scholarly journals Public Information, Traditional Media and Social Networks during the COVID-19 Crisis in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6534
Author(s):  
Antonio Baraybar-Fernández ◽  
Sandro Arrufat-Martín ◽  
Rainer Rubira-García
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
The Relationship

This research presents a diachronic study of the information given about COVID-19 by the main Spanish mass media through their accounts on social networks. The time frame of the analysis ranges from 1 March to 21 June 2020. Data were collected from the days prior to the proclamation of the state of alarm in Spain, in order to observe the growth in the demand for information about COVID-19, and ended on the day that the Spanish government allowed mobility between provinces and, consequently, the expiration of the alarm. It begins with a quantitative and qualitative analysis, the results of which allow us to explain the demand for public information, the degree of interest in the news and the level of interaction that developed. By adapting the Kübler-Ross model, it has been possible to identify the different stages of this public health and communication crisis in relation to public information and media sustainability. It has established the effectiveness of Facebook as an information platform with direct links to news, superior to other networks; the users’ predilection for issues of a social nature over political and technical–health issues; or the relationship found between the rate of publication of messages and the number of deaths from COVID-19.

scholarly journals Trade Negotiation Capacity and Health Carve-Outs in Trade Agreements

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sheikh Shahnawaz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Trade Negotiation ◽  
Public Health Spending ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Fiscal Regime ◽  
The Relationship

There is a dearth of scholarship on the relationship between international trade and health status in countries. This paper contributes to filling this gap by proposing a formal analytical framework to study the link between the extent of health issues carved out from trade agreements by negotiating countries and their expenditure on public health. We also examine the role played by the nature of the political and fiscal regime prevalent in the country in the securing of the carve-outs. The model predicts that a higher level of carve-outs is more likely for countries that have relatively low levels of public health spending and which tend to be more politically free and fiscally liberal. We provide anecdotal evidence that supports our findings.

scholarly journals A scorecard for local body election candidates in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Stone
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
District Health ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
The Public

Abstract Local elections are held every 3 years in NZ for District Health Boards (DHB). The public has low capability to scrutinise candidates for their knowledge/experience in public health governance. As a result, there is low voting turn-out for elections. So, 3 PHA branches developed scorecards for 2019 candidates. Our aims addressed 3 problems: 1. How to raise public awareness about local DHB elections 2. How to engage voters and provide them with information about candidates from a public health perspective 3.Can we encourage candidates to discuss public health issues/ preventative measures publicly. We hoped to promote democracy by increasing informed voter turnout. Scorecards were based on candidates' responses to a survey with 3 dimensions: alignment with public health values; health sector governance experience; views on a specific public health issue (water fluoridation). Survey responses were scored by panels of branch members. Southern branch sent the survey to 28 DHB candidates across 2 DHBs, and 24 replied in time. Wellington branch sent it to 23 CCDHB candidates and 16 replied in time. Canterbury's response rate was just over 50%, 11 of 21 surveys were returned. We produced scorecards for results in formats for printing and sharing online. We shared them on PHA's website, social media and featured them in the e-newsletter. Each branch launched them at local Meet the DHB Candidate events where hundreds of paper copies were distributed. There was good online interest in the scorecards: 3453 previews, 287 downloads for further printing/distribution. Many candidates committed, if elected, to policy solutions presented them at our events. There was significant increase (684 in Southern, 698 in Wellington, 2006 in Canterbury) in DHB voter turnout in 2019, compared to last election with no scorecards. Not all top-scoring candidates were subsequently elected onto respective DHBs, but for Wellington and Southland all elected had high scores. Key messages PHANZ plays a role in supporting NZ democracy by filling a gap in public information about election candidates, whether they are fit for purpose when scrutinised through the public health lens. Election Scorecard are effective for raising public awareness, providing scrutiny of the candidates from a public health perspective, encouraging candidates to consider public health issues.

scholarly journals The Concept of “New Media” Among News Producers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlash Alzyoud
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
News Industry ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to understand how Jordanian journalists view social media networks as being related to the news industry and the extent of their dependence on these networks in producing news. It also explores the opinions of journalists on the pros and cons of these networks through the lens of relationship between these networks and professional journalism. The study uses the qualitative approach by conducting interviews with a number of professional Jordanian journalists. The most prominent results that the study revealed are that journalists view social networks as an important and beneficial development. There is optimism among journalists about the relationship between professional journalism and social media. Also, social networks have brought several benefits to the professional journalism. The results also show that there is a firm belief among journalists that social networks cannot be considered a substitute for traditional media.

