scholarly journals Strategies in Times of Pandemic Crisis—Retailers and Regional Resilience in Würzburg, Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2643
Author(s):  
Alexandra Appel ◽  
Sina Hardaker
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Regional Resilience ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
German City ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City ◽  
Bounce Back

Research on the COVID-19 crisis and its implications on regional resilience is still in its infancy. To understand resilience on its aggregate level it is important to identify (non)resilient actions of individual actors who comprise regions. As the retail sector among others represents an important factor in an urban regions recovery, we focus on the resilience of (textile) retailers within the city of Würzburg in Germany to the COVID-19 pandemic. To address the identified research gap, this paper applies the concept of resilience. Firstly, conducting expert interviews, the individual (textile) retailers’ level and their strategies in coping with the crisis is considered. Secondly, conducting a contextual analysis of the German city of Würzburg, we wish to contribute to the discussion of how the resilience of a region is influenced inter alia by actors. Our study finds three main strategies on the individual level, with retailers: (1) intending to “bounce back” to a pre-crisis state, (2) reorganising existing practices, as well as (3) closing stores and winding up business. As at the time of research, no conclusions regarding long-term impacts and resilience are possible, the results are limited. Nevertheless, detailed analysis of retailers’ strategies contributes to a better understanding of regional resilience.

Turkish Muslims in a German city: Entrepreneurial and residential self-determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sarah Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
German City ◽  
Post War ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Term Objective

Drawing upon a collection of oral history interviews, this paper offers an insight into entrepreneurial and residential patterns and behaviour amongst Turkish Muslims in the German city of Bremen. The academic literature has traditionally argued that Turkish migrants in Germany have been pushed into self-employment, low-quality housing and segregated neighbourhoods as a result of discrimination, and poor employment and housing opportunities. Yet the interviews reveal the extent to which Bremen’s Turkish Muslims’ performances and experiences have overwhelmingly been the consequences of personal choices and ambitions. For many of the city’s Turkish Muslim entrepreneurs, self-employment had been a long-term objective, and they have succeeded in establishing and running their businesses in the manner they choose with regards to location and clientele, for example. Similarly, interviewees stressed the way in which they were able to shape their housing experiences by opting which districts of the city to live in and by purchasing property. On the whole, they perceive their entrepreneurial and residential practices as both consequences and mediums of success, integration and a loyalty to the city of Bremen. The findings are contextualised within the wider debate regarding the long-term legacy of Germany’s post-war guest-worker system and its position as a “country of immigration”.

scholarly journals Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie K. Hansen ◽  
Ida E. H. Madsen ◽  
Sannie Vester Thorsen ◽  
Ole Melkevik ◽  
Jakob Bue Bjørner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

Aims: Most previous prospective studies have examined workplace social capital as a resource of the individual. However, literature suggests that social capital is a collective good. In the present study we examined whether a high level of workplace aggregated social capital (WASC) predicts a decreased risk of individual-level long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Danish private sector employees. Methods: A sample of 2043 employees (aged 18–64 years, 38.5% women) from 260 Danish private-sector companies filled in a questionnaire on workplace social capital and covariates. WASC was calculated by assigning the company-averaged social capital score to all employees of each company. We derived LTSA, defined as sickness absence of more than three weeks, from a national register. We examined if WASC predicted employee LTSA using multilevel survival analyses, while excluding participants with LTSA in the three months preceding baseline. Results: We found no statistically significant association in any of the analyses. The hazard ratio for LTSA in the fully adjusted model was 0.93 (95% CI 0.77–1.13) per one standard deviation increase in WASC. When using WASC as a categorical exposure we found a statistically non-significant tendency towards a decreased risk of LTSA in employees with medium WASC (fully adjusted model: HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.48–1.27)). Post hoc analyses with workplace social capital as a resource of the individual showed similar results. Conclusions: WASC did not predict LTSA in this sample of Danish private-sector employees.

