scholarly journals Literature Review: Global Neonicotinoid Insecticide Occurrence in Aquatic Environments

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3388
Author(s):  
Josephus F. Borsuah ◽  
Tiffany L. Messer ◽  
Daniel D. Snow ◽  
Steve D. Comfort ◽  
Aaron R. Mittelstet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
The World ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide ◽  
Negative Impacts

Neonicotinoids have been the most commonly used insecticides since the early 1990s. Despite their efficacy in improving crop protection and management, these agrochemicals have gained recent attention for their negative impacts on non-target species such as honeybees and aquatic invertebrates. In recent years, neonicotinoids have been detected in rivers and streams across the world. Determining and predicting the exposure potential of neonicotinoids in surface water requires a thorough understanding of their fate and transport mechanisms. Therefore, our objective was to provide a comprehensive review of neonicotinoids with a focus on their fate and transport mechanisms to and within surface waters and their occurrence in waterways throughout the world. A better understanding of fate and transport mechanisms will enable researchers to accurately predict occurrence and persistence of insecticides entering surface waters and potential exposure to non-target organisms in agricultural intensive regions. This review has direct implications on how neonicotinoids are monitored and degraded in aquatic ecosystems. Further, an improved understanding of the fate and transport of neonicotinoids aide natural resource practitioners in the development and implementation of effective best management practices to reduce the potential impact and exposure of neonicotinoids in waterways and aquatic ecosystems.

scholarly journals Compliance with Forestry Best Management Practices in Maine

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell D. Briggs ◽  
Janet Cormier ◽  
Alan Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Sediment Movement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract Compliance with 60 forestry best management practices (BMPs) in Maine was evaluated from a sample of 120 sites randomly selected from areas harvested during the period January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1994. The forestry BMPs were organized into six groups [haul roads, stream crossings, skid roads/trails, putting trails/roads to bed, log yards/landings, and streamside management zones (SMZs)]. Applicability of each practice was assessed at each site and compliance with applicable BMPs rated. Evidence of sediment movement was used as a measure of BMP effectiveness. Compliance with the various BMPs within each of the six groups ranged as follows: haul roads 34%-100%; stream crossings 31%-94%; skid roads/trails 49%-95%; putting trails/roads to bed 25%-88%; log yards/landings 53%-96%; and SMZs 42%-78%. Low levels of compliance per se may overstate the negative impacts in those cases where BMPs are applicable on a small number of sites. For example, compliance with the recommendation that water courses be forded only on hard bottoms and banks was low (54%) but was applicable to only 39 sites, affecting 21 of the 120 sites examined. Overall compliance was greatest for the BMPs related to yards and landings (81%) and was lowest for putting trails/roads to bed (54%). Compliance levels in Maine were similar to those reported in Vermont and Minnesota. Compliance tended to be higher for those BMPs associated with planning and layout of haul roads and skid trails, compared to those dealing with water diversion from long, unobstructed surfaces. Old roads pose a challenge. Many road systems in use today were constructed a decade or more ago by scraping surface soil down to the basal till generating low road surfaces bounded by high banks. Ditches slowly eroded and became ineffective in diverting water from the road surface. Corrective measures are expensive, and new water diversion ditches will disturb more of the area. This study supports the utility and effectiveness of commonly recommended BMPs in reducing erosion and sedimentation in Maine. When BMPs were used, sediment movement was eliminated completely or was largely restricted from surface waters. Numbers of sites at which appreciable sediment delivery to surface waters was associated with noncompliance of individual BMPs within each of the six categories are summarized as follows: haul roads 1-17 sites; stream crossings 0-17 sites; skid roads/trails 0-20 sites; putting trails/roads to bed 9-14 sites; log yards/landings 1-14 sites; and SMZs 1-9 sites. In total, noncompliance with at least one BMP was associated with a downstream sediment trail at 34 sites. North. J. Appl. For. 15(2):57-68.

