scholarly journals Chronic Dietary Exposure of Roosters to a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Increases Seminal Plasma Glyphosate and AMPA Concentrations, Alters Sperm Parameters, and Induces Metabolic Disorders in the Progeny

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Loïse Serra ◽  
Anthony Estienne ◽  
Guillaume Bourdon ◽  
Christelle Ramé ◽  
Claire Chevaleyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Dna Hypomethylation ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The effects of chronic dietary Roundup (RU) exposure on rooster sperm parameters, fertility, and offspring are unknown. We investigated the effects of chronic RU dietary exposure (46.8 mg kg−1 day−1 glyphosate) for 5 weeks in 32-week-old roosters (n = 5 RU-exposed and n = 5 control (CT)). Although the concentrations of glyphosate and its main metabolite AMPA (aminomethylphosphonic acid) increased in blood plasma and seminal fluid during exposure, no significant differences in testis weight and sperm concentrations were observed between RU and CT roosters. However, sperm motility was significantly reduced, associated with decreased calcium and ATP concentrations in RU spermatozoa. Plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations increased in RU roosters. These negative effects ceased 14 days after RU removal from the diet. Epigenetic analysis showed a global DNA hypomethylation in RU roosters. After artificial insemination of hens (n = 40) with sperm from CT or RU roosters, eggs were collected and artificially incubated. Embryo viability did not differ, but chicks from RU roosters (n = 118) had a higher food consumption, body weight and subcutaneous adipose tissue content. Chronic dietary RU exposure in roosters reduces sperm motility and increases plasma testosterone levels, growth performance, and fattening in offspring.

scholarly journals Effects of phosalone plant pesticide on sperm parameters and sexual hormone levels in Wistar rats: An experimental study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahime Mazaheri ◽  
Kazem Kamali Aliabad ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Kalantar ◽  
Noosha Ziya ◽  
Arezoo Khoradmehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Negative Effects

Background: Phosalone is an organophosphate insecticide, applied to control of plant pests. This compound has various side effects because it acts as an acetyl cholinesterase enzyme inhibitor. Objective: To investigate the effects of phosalone on the sperm parameters of and levels of sex hormones in adult male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 16 adult (8-12 wk) male Wister rates (weighing 220-280 gr) were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 4/each). Group 1 (control) received only routine adequate water and food; Group 2, 3, and 4 received different low doses of phosalone (60, 90, and 120 mg/kg respectively). The rats were weighed and anesthetized after 48 days. Sperm parameters including number, motility, and viability as well as sex hormones (such as Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, and testosterone) were evaluated and compared after removing the epididymis tail. Results: Our results showed that phosalone decreased sperm motility, viability, and number in a dose-dependent manner. The level of FSH and LH was increased, and testosterone was decreased. Also, depending on the dose, phosalone decrease sperm motility and viability (p ≤ 0.001), while the level of FSH and LH was increased and testosterone was decreased (p = 0.861). Conclusion: Phosalone has negative effects on reproductive indices in male rats and can cause serious damage and decrease the number and sperms motility. It can also cause infertility due to changing the concentration of hormones. Key words: Organophosphate, Pesticides, Phosalone, Sperm, Sex hormones.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Simulated Microgravity on Some Sexual Traits of Male Japanese Quail

2012 ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. ŠKROBÁNEK ◽  
M. BARANOVSKÁ ◽  
B. ŠÁRNIKOVÁ ◽  
M. ZEMAN ◽  
M. OKULIAROVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Microgravity Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term stay of Japanese quail in simulated microgravity on some sexual features of males. As a model for simulating microgravity exposure of birds in laboratory conditions was used hypodynamia. The mean left testis weight in males reared under hypodynamia from day 3 up to 180 days of age was lower than that of control (P<0.05), but the right testis weight differences between both groups were not significant. Also the area, volume and foam production of cloacal gland was not significantly decreased in hypodynamia birds at the end of experiment. By contrast, the plasma testosterone concentration of males living in hypodynamia was reduced about 50 % at 90 and 180 days of age in comparison to control (P<0.05) suggesting some negative effects on sexual development. Our results demonstrated that male quail kept under simulated microgravity conditions were sexually competent although their sexual efficiency was reduced especially in terms of plasma testosterone.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Effects of Benzene in Hematologic Neoplasms: The Altered Gene Expression