Suitability of a young deciduous-dominated forest for American marten and the effects of forest removal

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim G Poole ◽  
Aswea D Porter ◽  
Andrew de Vries ◽  
Chris Maundrell ◽  
Scott D Grindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
American Marten ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

American marten (Martes americana (Turton, 1806)) are generally considered to be reliant upon and most successful in continuous late-successional coniferous forests. By contrast, young seral forests and deciduous-dominated forests are assumed to provide low-quality marten habitat, primarily as a result of insufficient structure, overhead cover, and prey. This study examined a moderate-density population of marten in northeastern British Columbia in what appeared to be comparatively low-quality, deciduous-dominated habitat, overgrown agricultural land primarily consisting of 30- to 40-year-old stands of regenerating trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Over 4 years, we monitored 52 radio-collared marten. The population appeared to be stable, as indicated by large numbers of adults, relatively constant densities, long-term residency of many individuals, low mortality rates, and older age structure. Relatively small home ranges (males, 3.3 km2; females, 2.0 km2) implied good habitat quality and prey availability. Shearing (removal of immature forest cover) of 17% of the study area resulted in home range shifts at the individual level but no detectable impact at the population level. Categorically, marten avoided nonforested cover types and preferred mature coniferous (>25% conifer) stands (7% of the study area) but otherwise appeared to use all forested stands relative to their availability, including extensive use of deciduous-dominated stands and deciduous stands <40 years of age. Thus, these young deciduous forests appeared to have sufficient structure, overhead cover, and prey to maintain moderate densities of resident marten on a long-term basis.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression in Patients Hospitalized With Chronic Kidney Disease in Barranquilla Clinics, Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Carmen A. Sierra Llamas ◽  
Rafael E. Donado Castillo ◽  
Gustavo Aroca ◽  
Santos Ángel Depine ◽  
Gladys Gaviria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Research ◽  
The City

The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of anxiety and depression in patients aged between 18 and 70 years, hospitalized with chronic kidney disease in a clinic entity of the city of Barranquilla. The type of research is descriptive, presenting the information through the indicators and statistical tables, the Hospital Scale of Anxiety and Depression of, Zigmond &amp; Smith (1983), which evaluates the detection of depressive and anxious disorders in the non-psychiatric hospital context. The application of the Scale was performed in the hospital entity of the city of Barranquilla to 50 patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. The results they are beneficial in the short term, because they create new research proposals applied to another population group diagnosed with chronic diseases, especially for the evaluation and intervention in the area of health psychology. In the long term, new theories, methods of intervention and evaluation applied to the population of patients with chronic kidney disease will be studied. In the same way, the results show marked trends related to depression, an aspect that is consistent with the deterioration that affects the individual in the course of the disease and also show a positive correlation of the study variables, depression and anxiety disorders in patients with CKD can be due to a symptomatology or consequence of psychological burnout.

scholarly journals The Scanian Economic-Demographic Database (SEDD)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dribe ◽  
Luciana Quaranta
Keyword(s):  
Data Resource ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
Linkage Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural Parishes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

The Scanian Economic-Demographic Database (SEDD) is a high-quality longitudinal data resource spanning the period 1646-1967. It covers all individuals born in or migrated to the city of Landskrona and five rural parishes in western Scania in southern Sweden. The entire population present in the area is fully covered after 1813. At the individual level, SEDD combines various demographic and socioeconomic records, including causes of death, place of birth and geographic data on the place of residence within a parish. At the family level, the data contain a combination of demographic records and information on occupation, landholding and income. The data for 1813-1967 was structured in the model of the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS). In addition to storing source data in the SEDD IDS tables, a wide range of individual- and context-level variables were constructed, which means that most types of analyses using SEDD can be conducted without the need of further elaboration of the data. This article discusses the source material, linkage methods, and structure of the database.

scholarly journals Addressing the Pension Decumulation Phase of Employee Retirement Planning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Miguel Ventura Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Data ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Bequest Motives ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Life Annuity ◽  
Financial Options ◽  
Income Stream ◽  
The Individual

Longevity increases and population ageing create challenges for all societal institutions, particularly those providing retirement income, healthcare, and long-term care services. At the individual level, an obvious question is how to ensure all retirees have an adequate, secure, stable, and predictable lifelong income stream that will allow them to maintain a target standard of living for, however, long the individual lives. In this chapter, we review and discuss the main pension decumulation options by explicitly modelling consumers’ behaviour and objectives though an objective function based on utility theory accounting for consumption and bequest motives and different risk preferences. Using a Monte-Carlo simulation approach calibrated to US financial market and mortality data, our results suggest that purchasing a capped participating longevity-linked life annuity at retirement including embedded longevity and financial options that allow the annuity provider to periodically revise annuity payments if observed survivorship and portfolio outcomes deviate from expected (or guaranteed) values at contract initiation deliver superior welfare results when compared with classical annuitization and non-annuitization decumulation strategies.

