scholarly journals Analyzing the Relationship between Agricultural FDI and Food Security: Evidence from Belt and Road Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2906
Author(s):  
Hongxing Yao ◽  
Mohammed Ismail Alhussam ◽  
Omar Abu Risha ◽  
Bilal Ahmed Memon
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
One Step ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzes the relationship between agricultural foreign direct investment (FDI) and food security on Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries in a panel framework over the period 2006–2015 using correlation analysis, the specific-effect model, and the 2SLS technique. The study aims to: first, analyze the correlation between agricultural FDI and food security for each country, individually; then, investigate whether there is a direct relationship, using the specific-effect model. Finally, by taking one step further, this study uses the 2SLS method to determine whether there is an indirect relationship through agricultural productivity. Our results show that the sampled countries have clear differences in the direction of the relationship between food security and agricultural FDI. But, in general, the agricultural FDI has a positive direct and indirect effect on food security; this effect is seen clearly when the country attracts agricultural FDIs steadily.

scholarly journals Spiritual intelligence, mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, depression relationship with mental well-being among persons with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojujutari Kenni Ajele ◽  
Teslim Alabi Oladejo ◽  
Abimbola A. Akanni ◽  
Oyeyemi Bukola Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Process Macro

Abstract Purposes The study examined the mediation moderated effects of spiritual intelligence and mindfulness on the relationship between emotional dysregulation, depression and mental well-being. It also investigated the mediating effects of mindfulness on the relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being in persons with diabetes. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 636 (age 32–74 years; mean = 40.31; SD = 8.40) people living with diabetes who are registered patients and were attending the clinic in Department of Endocrinology, Ondo State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa and Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja. The data were analysed using Pearson Multiple correlation and mediation moderated model 29 and mediation model 4 of PROCESS macro. The analyses were carried out with PROCESS macro for IBM/SPSS Version 25.0. Results Showed significant and positive direct relationship between depression on mental well-being of person with diabetes, β = 0.39, 95 % CI (0.29, 0.48). Results showed mindfulness (β = 0.00, 95 % CI: 0.00, 0.00) and spiritual intelligence (β = -0.01, 0.00, 95 % CI: -0.01, -0.01) significantly moderated the existing direct relationship between depression and mental well-being of persons with diabetes Results showed significant and positive indirect relationship between depression and mental well-being via emotional dysfunctional of persons with diabetes, β = 0.46, 95 % CI (0.44, 0.48). Results showed mindfulness (β = -0.02, 95 %, CI; -0.03, -0.02) and spiritual intelligence (β = -0.00, 95 %, CI: 00.00, -0.01) significant moderated the existing indirect relationship between depression and mental well-being occurred via emotional dysfunctional of persons with diabetes. Results showed significant direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being of persons with diabetes, β = -0.12, 95 %, CI: (0.09, 0.16). Results showed mindfulness significantly mediates the existing direct relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental well-being of persons with diabetes, β = -0.11, 95 %, CI: (0.08, 0.15). Results also significant direct relationship between spiritual and mindfulness of persons with diabetes, β = 0. 0.25, 95 % CI: 0.18, 0.31). Conclusion Emotional dysregulation play mediating role of the association between depression and mental well-being of persons with diabetes was moderated by spiritual intelligence and mindfulness. Therefore, the study concludes that pay attention spiritual intelligence and mindfulness in management of diabetes will enhance mental well-being of persons with diabetes.

On the Relationship between Informal and Formal Institutions, Foreign Direct Investment, and Innovation in Emerging Markets

2016 ◽  
pp. 176-197
Author(s):  
Natalya Smith ◽  
Ekaterina Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Innovation Output ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
India And China