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2392
Author(s):  
Giovanna Spatari ◽  
Alessandro Allegra ◽  
Mariella Carrieri ◽  
Giovanni Pioggia ◽  
Sebastiano Gangemi
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Dna Hypomethylation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Hematological Neoplasms ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Hematological Tumors

Benzene carcinogenic ability has been reported, and chronic exposure to benzene can be one of the risk elements for solid cancers and hematological neoplasms. Benzene is acknowledged as a myelotoxin, and it is able to augment the risk for the onset of acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, aplastic anemia, and lymphomas. Possible mechanisms of benzene initiation of hematological tumors have been identified, as a genotoxic effect, an action on oxidative stress and inflammation and the provocation of immunosuppression. However, it is becoming evident that genetic alterations and the other causes are insufficient to fully justify several phenomena that influence the onset of hematologic malignancies. Acquired epigenetic alterations may participate with benzene leukemogenesis, as benzene may affect nuclear receptors, and provoke post-translational alterations at the protein level, thereby touching the function of regulatory proteins, comprising oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. DNA hypomethylation correlates with stimulation of oncogenes, while the hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoter regions of specific tumor suppressor genes inhibits their transcription and stimulates the onset of tumors. The discovery of the systems of epigenetic induction of benzene-caused hematological tumors has allowed the possibility to operate with pharmacological interventions able of stopping or overturning the negative effects of benzene.

Role of Ca2+ in the IVM of spermatozoa from the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Bondarenko ◽  
Borys Dzyuba ◽  
Marek Rodina ◽  
Jacky Cosson
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Sperm Maturation ◽  
Wolffian Duct ◽  
Testicular Spermatozoa ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Motility Parameters

The role of Ca2+ in sturgeon sperm maturation and motility was investigated. Sperm from mature male sterlets (Acipenser ruthenus) were collected from the Wolffian duct and testis 24 h after hormone induction. Testicular spermatozoa (TS) were incubated in Wolffian duct seminal fluid (WDSF) for 5 min at 20°C and were designated ‘TS after IVM’ (TSM). Sperm motility was activated in media with different ion compositions, with motility parameters analysed from standard video microscopy records. To investigate the role of calcium transport in the IVM process, IVM was performed (5 min at 20°C) in the presence of 2 mM EGTA, 100 µM Verapamil or 100 µM Tetracaine. No motility was observed in the case of TS (10 mM Tris, 25 mM NaCl, 50 mM Sucr with or without the addition of 2 mM EGTA). Both incubation of TS in WDSF and supplementation of the activation medium with Ca2+ led to sperm motility. The minimal Ca2+ concentration required for motility activation of Wolffian duct spermatozoa, TS and TSM was determined (1–2 nM for Wolffian duct spermatozoa and TSM; approximately 0.6 mM for TS). Motility was obtained after the addition of verapamil to the incubation medium during IVM, whereas the addition of EGTA completely suppressed motility, implying Ca2+ involvement in sturgeon sperm maturation. Further studies into the roles of Ca2+ transport in sturgeon sperm maturation and motility are required.

Comparison of methods for detecting mitomycin C- and ethyl nitrosourea-induced germ cell damage in mice: Sperm enzyme activities, sperm motility, testis weight

