scholarly journals Few-Layers Graphene-Based Cement Mortars: Production Process and Mechanical Properties

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Salvatore Polverino ◽  
Antonio Esau Del Rio Castillo ◽  
Antonio Brencich ◽  
Luigi Marasco ◽  
Francesco Bonaccorso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Few Layer Graphene

Cement is the most-used construction material worldwide. Research for sustainable cement production has focused on including nanomaterials as additives to enhance cement performance (strength and durability) in recent decades. In this concern, graphene is considered one of the most promising additives for cement composites. Here, we propose a novel technique for producing few-layer graphene (FLG) that can fulfil the material demand for the construction industry. We produced specimens with different FLG loadings (from 0.05% to 1% by weight of cement) and curing processes (water and saturated air). The addition of FLG at 0.10% by weight of cement improved the flexural strength by 24% compared to the reference (bare) sample. Similarly, a 0.15% FLG loading by weight of cement led to an improvement in compressive strength of 29% compared to the reference specimen. The FLG flakes produced by our proposed methodology can open the door to their full exploitation in several cement mortar applications, such as cementitious composites with high durability, mechanical performance and high electrical conductivity for electrothermal applications.

scholarly journals Effect of High-Dispersible Graphene on the Strength and Durability of Cement Mortars

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiang Qi ◽  
Sulei Zhang ◽  
Tengteng Wang ◽  
Siyao Guo ◽  
Rui Ren
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Chloride Ion Penetration ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Durability Performance

Graphene’s outstanding properties make it a potential material for reinforced cementitious composites. However, its shortcomings, such as easy agglomeration and poor dispersion, severely restrict its application in cementitious materials. In this paper, a highly dispersible graphene (TiO2-RGO) with better dispersibility compared with graphene oxide (GO) is obtained through improvement of the graphene preparation method. In this study, both GO and TiO2-RGO can improve the pore size distribution of cement mortars. According to the results of the mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) test, the porosity of cement mortar mixed with GO and TiO2-RGO was reduced by 26% and 40%, respectively, relative to ordinary cement mortar specimens. However, the TiO2-RGO cement mortars showed better pore size distribution and porosity than GO cement mortars. Comparative tests on the strength and durability of ordinary cement mortars, GO cement mortars, and TiO2-RGO cement mortars were conducted, and it was found that with the same amount of TiO2-RGO and GO, the TiO2-RGO cement mortars have nearly twice the strength of GO cement mortars. In addition, it has far higher durability, such as impermeability and chloride ion penetration resistance, than GO cement mortars. These results indicate that TiO2-RGO prepared by titanium dioxide (TiO2) intercalation can better improve the strength and durability performance of cement mortars compared to GO.

Influence of Silica Based Carbon Nano Tube Composites in Concrete

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 096369351702600
Author(s):  
BLP Dheeraj Swamy ◽  
Vaibhav Raghavan ◽  
K Srinivas ◽  
K Narasinga Rao ◽  
Mahadevan Lakshmanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Carbon Nano Tube ◽  
Portland Cement Paste

This study focuses on the utilization of highly densified materials in cementitious composites with objectives of improving the mechanical performance and minimizing the number and size of defects. Due to their excellent mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are now viewed as potential candidate for reinforcement in cement composites. The present paper reports the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties of portland cement paste and creating multifunctional concrete. In order to increase the bonding, and strength, a material with intermediate fineness, highly densified silica fumes, was also utilized. The densified silica fumes along with CNT are added to cement mortar in various proportions. Small-scale specimens were prepared to measure the mechanical properties as a function of nanotube concentration and distribution. Furthermore, properties like shrinkage, permeability and alkalinity of the resultant composite were also investigated. The study addresses the significance of CNT as an additive to the enhancement of properties of cement composite.