American Evangelists and Tuberculosis in Modern Japan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisheva A. Perelman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Salvation Army ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
Modern Japan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medical Missionary ◽  
The Relationship

The tuberculosis epidemic of Meiji and Taishō helped to define the relationship between Japan’s government and the foreign, Protestant nondenominational evangelist organizations and individuals who had recently arrived on the archipelago. For those willing to undertake medical missionary work, particularly concerning public health issues that the government chose to ignore, tuberculosis could have provided an arena in which to prove both utility to the nation and enthusiasm for Japan’s industrial modernization, a moral enterprise. Yet theirs was also a utilitarian mission—more converts would mean more funds for the mission, either from the pockets of the recently converted or from foreign supporters who were bolstered by promising statistics. The victims of the tuberculosis epidemic were pawns in the interactions between the Japanese government and foreign evangelists, as their existence (physical and spiritual) was often used to mediate the relationship between their government and their caretakers. These potential caretakers included the Y.M.C.A., The Salvation Army, and individuals who formerly fell under the auspices of each. These organizations, and the Japanese government, at whose behest they often worked, parsed and differentiate the value of human life medically, politically, culturally, and in terms of gender, labor, and utility.

scholarly journals Using social network analysis to analyze obesity and other public health issues related to food consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Casacuberta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
General Population ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Acceptance ◽  
Global And Local

Abstract Digital social networks, such as Instagram, Facebook or Twitter are both repositories of cultural tendencies and common social interests, as well as devices to expand and extend such tendencies among the general population. A relevant number of such cultural tendencies do have an impact in public health. In this talk we will focus on one of the such common cultural tendencies: food consumption. People like to share recipes, new diets, pictures or what they are eating, and so on. Thanks to geolocalization, it is relatively easy to find out the geographical origins or such entries and posts, and see how a food consumption tendency is distributed around the world. Understanding how such digital entries are copied and distributed or “liked” by other users can help us to both see how a tendency generates and how it spreads, as well as its global and local acceptance by users. During the talk we will analyze how data obtained from such digital social networks, specially Twitter, Facebook and Instagram, are being used to analyze patterns of food consumption that can become public health problems, associated with obesity, anorexia, unhealthy diets, etc. We will focus on the epistemic innovations associated with these investigations, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses that have machine-based approaches versus more qualitative analyzes, and assess the epistemic reliability of those approaches.

scholarly journals In Service of the Society? Medical Associations as Agents of Social Change—Implication for Health Policy and Education in Israel

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Baruch Levi ◽  
Nadav Davidovitch ◽  
Keren Dopelt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Medical Associations ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study aims to explore what medical associations in Israel do to promote public health, what values underpin their activities, and how their actions can be interpreted. For this purpose, an analysis of both individual and organizational levels was applied in an effort to yield a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between society and the medical profession. In-depth interviews with senior physicians were conducted, combined with a review of policy and public initiatives of medical associations between 2008 and 2018. The findings of this study reveal that medical associations engage in a range of social and policy initiatives designed to promote public health, but, at the same time, they tend to construct socially related health issues as medical problems in a manner that fits their sectorial agendas. This may reflect organized medicine’s efforts to extend its dominance over society through the application of the biomedical model to social issues. It is necessary to integrate biosocial training with medical education to ensure that future physicians are equipped with the skills needed to implement social medicine.

scholarly journals Does ‘When’ really feel more certain than ‘If’? Two failures to replicate Ballard and Lewandowsky (2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 180475 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sleeth-Keppler ◽  
Stephan Lewandowsky ◽  
Timothy Ballard ◽  
Teresa A. Myers ◽  
Connie Roser-Renouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Uncertain Information ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Projected Range ◽  
Null Effect ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Presentation Formats ◽  
Uncertain Time ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

We report on two independent failures to conceptually replicate findings by Ballard & Lewandowsky (Ballard and Lewandowsky 2015 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 373 , 20140464 (doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0464)), who showed that certainty in, and concern about, projected public health issues (e.g. impacts of climate change) depend on how uncertain information is presented. Specifically, compared to a projected range of outcomes (e.g. a global rise in temperature between 1.6°C and 2.4°C) by a certain point in time (the year 2065), Ballard & Lewandowsky (Ballard and Lewandowsky 2015 Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 373 , 20140464 (doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0464)) showed that focusing people on a certain outcome (a global rise in temperature of at least 2°C) by an uncertain time-frame (the years 2054–2083) increases certainty in the outcome, and concern about its implications. Based on two new studies that showed a null effect between the two presentation formats, however, we recommend treating the projection statements featured in these studies as equivalent, and we encourage investigators to find alternative ways to improve on existing formats to communicate uncertain information about future events.

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