scholarly journals In Search of Network Sustainability: A Multi-Level Perspective on the Paradox of Cooperation and Competition in Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Austen
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Cooperation And Competition ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Local Partnerships ◽  
Research Show

Although all types of public collaborative networks are aimed towards taking joint actions, relations between partner organizations are not always so explicit. Referring to the dialectic approach, it may be concluded that a number of tensions are identifiable in networks, among them tension between cooperation and competition. Understanding the tensions that exist in inter-organizational networks is vital for a proper comprehension of networks, as continuous efforts to meet multiple, divergent demands should bring about long–term sustainability. To examine the phenomena of cooperation and competition in interorganizational networks, a quantitative study on local partnerships among Social Welfare Centers and other public institutions and non-profit institutions was conducted. Using a multi-level perspective, the research introduces orientation towards both cooperation and competition at different levels of analysis and examines the tensions between them. The results of this research show that there is a mutual influence of orientation towards competition/cooperation, both at the individual level and the network level, and that there is a mutual influence of the reconciliation of the contradictions between orientation towards cooperation and orientation towards competition both at the individual level and the network level.

scholarly journals Marital strain trajectories over a quarter century and spouses’ loneliness: Couple-level and individual pathways

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandauda A. S. Wickrama ◽  
Tae Kyoung Lee ◽  
Catherine Walker O’Neal
Keyword(s):  
Extended Period ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Marital Strain ◽  
Over 40 Years

Although research suggests that stressful marital experiences may lead to feelings of loneliness in later life, little is known about the influence of marital strain over an extended period of time on loneliness in later years. Thus, in the present study, drawing from family systems and cognitive theories along with common fate and actor–partner interdependence modeling approaches, we hypothesized a hybrid model comprised of two multilevel pathways explaining the persistent influence of marital strain on loneliness, including: (a) a couple-level pathway and (b) an individual pathway involving within-spouse and between-spouse effects. Specifically, we investigated the influences of individual- and couple-level trajectories of marital strain over a period of 25 years (from 1991 to 2015) on loneliness outcomes in later years with a sample of 257 couples in enduring, long-term (over 40 years) marriages. The results mostly supported both hypothesized pathways. Consistent with the pathway involving a couple-level process, couple-level trajectories of marital strain predicted couples’ later-life loneliness as reflected by both spouses’ reports of loneliness (shared perceptions). In addition, at the individual level, each spouses’ unexplained variances (unique perception) in marital strain trajectories predicted his/her own later-life loneliness outcomes (within-spouse effect or actor effect). Findings are discussed as they relate to intervention and prevention programs focusing on the well-being of married couples in later life.

Voting Outcomes in the 1984 Democratic Party Primaries and Caucuses

1987 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wayne Parent ◽  
Calvin C. Jillson ◽  
Ronald E. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
Aggregate Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Primary Election ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Scholarly inquiry concerning influences on electoral outcomes in the presidential nomination process, though extensive, has been conducted almost exclusively with data collected at the individual level of analysis. The Michigan model of normal vote analysis suggests that long-term influences measured at the aggregate level, such as the sociodemographic, economic, and ideological characteristics of the states, are also important in determining electoral outcomes. We present an aggregate-level analysis of state characteristics that affected the Hart, Jackson, and Mondale vote proportions in the 1984 Democratic caucuses and primaries. Our primary election models explain between 65% and 83% of the variance in candidate vote shares, with sociodemographic and economic factors as the leading indicators. In the caucuses, we find that campaign spending and sociodemographic influences are dominant in models that explain between 38% and 81% of the variance. We conclude with a brief discussion of what our findings mean for future Democratic candidates.

The Meaning of the Future for the Oldest Old

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Nilsson ◽  
Anneli Sarvimäki ◽  
Sirkka-Liisa Ekman
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The Future ◽  
Wait And See ◽  
Life Story Interviews ◽  
The Individual

The aim of the study was to highlight the oldest old people's view of their future from a perspective of philosophy of life. Data was collected by means of life story interviews with 15 persons. The analysis was performed by utilizing a phenomenological hermeneutic method and the interpretation was guided by the conceptual framework of philosophy of life as designated by Jeffner (1988). The following themes emerged: future seen as everyday life; future-oriented values; and thoughts about life and death. The oldest old were found to view their future in ways that ranged from a tangible positive approach via a wait-and-see policy to a negative approach. Their perception of their future implied two different time perspectives, their immediate future and a more long-term perspective of the future. Furthermore, the future was experienced on three different levels, the individual level, the intergenerational level, and the metaphysical level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document