Properties of Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin ◽  
Fareed Ahmed Memon
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Cement Manufacture ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

Concrete has been used in the construction industry since long times. It is probably the most widely used construction material in the world, largely due to the abundance of the raw materials for cement manufacture, low relative cost and the versatility and adaptability of concrete in forming various structural shapes. Massive production of concrete and the associated substantial manufacture of cement have however been observed to have a very negative impact. One of the biggest issues of growing concern at the moment faced by concrete industries is the impact of cement production on the environment. The production of cement not only depletes significant amount of natural resources, but also liberates a considerable amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of decarbonation of limestone and the combustion of fossil fuels. In addition, cement is among the most energy intensive construction materials, after aluminium and steel [1].

scholarly journals Recycled Cellulose Fiber Reinforced Plaster

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2986
Author(s):  
Nadezda Stevulova ◽  
Vojtech Vaclavik ◽  
Viola Hospodarova ◽  
Tomáš Dvorský
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Cement Mortars

This paper aims to develop recycled fiber reinforced cement plaster mortar with a good workability of fresh mixture, and insulation, mechanical and adhesive properties of the final hardened product for indoor application. The effect of the incorporation of different portions of three types of cellulose fibers from waste paper recycling into cement mortar (cement/sand ratio of 1:3) on its properties of workability, as well as other physical and mechanical parameters, was studied. The waste paper fiber (WPF) samples were characterized by their different cellulose contents, degree of polymerization, and residues from paper-making. The cement to waste paper fiber mass ratios (C/WPF) ranged from 500:1 to 3:1, and significantly influenced the consistency, bulk density, thermal conductivity, water absorption behavior, and compressive and flexural strength of the fiber-cement mortars. The workability tests of the fiber-cement mortars containing less than 2% WPF achieved optimal properties corresponding to plastic mortars (140–200 mm). The development of dry bulk density and thermal conductivity values of 28-day hardened fiber-cement mortars was favorable with a declining C/WPF ratio, while increasing the fiber content in cement mortars led to a worsening of the water absorption behavior and a lower mechanical performance of the mortars. These key findings were related to a higher porosity and weaker adhesion of fibers and cement particles at the matrix-fiber interface. The adhesion ability of fiber-cement plastering mortar based on WPF samples with the highest cellulose content as a fine filler and two types of mixed hydraulic binder (cement with finely ground granulated blast furnace slag and natural limestone) on commonly used substrates, such as brick and aerated concrete blocks, was also investigated. The adhesive strength testing of these hardened fiber-cement plaster mortars on both substrates revealed lime-cement mortar to be more suitable for fine plaster. The different behavior of fiber-cement containing finely ground slag manifested in a greater depth of the plaster layer failure, crack formation, and in greater damage to the cohesion between the substrate and mortar for the observed time.

Fluid Transport Mechanisms in Portland Cement Mortar Modified with PVA and Nano Montmorillonite

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa María Piqué ◽  
Luis Fernandez Luco ◽  
Analía Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths

The development of new materials for specific applications is an increasing field in the construction industry, so is the employment of nanotechnology for this goal. When poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is added to a Portland cement mortar, a film is formed in between the hydration products. This film has low elasticity modulus and high tensile strength and it enhances the mortar’s mechanical properties in the fresh and hardened states. The addition of nano montmorillonites (MMT) gives the polymer a better compatibility with the cement matrix. In this work, the changes in the microstructure of Portland cement mortars modified with PVA and PVA with MMT are assessed by means of transport of fluids capacity as an indicator. The reference is a standard mortar according to EN 196-1. The parameters measured are: weight loss under drying and air permeability. Complementary measures, such as compressive and flexural strengths and drying shrinkage have also been performed. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the inclusion PVA + MMT to Portland cement mortar doesn’t affect the microstructure, when compared with Portland cement mortar with PVA, and even increase its tensile strength.

scholarly journals Effect of Polymer Addition on Performance of Portland Cement Mortar Exposed to Sulphate Attack

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Łukowski ◽  
Dominika Dębska
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Sulphate Attack ◽  
Polymer Addition ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Time Changes

Resistance to degradation contributes greatly to the durability of materials. The chemical resistance of polymer-cement composites is not yet fully recognized. The goal of the research presented in this paper was to assess the performance of polymer-cement mortars under sulphate aggression, as compared to unmodified cement mortar. Mortars with polymer-to-cement ratios from 0 to 0.20 were stored in either a 5% MgSO4 solution or distilled water for 42 months. During this time, changes in elongation, mass, and compressive strength were determined. The results of these investigations, together with the visual and microscopic observations, allowed us to conclude that polymer–cement composites demonstrated better resistance to the attack of sulphate ions than unmodified cement mortar, even when using Portland cement with enhanced sulphate resistance.