A Review and Discussion on Modeling and Assessing Agricultural Best Management Practices under Global Climate Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongbo Liu ◽  
Wanhong Yang ◽  
Chengzhi Qin ◽  
Axing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Negative Impacts

<p>Understanding the impacts of global climate change on the spatiotemporal pattern of hydrologic cycle and water resources is of major importance in highly developed watersheds all over the world. These impacts are strongly dependent on related changes in intensity and frequency of extreme climate events. Implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and policy approaches at watershed and regional scales is essential for mitigating their negative impacts on soil and water conservation, and sustainable economic development. However, the uncertainty of BMP effectiveness including increasing variability of future water supply and changing magnitudes of nonpoint source pollution has to be accounted for in watershed planning and management. This paper provides a review and discussion on the impacts of global climate change on BMP’s hydrologic performance, the current progress on hydrologic assessment of BMPs, as well as the existing problems and countermeasures. Research challenges and opportunities in the field of hydrologic assessment of BMPs under global climate change are also discussed in this paper.</p>

scholarly journals Microbial Pesticides for Insect Pest Management: Success and Risk Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Mandla Rajashekhar ◽  
Banda Rajashekar ◽  
Eetela Sathyanarayana ◽  
M. C. Keerthi ◽  
Padala Vinod Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Microbial Pesticides ◽  
The World

Biotic stress is a major cause for pre and postharvest losses in agriculture. Food crops of the world are damaged by more than of 10,000 species of insects 30,000 species of weeds, 1,00, 000 types of diseases (due to fungi, viruses, bacteria and various microbes) and a 1,000 species of nematodes. Modern day management practices for the above specified stress factors largely depends on the utilization of synthetic pesticides. Pesticide misuse in numerous sectors of agriculture frequently has often linked to health issues and environmental pollution around the world. Thus, there is a growing interest in replacing or possibly supplementing the prevailing control strategies with new and safer techniques. One of the promising management tools in this new state of affairs for crop protection is microbial pesticides. At present, only 3% of plant protectants used globally are covered by bio pesticides, but their growth rate indicates an increasing trend in the past two decades. The discovery of insecticidal property of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) indicated a more extensive part of organism based natural control. Microbial pesticides comprise of a microorganisms (bacterium, fungus, virus or protozoan) or toxins produced by them as the active ingredient. The most commonly used microbial pesticides are entomopathogenic fungi (Metarhizium, Beauveria and Verticillium), entomopathogenic bacteria (Bt), entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis) and baculoviruses (NPV and GV) which able to cause disease in insects. Microbial insecticides are promising alternative to ecologically disruptive pest control measures as they are no longer harmful to the environment and non target organisms. If deployed appropriately, microbial insecticides have capability to bring sustainability to global agriculture for food and food safety.

scholarly journals 36 Best Management Practices for Manaus-Amazon Urban Afforestation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 696-743
Author(s):  
Jonas Gomes da Silva ◽  
Juliana Assunção de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The City

In 2010, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics published a survey on urban afforestation in Brazil and Manaus city occupied the 4493rd place among the 5565 municipalities analyzed. Concerning the cities with more than 1 million habitants, Manaus was in the penultimate place, a frustrating result, since the city is the Amazon' capital, surrounded by the largest rainforest in the World. On the other hand, the cities with the best performances were Goiânia, Campinas, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, and Curitiba. Given this context, the research aims to investigate the urban afforestation's best management practices to propose suggestions for Manaus' public managers. The data collection and analysis are based in the study "Urbanistic Characteristics of the Surroundings of the Domiciles", besides obtaining information and documents from articles and websites of the governments and partners of the best city investigated. After the intersection of information, 36 good urban management practices were cataloged and proposed to Manaus' public managers.

