From modernism to metamodernism. Change of eras as transformation of forms of creative activity: from philosophy to fashion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Stanislavovna Sapozhnikova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Current Direction ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Big Ideas ◽  
The Subject

The article deals with the current direction of metamodernism as the final stage of the postmodernism era and with the main representatives of this era. The author traces in a comparative plan the features of three eras: modernism, postmodernism and metamodernism, showing the specifics of the subject of historical action in these periods, and reveals such features of the modernism era as its rationalism and the desire to produce new meanings and ideas, historical consistent thinking, allowing the representatives of the Enlightenment era to realize the qualities of this period as the next stage of development that replaced the Middle Ages. The author demonstrates that the era of postmodernism, which replaced the Enlightenment or modernism, recorded a stable denial of the former main dominants, replacing uniqueness with replicability, novelty - with repetition, the desire to follow big ideas - an intellectual game. The era of metamodernism is associated by the author with the development of digital technologies. The article touches upon the problem of fashion as the sphere of culture, which quite fully embodies the main tendencies of the change of eras.

scholarly journals THE HERITAGE OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO: THE IMAGE OF THE "ARTIST-PROPHET" IN UKRAINIAN CULTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
A. I. Kretov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
World Culture ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article is devoted to the problem of the image of the artist as a prophet in connection with the work of Taras Shevchenko, due to his extraordinary influence on Ukrainian culture. The formation of this image is the result of the interaction of a number of socio-cultural factors, which are the subject of analysis in this article. First of all, it is the dependence of the Great Kobzar's self-determination on those strategies that depend on poetry and painting, the place of these spheres in contemporary society, their task of integrating creative activity into the social structure and artistic environment, the importance of skill and order. Secondly, the echo in the Shevchenko era of the ideas of the Enlightenment with their universalist claims and the emergence of a phenomenon in the Russian Empire, which was called "intelligentsia", formed against the background of cultural "literary centrism". Third is the influence of romanticism on the artist's idea of leading the process of forming a certain community, which is not associated with social inequality and formal hierarchies in society. Fourth is the dependence of the artist image – the prophet with the intertwining of Christian and pagan roots of Ukrainian culture. It is shown that the archetype of the national artist-prophet created by T. Shevchenko's successors survived situations of imitation, affirmation, rethinking, even denial. Such a diverse dialogue testifies to the urgency of Taras Shevchenko's legacy. The article shows that there is an urgent need to study the figure of Shevchenko in the context of world culture, the functioning of the model "artist – prophet" in general and in their own country. It is also important to give this problem a philosophical depth. It is necessary to comprehend the models through which they tried to attract the figure of Shevchenko to various ideologies, that is, to give it a certain "plane" and "one-dimensionality." And "one-dimensional" Taras Shevchenko is a model that is too easy to manipulate.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION AS A NEW STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (159) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
O. Popova ◽  
N. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Stage Of Development

The article considers the peculiarities of improvement and principles of the strategy of architectural education and the training peculiarities of modern specialists-architects for a new social order to improve the quality of professional activity. The need to improve the quality of architectural education and training of specialists is described. Implementation of programs of environmental ecological protection, rational using of natural resources, formation of a full-fledged human living environment by means of garden and park architecture, preservation of the natural environment in the city and creation of anthropogenic landscapes is a professional task of architects. New forms of creative activity are ahead of the theory and methodology of architectural design, which include everything new in technical and cultural progress. Digital technologies have penetrated into all spheres of human activity and today it is impossible to imagine modern architecture without their use. The introduction of digital technologies in the educational process in higher education in the training of future architects has become a matter of time. Computer and information technology are only a tool, but not a universal tool that can replace all areas of educational activity in the field of higher architectural education. The potential and creative capabilities of modern information technology in the training of future architects is not fully used, which shifts the emphasis of vocational education towards technocratization to the detriment of the creative, artistic component. Architecture is both art, and engineering, and construction. Digital systems are no longer only amplifiers of the speed of human action, not only new means of analysis, formation and perception, but also integral components of design, which is understood as creative activity. A special place in the training of an architect is occupied by creative design. Science and the broad humanity education are becoming a breeding ground for architectural creativity. This determines the tasks of training and education of the architect. The organization of architectural education as a holistic system of architect’s activities must take into account the fundamental changes that under the influence of social development and scientific and technical, economic and social forecasts occur in the activities of the architect. Ideological and social views of the architect, his spatial, constructive and aesthetic ideas are expressed in the artistic form and stylistic nature of the architectural work. Architectural and artistic image of architecture is invariably formed from the worldview; current issues of the time, from ideas about what should be an artificial space and what requirements it must meet.