The Reinforcement of Graphene Produced by Kitchen Blender in Cement Mortar

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Vorrada Loryuenyong ◽  
Kanistha Pluemmalung ◽  
Pattarawadee Rattanapanya ◽  
Arayakamol Waeokhum ◽  
Achanai Buasri
Keyword(s):  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Degree Of Hydration ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Household Detergent ◽  
Graphene Content

In this study, the effects of graphene content (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.% of cement) on the mechanical and physical properties of cement composites in the form of mortars were investigated. Graphene was simply and successfully synthesized using a kitchen blender and household detergent. All cement mixtures had a water : cement : sand ratio of 0.4:1:1.5 by weight and 1.25 wt.% polycarboxylate water reducer. The specimens were cured in water for 14 days before testing. The results indicated that the addition of graphene greatly shortened the setting time of cement paste. It was also found that the compressive strength of cement mortars was maximized with 0.1 wt.% graphene reinforcement. This reinforcing effect was attributed to two mechanisms: (1) the uniform dispersion of reinforcing graphene and (2) the acceleration of hydration process and the enhanced degree of hydration, which led to pore refinement and densification of the cement mortars.

scholarly journals A Review on Application of Formaldehyde in Cement-Based Materials

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Flow Strength ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flooring Materials ◽  
Nose And Throat

Abstract. Formaldehyde is environment contamination, which causes irritation in the eyes, nose, and throat with concentration above 1.0ppm. But still, it is used as a construction material as an admixture and furthermore to make paints, adhesives, pressed wood, and flooring materials, etc. This paper reviews the impact of formaldehyde in the cement on flow, strength, and durability properties. In this most of the researchers studied the water reducing nature of formaldehyde-based cementitious materials (FBCM) because of its repulsive property, that can ensure improved workability and provides good mechanical strength. Finally, the challenges in the application of formaldehyde in cement-based materials are discussed to conclude some future scope in the field of the construction industry to use formaldehyde in cement.

scholarly journals Effect of nano silica on the properties of concrete and mortar – A state of art

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandiaraj Karthigai Priya ◽  
Sankararajan Vanitha
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Strength And Durability

Abstract Construction industry is one of the biggest sectors globally and a wide variety of materials are used to carry out various works. Particularly, cement is a material that is used in the construction of various structures and it is also the major source of emission of CO2 gas into the atmosphere which results in global warming. Many researchers have identified various replacement materials for cement as a partial substitution and carried out experiments successfully. Nano silica is widely utilized as a partial replacement for cement and a lot of research is carried out. This paper reviews the past studies in which nano silica is utilized in various building materials such as cement mortars, normal concrete and special concretes. The fresh concrete properties, strength and durability of the material are the parameters reviewed and it is apparent that by incorporating nano silica in cement it absorbs more water, which makes the mix less workable and it imparts additional strength to the concrete and also provides better durability when compared with the control specimen. Hence it has been revealed that nano silica will be a good replacement for cement as it is pozzolanic in nature and also possessing good microstructure.

scholarly journals The Early Age Strength Improvement of the High Volume Fly Ash Mortar

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1378-1388
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Bazzar ◽  
Fatima Zahra Hafiane ◽  
Adil Hafidi Alaoui
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Strength Improvement

In the last decade, the use of Fly ash as replacement to improve the strength and performance of the cement has become a part of mortar and concrete manufacturing. When the used amount of fly ash ranges from 20 to 25%, the proprieties of concrete and mortars such as strength and durability are improved, which also reduce the Portland cement consumption and its impact on environment. For some special applications the High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) (up to 50%) is recommended, but the use of HVFA is still limited because of the low early age strength. The aim of this study is to overcome the constraints caused by the use of the High-Volume Fly Ash, by upgrading the mortar using grinding to reduce the particle size, and by the application of an upsetting force to modify the behavior of swelling and to modify the crystal structure of ettringite in order to increase the early age strength of the mortar. The results show an increase in the rupture resistance at 7 days and 28 days by 60% and 30% respectively. Which will make the use of HVFA mortar possible in construction industry and therefore reduce more CO2 emissions from the cement production. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091731 Full Text: PDF

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