1984 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Ficsor ◽  
Gregory M. Oldford ◽  
Karen R. Loughlin ◽  
Brahma B. Panda ◽  
Janice L. Dubien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Comparison Of Methods

scholarly journals Correlation Between Ultrasonic Testicular Volume and Seminal Fluid Analysis in Men with Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Sadiq Abu ◽  
Hadijat O. Kolade-Yunusa ◽  
Terkaa Atim ◽  
F. Ehimatie Obakeye ◽  
Nuhu K. Dakum
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Infertility is a major cause of marital disharmony in Nigeria because of the high premium placed on childbearing. Unfortunately, the blame is on the woman most times in Nigeria. Seminiferous tubules comprise 80-90% of testicular mass. Thus, the testicular volume is an index of spermatogenesis. Therefore, accurate testicular volume will help in assessing testicular function if there is no obstruction. This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between testicular volume, measured by ultrasound and conventional sperm parameters (semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and sperm morphology) in men with infertility presenting to Urology Division, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada Abuja. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study, male subjects with infertility presenting to University of Abuja Teaching Hospital were recruited into the study. The testicular volume of all the subjects was measured by ultrasonography. The semen samples were collected by the process of masturbation on day five of sexual abstinence and analyzed according to WHO criteria 2010. Collated data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. P-value<0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The average total testicular volume (TTV) of men with infertility was 19.83 ml while mean testicular volume (MTV) was 10.24 ml. There was a statistically significant difference between MTV and semen volume (r=0.391, p=0.000), and sperm concentration (r=0.639, p=0.000). There was a weak and insignificant correlation between MTV and sperm motility and MTV and morphology (r=0.216, p=0.055 and r=0.076, p=0.502) respectively. Linear regression analysis showed significant impact of MTV (P<0.001) on sperm concentration with a critical MTV of ≤10ml.0 indicating poor testicular function (severe oligospermia) Conclusion: The mean ultrasonic testicular volume in men with infertility in this study was 10.24ml and there was a significant positive correlation of MTV with semen volume and sperm concentration. Although, there was correlation of MTV with sperm motility and morphology, this was not significant. The critical mean ultrasonic testicular volume indicating poor testicular function (severe oligospermia) was found to be 10ml. This study has shown that the mean ultrasonic testicular volume can be a pointer to semen volume and sperm concentration in evaluating men with infertility.

scholarly journals Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters, oxidative stress and Chromatin maturity in seminal fluid of infertile patients with varicocele

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Infertile Patients

This study aimed to determine the effect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters, oxidant- antioxidant status and chromatin maturity percent. The current study has been conducted on 154 infertile patients complaining from varicocele and varicocelomized men in addition to 25 fertile men as control. The results revealed significant decrease (P

scholarly journals From Spermiogram to Bio-Functional Sperm Parameters: When and Why Request Them?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita A. Condorelli ◽  
Aldo E. Calogero ◽  
Giorgio I. Russo ◽  
Sandro La Vignera
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Sperm Parameter ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Chromatin Compactness

The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate whether infertile patients may benefit from the evaluation of bio-functional sperm parameters in addition to the conventional semen analysis. To accomplish this, we evaluated the correlation between conventional and bio-functional sperm parameters based on their percentile distribution in search of a potential threshold of these latter that associates with conventional sperm parameter abnormalities. The study was conducted on 577 unselected patients with infertility lasting at least 12 months. We identified cut-off values according to the median of the population for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), number of alive spermatozoa, and chromatin abnormality. High MMP (HMMP) (≥46.25%) was associated with sperm concentration, sperm count, progressive motility, and normal form. Low MMP (LMMP) (≥36.5%) was found to be associated with semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, progressive motility, total motility, and normal form. The number of alive spermatozoa (≥71.7%) was associated with sperm concentration and progressive motility whereas abnormal chromatin compactness (≥21.10%) was associated with sperm concentration, total sperm count, and progressive motility. The data would suggest that, for every increase in the percentile category of sperm concentration, the risk of finding an HMMP≤46.25 is reduced by 0.4 and by 0.66 for a total sperm count. This risk is also reduced by 0.60 for every increase in the percentile category of sperm progressive motility and by 0.71 for total sperm motility. Each increment of percentile category of the following sperm parameter was followed by a decrease in the risk of finding an LMMP≤36.5: sperm concentration 1.66, total sperm count 1.28, sperm progressive motility 1.27, total sperm motility 1.76, and normal form 1.73. Lastly, the data showed that, for every increase in the percentile category of total sperm count, the risk of finding an abnormal chromatin compactness ≤21.10 is reduced by 1.25 (1.04–1.51, p < 0.05) and an increase of total sperm motility is associated with a reduced risk by 1.44 (1.12–1.85, p < 0.05). Results suggest a correlation between bio-functional and conventional sperm parameters that impact the sperm fertilizing potential. Therefore, the evaluation of bio-functional sperm parameters by flow cytometry may be useful to explain some cases of idiopathic male infertility.