This chapter examines innovation in socio-institutional environments of three largest and most diverse emerging markets: Russia, India and China over the period 1990-2014. It considers formal (proxied by corruption) and informal (proxied by trust) institutions and non-linear forces. It also examines the role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in (the likelihood of) fostering innovation and of two research and development (R&D) inputs: R&D expenditures and personnel. A significantly positive direct effect of trust and a negative direct effect of corruption are confirmed, whilst there is a significant non-linear decreasing relationship with trust and increasing relationship with corruption. Interestingly, FDI and R&D expenditures are found to decrease innovation, whilst R&D personnel increase innovation output across the sample.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Motivation, Organisational Commitment and Competence with Job Satisfaction and Lecturers Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
M. Jamal Abdul Nasir ◽  
Bambang Budi Wiyono ◽  
. Supriyono ◽  
Achmad Supriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this research is to find out a direct and an indirect relationship between motivation, organisational commitment, and lecturers competence and job satisfaction and lecturers performance. This was non-experimental research using a quantitative approach with ex-post facto designs. Hypotheses of this research aim to prove the relationship between variables. The data were collected by using questionnaire distributed to the randomly-chosen respondents and analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The conclusion of the modeling analysis result of these five variables are: (1) lecturers motivation has not a direct relationship with lecturers performance; (2) lecturers commitment has an indirect relationship with lecturers performance; (3) both exogenous variables (lecturers motivation and commitment) need intervening variable (job satisfaction) to be proven to be related to the lecturers performance; and (4) it is only lecturers competence variable having a direct relationship with lecturers performance even though without passing through mediation and lecturers job satisfaction variable.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Islamic Religiosity dan Halal Knowledge terhadap Purchase Intention Kosmetik Halal Dimediasi oleh Attitude terhadap Produk Halal di Indonesia

Al-Muzara ah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Lisa Adriani ◽  
Ma'ruf
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The World ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Attitude Variable

Indonesia is the largest Muslim country in the world. Every Muslim must consume halal products. The trend in Indonesian society that is developing now is the hijrah trend. People change lifestyles to become more aware and concerned with the halal of a product. The hijrah trend makes halal standardization develop on food and beverages, services and lifestyle (halal cosmetics). One of the halal cosmetics sold in Indonesia is Make Over Brand Cosmetics. Make Over has been registered in the Indonesian Ulema Council as halal cosmetics that can provide security for Muslim. The purpose of this study is to analyze the direct relationship between Islamic religiosity and halal knowledge variables on the attitude and purchase intention variables. Then analyze the indirect relationship between Islamic religiosity and halal knowledge variables on the purchase intention variable that is mediated by the attitude variable. The sampling technique is purposive sampling with 185 respondents. Data analysis techniques using quantitative analysis with analysis tools SmartPLS 3.0. The results of the analysis showed a significant positive direct relationship between Islamic religiosity variables and halal knowledge on the purchase intention and attitude variables. Then there is also an indirect relationship with partial mediation by the attitude variable.

scholarly journals CSR Expenditures, Financial Distress Prediction, and Firm Reputation: A Pathway Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Gavrila Adinata
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Firm Reputation ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Financial Distress Prediction ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
The Relationship

This study is aimed to find the empirical evidence of the relationship between CSR expenditures and financial distress probability of 85 Indonesian’s manufacturing public company listed on BEI. A quantitative method was used to analyze the direct relationship between CSR expenditures and financial distress probability and the indirect effect of the two variables intervened by firm reputation. Observation data was obtained from each of the company’s annual and financial report from the official website of BEI, particularly between the years of 2014 to 2016. Through path analysis method, the results showed that there was an insignificant positive direct relationship between CSR expenditures and financial distress probability of 4.9%. The indirect effect between the two variables also showed the value of 3.7%, but the relationship was rather negative. In total, an increase in one standard deviation of CSR expenditures increases the probability of a firm to be financially distressed by 1.2%. However, with the value of 45.1%, it is proven that CSR expenditures and firm reputation has a positive relationship.

scholarly journals Model of the Relationships between Supervising Working Alliance, Counseling Self-Esteem and Attachment Styles

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Ahmad Al- Shraifin
Keyword(s):  
Working Alliance ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Counseling Students ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The study aimed to explore the causal relationships between supervising working alliance, counseling self-esteem and attachment styles through a causal model adopting a path analysis method. The study sample consisted of 289 counseling students at Yarmouk University. Three scales were administered to measure the supervising working alliance, self-esteem and attachment styles.  Results showed a direct relationship between avoidant attachment styles and supervising working alliance, and an indirect relationship with counseling self-esteem. There was a direct relationship between secure attachment style, supervising working alliance and counseling self-esteem; and between supervising working alliance and counseling self-esteem.  In addition, direct and indirect relationships were evident between avoidant attachment style and special relationship domain of supervising working alliance and counseling self-esteem; whereas it affected client focus domain with a direct relationship. Direct relationships also were evident between secure attachment styles, the relationship domain and self-focus domain.  

