scholarly journals Laboratory Evaluation of Sustainable PMA Binder Containing Styrene-Isoprene-Styrene (SIS) and Thermoplastic Polyurethane

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10057
Author(s):  
Hyun Hwan Kim ◽  
Mithil Mazumder ◽  
Soon-Jae Lee ◽  
Moon-Sup Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery ◽  
Compaction Processes ◽  
Positive Effect

In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) were utilized to enhance asphalt binder properties. Superpave asphalt binder tests and multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) were conducted to evaluate the physical and rheological performance (viscosity, rutting, and cracking properties) of the asphalt binders before and after short-term aging and after the long-term aging process. The results showed that (i) TPU has a positive effect on workability, including the mixing and compaction processes, which was evident from the reduced binder viscosity; (ii) asphalt binders with TPU and SIS showed better rutting resistance compared to the SIS binders without TPU; (iii) the cracking resistance of asphalt binders was found to be improved significantly with the addition of TPU; and (iv) TPU has the potential to be considered as a sustainable polymer modifier for producing bearable asphalt binders by improving rutting and crack resistance without increasing the melting temperature of the asphalt binders.

scholarly journals Determination of rutting distresses on hot mix asphalts by advanced techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Gabriel Skronka ◽  
Martin Jasso ◽  
Otakar Vacin
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Pavement Distresses ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery

The sustainable use of non-renewable natural resources, such as asphalt binder, can be achieved by adequate planning. The proper assessment of asphalt binders is a prerequisite to the appropriate designing of road constructions that can eventually result in pavements in which the development of pavement distresses can be mitigated. Rutting is the most common distress occurring at high temperatures, which is frequently experienced by such countries as Indonesia; thus, the use of adequate asphalt binder in hot mix asphalt pavements results in long-lasting road constructions. By means of advanced techniques, e.g., multiple stress creep recovery test, conducted on a dynamic shear rheometer, it is possible to determine the rutting potential of asphalt binders. This technique, however, still seems to be imprecise at currently determined shear stress values. This paper aims to investigate on the example of ten different asphalt binders, if creep and recovery measured at higher shear stresses result in better correlation with rutting potential of hot mix asphalts than that at the standardized stress levels. Concurrently, other conventional asphalt binder properties (e.g., penetration, softening point, elastic recovery) are determined and compared with rutting.

scholarly journals Interactions between RAP and virgin asphalt binders in field, plant, and lab mixes

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
Eslam Deef-Allah ◽  
Magdy Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery ◽  
Materials Used

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been used in asphalt mixes for several years in the United States. However, the interactions between the RAP binder and the virgin asphalt binder (VAB) need further investigations. Thus, the main objective of this study was to explore the rheological and chemical properties of extracted asphalt binders (EABs) from plant, field, and lab mixes. The plant mixes were collected from behind the paver, reheated to the compaction temperature, and compacted in the lab. The field mixes were collected as cores within two weeks after the end of the construction process. The lab mixes were fabricated in the lab using the same materials used in the plant and field mixes. The mixes contained high asphalt binder replacement percentages by RAP, which were greater than 30%. The EABs were treated as rolling thin film oven aged VABs (RTFO AVABs). The rheological properties of EABs and RTFO AVABs were analyzed using temperature sweep, frequency sweep, and multiple stress creep recovery tests. Chemical investigations of EABs and RTFO AVABs were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The EABs from plant or lab mixes showed higher stiffnesses than EABs from field mixes. This occurred because of the extra heating that was implemented for the plant mixes before the compaction in the lab, which caused more interactions between the RAP binder and VABs. The fabrication mechanism, mixing and short-term aging processes, used in lab mixes caused more interactions between RAP binder and VABs than in the field mixes.

scholarly journals Characterization of asphalt binders extracted from field mixtures containing RAP and/or RAS

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Eslam Deef-Allah ◽  
Magdy Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery ◽  
Pavement Construction

The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and/or recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in the asphalt mixtures is a common practice in the U.S.A. However, there is a controversy to date on how RAP/RAS interact with virgin asphalt binders (VABs) in asphalt mixtures. For mixtures containing RAP/RAS, the aged asphalt binders in RAP and air-blown asphalt binders in RAS alter the performances of the extracted asphalt binders (EABs). Thus, the rheological properties of EABs from these mixtures require more investigation. The focus of this paper was relating the high-temperature properties of EABs from field cores to the corresponding rolling thin film oven aged virgin asphalt binders (RTFO AVABs). Furthermore, a comparison of the effect of RAP and RAS on the high-temperature rheological properties of EABs was another objective. Different asphalt cores were collected from the field within two weeks after the pavement construction process in 2016. These cores represented eight asphalt mixtures with different asphalt binder replacement percentages by RAP, RAS, or both. The asphalt binders were extracted from these mixtures and considered as RTFO AVABs. The high-temperature rheological properties included the temperature sweep and frequency sweep testing and the multiple stress creep recovery testing. The EABs had higher stiffnesses and elasticates than the corresponding RTFO AVABs because of the aged binders in RAP/RAS. The binders in RAP interacted more readily with VABs than RAS binders.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignin Modifier on Engineering Performance of Bituminous Binder and Mixture

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1083
Author(s):  
Chi Xu ◽  
Duanyi Wang ◽  
Shaowei Zhang ◽  
Enbei Guo ◽  
Haoyang Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aspen Wood ◽  
Multiple Stress Creep Recovery ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Positive Effect