scholarly journals Calorie Restriction Modulates Reproductive Development and Energy Balance in Pre-Pubertal Male Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Rizzoto ◽  
Deepa Sekhar ◽  
Jacob C. Thundathil ◽  
Prasanth K. Chelikani ◽  
John P. Kastelic
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ad Libitum

The objective was to determine effects of feed restriction and refeeding on reproductive development and energy balance in pre-pubertal male rats. Sprague Dawley rats (n = 32, 24 days old, ~65 g), were randomly allocated into four treatments (n = 8/treatment): (1) Control (CON, ad libitum feed; (2) Mild Restriction (MR, rats fed 75% of CON consumption); (3) Profound Restriction (PR, 50% of CON consumption); or (4) Refeeding (RF, 50% restriction for 14 days, and then ad libitum for 7 days). Feed restriction delayed reproductive development and decreased energy balance and tissue accretion, with degree of reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions related to restriction severity. In RF rats, refeeding largely restored testis weight, sperm production (per gram and total), plasma IGF-1, leptin and insulin concentrations and energy expenditure, although body composition did not completely recover. On Day 50, more CON and RF rats than PR rats were pubertal (5/6, 4/5 and 1/6, respectively; plasma testosterone >1 ng/mL) with the MR group (4/6) not different. Our hypothesis was supported: nutrient restriction of pre-pubertal rats delayed reproductive development, induced negative energy balance and decreased metabolic hormone concentrations (commensurate with restriction), whereas short-term refeeding after profound restriction largely restored reproductive end points and plasma hormone concentrations, but not body composition.

scholarly journals Glucocorticoids Amplify Dibutyl Phthalate-Induced Disruption of Testosterone Production and Male Reproductive Development

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (11) ◽  
pp. 5055-5064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Drake ◽  
Sander van den Driesche ◽  
Hayley M. Scott ◽  
Gary R. Hutchison ◽  
Jonathan R. Seckl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Penile Length ◽  
Fetal Testis ◽  
Prostate Weight

Common male reproductive abnormalities including cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and low sperm counts may comprise a testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS), resulting from fetal testis dysfunction during a critical developmental period involving reduced androgen production/action. The recent increase in TDS prevalence suggests environmental/lifestyle factors may be etiologically important. The developing fetus is exposed to multimodal challenges, and we hypothesized that exposure to a combination of factors rather than single agents may be important in the pathogenesis of TDS. We experimentally induced fetal testis dysfunction in rats via treatment of pregnant females daily from embryonic day (e) 13.5 to e21.5 with vehicle, 100 or 500 mg/kg · d dibutyl phthalate (DBP), 0.1 mg/kg · d dexamethasone (Dex), or a combination of DBP + Dex. In adulthood, penile length/normality, testis weight/descent, prostate weight, and plasma testosterone levels were measured plus anogenital distance (AGD) as a measure of androgen action within the masculinization programming window. Intratesticular testosterone and steroidogenic enzyme gene expression were measured in fetal testes at e17.5. High-dose DBP reduced fetal intratesticular testosterone and steroidogenic gene expression; induced mild hypospadias (31%) and cryptorchidism (53%); and reduced penile length, AGD, and testis and prostate weight in adulthood. Dex alone had no effect except to reduce birth weight but amplified the adverse effects of 500 mg/kg · d DBP and exacerbated the effects of 100 mg/kg · d DBP. All adverse effects were highly correlated to AGD, emphasizing the etiological importance of the masculinization programming window. These findings suggest that exposure to common environmental chemicals in combination with, for example, maternal stress, may increase the risk of common male reproductive abnormalities, with implications for human populations.

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