scholarly journals Application of the Water–Energy–Food Nexus Approach to the Climate-Resilient Water Safety Plan of Leh Town, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10550
Author(s):  
Natalie Páez-Curtidor ◽  
Daphne Keilmann-Gondhalekar ◽  
Jörg E. Drewes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Water Safety Plan

Climate-resilient water safety plans (CR-WSPs) have been developed as a risk-based approach to ensure a safe drinking-water supply while addressing the increasing stress on water resources resulting from climate change. Current examples of the application of CR-WSPs show a strong sectoral approach that fails to explore the potential synergies between other climate-sensitive sectors related to water, such as food and energy. This can increase the vulnerability or decrease the overall resilience of urban systems when planning climate change adaptation measures. In this work, the Water–Energy–Food (WEF) Nexus approach was applied in the formulation of a CR-WSP in Leh Town, India, a city with rapid development and population growth located in the Himalayas—one of the most sensitive ecosystems to climate change. The WEF Nexus approach was applied in the system description using a critical infrastructure approach and in the formulation of scenarios for risk management which exploited intersectoral synergies through water reclamation with resource recovery using constructed wetlands. The improvements in WEF security and risk reduction were demonstrated through indicators and risk mapping with geographical information systems (GISs). The methods for integrating the WEF Nexus approach in CR-WSPs provided through this work can serve as a base for a trans-sectoral, resilient approach within risk-based approaches for water security.

Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) as an instrument of water resource management: a case study from a GIS-based Water Safety Plan in Germany

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1691-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Wienand ◽  
U. Nolting ◽  
T. Kistemann
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Risk Monitoring ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
Water Safety Plan

Following international developments and the new WHO Drinking Water Guidelines (WHO 2004) a process-orientated concept for risk, monitoring and incident management has been developed and implemented in this study. The concept will be reviewed with special consideration for resource protection (first barrier of the multi-barrier system) and in turn, for the Water Safety Plan (WSP) which adequately considers—beyond the current framework of legal requirements—possible new hygienic-microbiologically relevant risks (especially emerging pathogens) for the drinking water supply. The development of a WSP within the framework of risk, monitoring and incident management includes the application of Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In the present study, GIS was used for visualization and spatial analysis in decisive steps in the WSP. The detailed process of GIS-supported implementation included the identification of local participants and their tasks and interactions as an essential part of risk management. A detailed ecological investigation of drinking water conditions in the catchment area was conducted in addition to hazard identification, risk assessment and the monitoring of control measures. The main task of our study was to find out in which steps of the WSP the implementation of GIS could be integrated as a useful, and perhaps even an essential tool.

Urban Information Systems in Turkish Local Governments

2008 ◽  
pp. 2673-2681
Author(s):  
Koray Velibeyoglu
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Public Sector Organizations

Since the end of 1980s, different sectors have implemented geographical information systems (GIS) in Turkey. A study on GIS market in Turkey indicates that municipalities are the primary customers (Gülersoy & Yigiter, 1999). One of the earliest GIS projects in Turkey began with the production of digital maps covering the boundaries of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality in 1987. Since 1994, a rapid development process has occurred with the widespread diffusion of GIS especially in universities and large public sector organizations respectively. However, the early city-wide municipal GIS projects were initiated only after 1996 (Ucuzal, 1999).

scholarly journals Water safety: one of the primary objectives of our time

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Collivignarelli
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
Water Safety Plan ◽  
The Eu

This article discusses the benefits of an innovative approach to the problem of water security introduced by WHO in 2004, through the establishment of the Water Safety Plan (WSP). It was recently included in Commission Directive (EU) 2015/1787 – October 6, 2015 – the implementation of which is expected in the EU countries by 27 October 2017. The WSP is the most effective means of consistently ensuring the safety of a drinking water supply. The method is based on the use of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that involves all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer. The knowledge acquired by some experiences of WSP application, both inItalyand in countries with limited resources, is proving the effectiveness of the model as the best way to manage drinking water systems and protect public health.

Assessing Historic Places Regarding Risks and Vulnerabilities Associated with Climate Change to Inform Conservation Planning—Development of Assessment Methods in Northern Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-52
Author(s):  
Carsten Hermann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

In the face of anthropogenic climate change, the management of cultural heritage must change the world over, in order to adapt historic places to the resulting impacts. Concepts for climate change mitigation and adaptation are well developed, but their application specifically in the context of the historic environment is limited. The number of methods and tools to assess the risks of climate change impacts on historic places and the vulnerabilities of these places to these risks is still small. In this article, three assessment methods will be discussed, which were developed through projects in Northern Europe: Cultural and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism and Sustainability (CHARTS) disseminated a risk and vulnerability assessment to investigate the impacts of climate change on the historic environment of Wales. The Aurland project, in Norway, piloted a site-specific assessment method through local and expert input. Historic Environment Scotland (HES) is reviewing its portfolio of historic places with a novel impact assessment and mapping method, using a geographical information system (GIS). This article discusses the differences of the approaches chosen by the projects to assess climate change impacts and plan adaptation measures. The article concludes with outlining a recently started project, Adapt Northern Heritage, involving HES and two Aurland partners, Riksantikvaren and the Norsk institute for kulturminneforskning, as well as Minjastofnun Íslands.

scholarly journals Multitemporal Analysis of Soil Sealing and Land Use Changes Linked to Urban Expansion of Salamanca (Spain) Using Landsat Images and Soil Carbon Management as a Mitigating Tool for Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Criado ◽  
Fernando Santos-Francés ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Graña ◽  
Yolanda Sánchez ◽  
Leticia Merchán
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Carbon Management ◽  
Soil Sealing

