April 1st, 2020, April 15th 2020 and April 29th, 2020) using OLS, Tobit and PPML estimators. The results of the analysis have shown that countries with higher gross domestic product per capita, population, HDI and HFI indices have been hardely hit with the global COVID-19 pandemic. When some variables were transformed with by dividing it with the population variable, POPDEN and TOUR variables appeared to be significant. The AGE variable was important in the model taking into account total deaths due to the COVID-19 infection. The limitations of the paper are related to data unavailability for some variables in the most recent year. The results obtained from this analysis should be repeated, taking into account other time points and additional COVID-19 socioeconomic catalysers.

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