Incubators Management Models

2020 ◽  
pp. 1646-1656
Author(s):  
Andreia de Bem Machado ◽  
Araci Hack Catapan ◽  
Maria José Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Business Incubator ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Management Models ◽  
The World

Management models are grounded in three basic pillars: people, processes, and technologies. In this scenario, the business incubator management model is fundamental because it is important for business incubators to meet the demands of new entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to map the incubator management models of companies in the world and national scenario. To do so, the methodology used was the integrative review of the literature using the Scopus database and regulations, international, and national documents. One of the problems encountered in these models is that most management models for business incubators describe a business incubator as a transformation mechanism, but do not explain in detail the incubator process and best management practices for the continuous improvement of incubated business.

scholarly journals A Salinity Module for SWAT to Simulate Salt Ion Fate and Transport at the Watershed Scale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan T. Bailey ◽  
Saman Tavakoli-Kivi ◽  
Xiaolu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Watershed Scale

Abstract. Salinity is one of the most common water quality threats in river basins and irrigated regions worldwide. However, no available numerical models simulate all major processes affecting salt ion fate and transport at the watershed scale. This study presents a new salinity module for the SWAT model that simulates the fate and transport of 8 major salt ions (SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, CO3, HCO3) in a watershed system. The module accounts for salt transport in surface runoff, soil percolation, lateral flow, groundwater, and streams, and equilibrium chemistry reactions in soil layers and the aquifer. The module consists of several new subroutines that are imbedded within the SWAT modelling code and one input file containing soil salinity and aquifer salinity data for the watershed. The model is applied to a 732 km2 salinity-impaired irrigated region within the Arkansas River Valley in southeastern Colorado, and tested against root zone soil salinity, groundwater salt ion concentration, groundwater salt loadings to the river network, and in-stream salt ion concentration. The model can be a useful tool in simulating baseline salinity transport and investigating salinity best management practices in watersheds of varying spatial scales worldwide.

Assessment of Stormwater BMPs and their Technology

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Urbonas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Extensive Literature Review ◽  
The World

The use of separate stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) has become common in United States, Europe, Australia and other parts of the world. Much of this technology is emerging and, as a result, it is sometimes used without fully understanding its limitations and without recognizing its effectiveness under field conditions. This paper presents and evaluates a number of structural and non-structural BMPs. The evaluations are based on extensive literature review, field observation and discussions with stormwater professionals in many parts of United States about their experience with BMP performance.

scholarly journals Toxicological and morphological analysis of Africanized Apis mellifera selected for tolerance to the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e14310212109
Author(s):  
William Cristian da Silva Pizzaia ◽  
Tamiris de Oliveira Diniz ◽  
Breno Gabriel da Silva ◽  
Naiara Climas Pereira ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Sinópolis-Gigliolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
The World ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Honeybee Health

Honeybees are the insect most used for pollination purposes due to its efficient characteristics for this function, which reflects in positive aspects for both nature and man. The expansion of agriculture and the development of agrochemicals to combat pests has had negative impacts on honeybee health, causing its disappearance around the world. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of honeybee exposure to the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam on its survival rate, as well as on morphological and histological changes in the midgut of adult workers from the F4 generation of Apis mellifera queens tolerant to thiamethoxam and non-tolerant worker honeybees. After the bioassays, the midgut was removed for morphological evaluation. The results showed that F4 bees were more tolerance to thiamethoxam and exhibited less significant morphological changes when compared to the non-tolerant control group.

Incubators Management Models

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Andreia de Bem Machado ◽  
Araci Hack Catapan ◽  
Maria José Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Business Incubator ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Management Models ◽  
The World

Management models are grounded in three basic pillars: people, processes, and technologies. In this scenario, the business incubator management model is fundamental because it is important for business incubators to meet the demands of new entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. Therefore, the objective of this chapter is to map the incubator management models of companies in the world and national scenario. To do so, the methodology used was the integrative review of the literature using the Scopus database and regulations, international, and national documents. One of the problems encountered in these models is that most management models for business incubators describe a business incubator as a transformation mechanism, but do not explain in detail the incubator process and best management practices for the continuous improvement of incubated business.

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