Lignin accounts for approximately 30% of the weight of herbaceous biomass. Utilizing lignin in asphalt pavement industry could enhance the performance of pavement while balancing the construction cost. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing lignin as a bitumen performance improver. For this purpose, lignin derived from aspen wood chips (labeled as KL) and corn stalk residues (labeled as CL) were selected to prepare the lignin modified bituminous binder. The properties of the lignin modified binder were investigated through rheological, mechanical and chemical tests. The multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test results indicated that adding lignin decreased the Jnr of based binder by a range of 8% to 23% depending on the stress and lignin type. Lignin showed a positive effect on the low temperature performance of asphalt binder, because at −18 °C, KL and CL were able to reduce the stiffness of base binder from 441 MPa to 369 MPa and 378 MPa, respectively. However, lignin was found to deteriorate the fatigue life and workability of base binder up to 30% and 126%. With bituminous mixture, application of lignin modifiers improved the Marshall Stability and moisture resistance of base mixture up to 21% and 13%, respectively. Although, adding lignin modifiers decreased the molecular weight of asphalt binder according to the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) test results. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test results did not report detectable changes in functional group of based binder.

scholarly journals Recent advances in characterizing the “bee” structures and asphaltene particles in asphalt binders

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-706
Author(s):  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Kecheng Zhao ◽  
Fangjin Li ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
King Wai Chiu Lai
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Zero Shear Viscosity ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
Asphaltene Content ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Binder Aging

AbstractThe microscopic surface features of asphalt binders are extensively reported in existing literature, but relatively fewer studies are performed on the morphology of asphaltene microstructures and cross-examination between the surface features and asphaltenes. This paper reports the findings of investigating six types of asphalt binders at the nanoscale, assisted with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The surface features of the asphalt binders were examined by using AFM before and after being repetitively peeled by a tape. Variations in infrared (IR) absorbance at the wavenumber around 1700 cm−1, which corresponds to ketones, were examined by using an infrared s-SNOM instrument (scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscope). Thin films of asphalt binders were examined by using STEM, and separate asphaltene particles were cross-examined by using both STEM and AFM. In addition, connections between the microstructures and binder’s physicochemical properties were evaluated. The use of both microscopy techniques provide comprehensive and complementary information on the microscopic nature of asphalt binders. It was found that the dynamic viscosities of asphalt binders are predominantly determined by the zero shear viscosity of the corresponding maltenes and asphaltene content. Limited samples also suggest that the unique bee structures are likely related to the growth of asphaltene content during asphalt binder aging process, but more asphalt binders from different crude sources are needed to verify this finding.

scholarly journals The Demerger Impact upon Sustainable Development of Economic Entities: Evidence from Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8316
Author(s):  
Camelia Mirela Baba ◽  
Constantin Duguleană ◽  
Marius Sorin Dincă ◽  
Liliana Duguleană ◽  
Gheorghița Dincă
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Profitability Ratios ◽  
Positive Effect

The Covid-19 induced economic crisis has significantly affected almost all businesses from nearly every sector, causing severe financial problems, lack of cash assets, and decrease of revenues. In this context, the economic entities were forced to look for adjustment and rescue solutions of their activities. One possible solution for the recovery and reorganization of economic entities’ activities is demerger. This paper evaluates the impact of demerger upon the sustainable development of economic entities in terms of economic efficiency and financial performances. To achieve this goal, a statistical analysis of profitability ratios before and after the demerger, as well as a structural analysis of 268 demerger projects for the April 2012–April 2021 period, were performed. The results attest there are no significant differences between the ex-ante and ex-post financial performances. However, demerger seems to have a positive effect upon analyzed companies helping them to overcome economic hardships, rethink their business strategies, and continue their activity in the medium and long-term time horizon.

Effectiveness of Loaded Wheel Tracking Test to Ascertain Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110363
Author(s):  
Moses Akentuna ◽  
Louay N. Mohammad ◽  
Sanchit Sachdeva ◽  
Samuel B. Cooper ◽  
Samuel B. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Mixture Samples

Moisture damage of asphalt mixtures is a major distress affecting the durability of asphalt pavements. The loaded wheel tracking (LWT) test is gaining popularity in determining moisture damage because of its ability to relate laboratory performance to field performance. However, the accuracy of LWT’s “pass/fail” criteria for screening mixtures is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of the LWT test to identify moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures with different moisture conditioning protocols. Seven 12.5 mm asphalt mixtures with two asphalt binder types (unmodified PG 67-22 and modified PG 70-22), and three aggregate types (limestone, crushed gravel, and a semi-crushed gravel) were utilized. Asphalt binder and mixture samples were subjected to five conditioning levels, namely, a control; single freeze–thaw-; triple freeze–thaw-; MiST 3500 cycles; and MiST 7000 cycles. Frequency sweep at multiple temperatures and frequencies, and multiple stress creep recovery tests were performed to evaluate asphalt binders. LWT test was used to evaluate the asphalt mixture samples. Freeze–thaw and MiST conditioning resulted in an increase in stiffness in the asphalt binders as compared with the control. Further, freeze–thaw and MiST conditioning resulted in an increase in rut depth compared with the control asphalt mixture. The conditioning protocols evaluated were effective in exposing moisture-sensitive mixtures, which initially showed compliance with Louisiana asphalt mixture design specifications.

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