The lack of urban sustainability is a widespread deficiency in urban agglomerations. To achieve adequate land use, we present a methodology that allows for: 1) the identification of the impacts caused by urban expansion since 1956 to the present in Salamanca (Spain); and 2) the promotion of a more sustainable future in urban development. A multi-temporal assessment of land use was made by remote sensing, while sustainability criteria were analyzed using the multicriteria analysis (MCA) with Geographical Information Systems (GIS). In addition, we established recommendations for soil carbon management in semi-arid ecosystem soils that contribute to climate change mitigation. The results show an increase of the urbanized area from 3.8% to 22.3% in the studied period, identifying up to 15% of buildings in zones with some type of restriction. In 71% of the cases, urbanization caused the sealing of productive agricultural soils (2519 Ha), almost 20% of which were of the highest quality. In last few decades, an excessive increase of built-up areas in comparison to population dynamics was identified, which causes unnecessary soil sealing that affects the food production and the capacity to mitigate climate change by managing the carbon cycle in the soil.

Precision Agriculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Fouad Abobatta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
World Population

Precision agriculture is a management system that aims to reduce inputs like seeds, water, and energy; protect the environment; and maximize profitability. Precision agriculture uses advanced technology like positioning technology, geographical information systems, satellite navigation, and remote sensing. There are different factors affect the adoption of precision agriculture like farm size, legal affairs, and social interaction. Under climate change and increases in world population, adoption of precision agriculture could assist farmers to face various challenges to achieve ideal production and maximizing profitability. Information, technology, and management are considered the backbone of the precision agriculture system, and combining these elements reduces inputs and maximizes productivity. Different threats attacked precision agriculture including threats to confidentiality, threats to integrity, threats to availability, and crowding of the spectrum signal. This chapter explains the different roles of precision agriculture in developing agricultural production.

A role for GIS-based simulation for empowering local stakeholders in water resources negotiations in developing countries: case studies for two rural hillside watersheds in Honduras and Colombia

Water Policy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Luijten ◽  
E. B. Knapp ◽  
S. I. Sanz ◽  
J. W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Development Scenarios

Water security for those living in poverty is a concern for a broad range of policy makers. Identifying appropriate policy options, however, means coping with complexity and uncertainty inherent in natural and human systems. This paper demonstrates how geographical information systems and simulation modeling can facilitate scenario analysis of water availability and water security. The result is policy development with a strong human context that can empower stakeholders in water resources negotiations and the design of a science-based, community-supported water resources management plans. We applied these tools to two hillside watersheds in Honduras and Colombia to generate basic information about the “state of water resources”, and how they may change over space and time, for the present situation and under alternatives futures. Stakeholder participation in creating and analyzing scenarios is a critical part of the overall policy development methodological framework, so that what might otherwise be only lines on a graph is put into more concrete human terms. The analyses showed that, among others, stream water availability and the location of streams strongly vary throughout the year and over space; that different parts of the watersheds do not equally contribute to stream water; that inequalities exist in household accessibility to streams; and that dams could help supply sufficient irrigation water under alternative development scenarios without endangering water supply to downstream communities. These results are helpful for better understanding landscape processes at a watershed scale, for identifying desired future conditions and negotiating tradeoffs that are required to reach them, and for supporting water policy development.

scholarly journals Maritime Laser Scanning as the Source for Spatial Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Szulwic ◽  
Paweł Burdziakowski ◽  
Artur Janowski ◽  
Marek Przyborski ◽  
Paweł Tysiąc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Maritime Environment

Abstract The rapid development of scanning technology, especially mobile scanning, gives the possibility to collect spatial data coming from maritime measurement platforms and autonomous manned or unmanned vehicles. Presented solution is derived from the mobile scanning. However we should keep in mind that the specificity of laser scanning at sea and processing collected data should be in the form acceptable in Geographical Information Systems, especially typical for the maritime needs. At the same time we should be aware that data coming from maritime mobile scanning constitutes a new approach to the describing of maritime environment and brings a new perspective that is completely different than air and terrestrial scanning. Therefore, the authors, would like to present results of an experiment aimed at testing the possibilities of using mobile scanning at sea. Experiment was conducted in the harbour and the associated environment of neighbouring southern coast of the Baltic Sea.

scholarly journals The Biodiversity Conservation in the Coastal Ecosystems of the Tabasco State, Mexico as Sustainable Response again Climate Change Effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Silvia Domínguez Parra
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
Remote Sensors

The Conservation of the Biodiversity in accordance with the Program of Environment of United Nations (UNEP) cannot be limited to a matter of geographical borders, in many cases it must be studied like regional interpretation or global initiative. In this context, the environmental models and the information obtained with the use of the skills of remote sensors and application of geographical information systems to evaluate the Biodiversity Conservation represent important instruments, in order to take to good term the proposals like studies, projects, plans of regional management. In Mexico applications of these technologies exist already, in particular this work refers the efforts to apply them in the coastal zone of Tabasco State, Mexico, which it is extensive, also characterized by a great Biodiversity like: wealth lands, tropical vegetation and animals species located in the coastal lagoons, estuaries ecosystems, which has not been well evaluated yet and which study is necessary to realize in order to carry out conservation and protection programs adapted for these ecosystems. This work shows the Tabasco government and its inhabitants relative to know the possibly effects that the Tabasco coastal zone is suffering in its Biodiversity composition, due to the actions of the Climate Change, other natural reagents (hurricanes, tropical storms, etc.) and those activities derivates of human causes for which it consider a specially methodology as the use of remote sensors and geographical information systems to obtain Biodiversity models at regional scales.

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