scholarly journals Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Bilateral Trade: Experience From Asian Emerging Economies

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110544
Author(s):  
Hafiz M. Sohail ◽  
Mir Zatullah ◽  
Zengfu Li
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on bilateral trade between East and South Asian emerging economies, including their related trading partners. We cover the bilateral data on trade and FDI from June 2001 to June 2019. We estimate an augmented gravity model of trade to examine the study sample. This study is the first to use the Mundlak approaches an alternative for the fixed effect model to empirically estimate the relationship between FDI and trade among the countries in the region. Results show that free trade agreements (FTAs) and the corruption perception index (CPI) significantly and positively affect bilateral trade. However, the distance variable has become insignificant after introducing the FTA variable to the model. This finding indicates that FTAs marginalize the effect of distance on bilateral trade between the member countries. Thus, policymakers in developing countries should encourage and liberalize FDI from developing countries to enhance the bilateral trade volume.

Pan-African Brain Circulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Lucas Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Pan Africanism ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper presents a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the number of immigrants from a country and the amount of U.S. direct investment into that country, showing a direct relationship supportive of the emerging brain-circulation model, and discusses the possible use of this model to assist in bringing about the goals of Pan-Africanism. The principles underlying Pan-Africanism are considered in respect to the outcomes of the movement, given the recent political economy of capitalism. Brain circulation provides one focused approach to designing policies and projects for sustainable development in Africa that will impact the lives of Africans there and globally. The transnationalism paradigm, which provides analysis of immigrant communities' identification and allegiance both with their homeland and their U.S. communities, is useful in highlighting factors important to the global Pan-African networking that is required for a successful African/African American brain circulation.

scholarly journals MEDIATION EFFECT OF JOB SATISFACTION ON ORGANIZTIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Leo Tri Hartantyo
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Perceived Organizational Support ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

An organization always need good employees to achieve the goals, Willingness to work optimally, being able to volunteer to work, not just fixing on his duties and responsibilities as a member of the organization becomes important. This research aims to look at the effect of job satisfaction in mediating the relationship between Islamic work ethics (IWE) and perceived organizational support (POS) on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). A total 64 manufacturing company employees participated in the study. The results showed that job satisfaction can be a mediator between IWE and POS on OCB. It was found that the effect of IWE on OCB directly is more significant than indirect relationship. Conversely, impact of POS on OCB indirectly is more significant than direct relationship. This means that without job satisfaction POS can significantly influence OCB.

Virtual dressing room media, buying intention and mediation

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gallayanee Starwind Yaoyuneyong ◽  
Wesley A. Pollitte ◽  
Jamye K. Foster ◽  
Leisa R. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Motivation ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Apparel Shopping ◽  
Shopping Enjoyment ◽  
Dressing Room ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to test the relationships between shopping enjoyment, economic motivation, apparel shopping self-confidence, perceived informativeness, perceived irritation and buying intention, using Uses and Gratification (U&G) theory, in a mediated model using virtual dressing room (VDR) media. Design/methodology/approach The proposed mediation model is tested using the PROCESS (Version 3.0) macro for SPSS with bootstrapping. Findings Results indicate that shopping enjoyment, economic motivation and apparel shopping self-confidence have no direct relationship with buying intention. Additionally, no indirect relationship was found between apparel shopping self-confidence and buying intention. However, outcomes show that both perceived VDR informativeness and perceived VDR irritation mediate the relationships of shopping enjoyment and economic motivation with buying intention by different mechanisms when using VDR media. Additionally, the relationship between shopping enjoyment and buying intention is mediated via perceived VDR informativeness. Finally, economic motivation has both an indirect relationship with buying intention through perceived VDR irritation and a serial mediated relationship via perceived VDR irritation and informativeness. Originality/value This study is original in that it investigates the mediating effect of informativeness and irritation, from U&G theory, on buying intention during VDR media usage. Previous research suggests a direct relationship between shopping enjoyment, economic motivation, apparel shopping self-confidence, informativeness, irritation and buying intention. Results of this research suggest that online retailers should consider the different and complex mediating roles informativeness and irritation play in the relationship between consumer attributes and buying intention when adding media to a website.

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