The Devil's Tabernacle

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ossa-Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Early Modernity ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Ancient Religion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Identity ◽  
European Thought ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Huge Variety

This is the first book to examine in depth the intellectual and cultural impact of the oracles of pagan antiquity on modern European thought. The book shows how the study of the oracles influenced, and was influenced by, some of the most significant developments in early modernity, such as the Christian humanist recovery of ancient religion, confessional polemics, Deist and libertine challenges to religion, antiquarianism and early archaeology, Romantic historiography, and spiritualism. The book examines the different views of the oracles since the Renaissance—that they were the work of the devil, or natural causes, or the fraud of priests, or finally an organic element of ancient Greek society. The range of discussion on the subject, as he demonstrates, is considerably more complex than has been realized before: hundreds of scholars, theologians, and critics commented on the oracles, drawing on a huge variety of intellectual contexts to frame their beliefs. A central chapter interrogates the landmark dispute on the oracles between Bernard de Fontenelle and Jean-François Baltus, challenging Whiggish assumptions about the mechanics of debate on the cusp of the Enlightenment. With erudition and an eye for detail, the book argues that, on both sides of the controversy, to speak of the ancient oracles in early modernity was to speak of one's own historical identity as a Christian.

Digitalization of Competition in the Insurance Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
D. V. Bryzgalov
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Sales Channels ◽  
Channel Competition ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the research is the influence of the insurance market digitalization on competition forms in insurance. The purpose of the research was to study the forms of competition and factors of competitiveness in the process of digitalization of insurance activities. The research findings revealed the specifics of competition between insurance companies in digital sales channels of insurance services, and identified groups of new factors in the competitiveness of insurance programs. The paper describes two models of the policyholder behavior typical for traditional and digital sales channels in the insurance market — classical and digital. It is concluded that the digitalization of the insurance market influences the competition between insurance companies making a shift towards the channel competition and contributing to the emergence of new competition factors for insurance programs developed with digital technologies.

Serge Moscovici's "Réflexions sur la popularité des conspiracy mentalities"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Klein
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The People ◽  
Social Representation Theory ◽  
The Masses

This is a pdf of the original typed manuscript of a lecture made in 2006. An annotated English translation will be published by the International Review of Social Psychology. I this text, Moscovici seeks to update his earlier work on the “conspiracy mentality” (1987) by considering the relationships between social representations and conspiracy mentality. Innovation in this field, Moscovici argues, will require a much thorough description and understanding of what conspiracy theories are, what rhetoric they use and what functions they fulfill. Specifically, Moscovici considers conspiracies as a form of counterfactual history implying a more desirable world (in which the conspiracy did not take place) and suggests that social representation theory should tackle this phenomenon. He explicitly links conspiracy theories to works of fiction and suggests that common principles might explain their popularity. Historically, he argues, conspiracism was born twice: First, in the middle ages, when their primary function was to exclude and destroy what was considered as heresy; and second, after the French revolution, to delegitimize the Enlightenment, which was attributed to a small coterie of reactionaries rather than to the will of the people. Moscovici then considers four aspects (“thematas”) of conspiracy mentality: 1/ the prohibition of knowledge; 2/ the duality between the majority (the masses, prohibited to know) and “enlightened” minorities; 3/ the search for a common origin, a “ur phenomenon” that connects historical events and provides a continuity to History (he notes that such a tendency is also present in social psychological theorizing); and 4/ the valorization of tradition as a bulwark against modernity. Some of Moscovici’s insights in this talk have since been borne out by contemporary research on the psychology of conspiracy theories, but many others still remain fascinating potential avenues for future research.

New Approaches to Understanding Judicial Ethics in the Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-32
Author(s):  
E. V. Burdina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Judicial Administration ◽  
Personal Approach ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Subject

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problems of the essence and content of judicial ethics in the new conditions of the technical revolution and with other social needs for legal regulation. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The work used a systematic, activity-personal approach to the study of moral and ethical standards of the conduct of judges. This made it possible to reveal a new and broader view on judicial ethics, which is not simply a set of moral restrictions and obligations imposed on a judge. Results. The work has identified and analysed the signs of judicial ethics at the current stage of development. It is argued that ethical regulation is precautionary in relation to the legal regulation of the independence of judges, for they complement ethical rules and reinforce legal norms. The ethical conduct of judges is an instrument guaranteeing judicial independence in all of its manifestations, including in organisational and judicial relations. The new realities of our time recognise the expansion of boundaries and the subject area itself of ethical regulation. A broader view on judicial ethics, which differs from the traditional one, is hereby justified. The latter is defined in two ways – namely both as a system of professional values, as well as a means of judicial administration based on the principle of self-regulation. By its very nature, judicial ethics is the result (and the way) of judicial self-governance, developed on the basis of the experience of functioning bodies of the judicial community. Discussion and Conclusion. Conclusions are drawn on both the instrumental and the managerial impact of the categories of ethics. The subject of judicial ethics has been defined, which constitutes the rules of conduct of judges in the performance of their professional duties and beyond – namely the set of general principles of work of a judge, as well as the personal qualities of a judge personifying the judicial power. Proposals on the optimisation of the mechanism of ethical influence, differentiation of ethical and disciplinary norms have also been substantiated.

Fortuna

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Miano
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
And Gender

This book focuses on the Latin goddess Fortuna, one of the better known deities in ancient Italy. The earliest forms of her worship can be traced back to archaic Latium, and she was still a widely recognized allegorical figure during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The main reason for her longevity is that she was a conceptual deity, and had strong associations with chance and good fortune. When they were interacting with the goddess, communities, individuals, and gender and age groups were inevitably also interacting with the concept. These relations were not neutral: they allowed people to renegotiate the concept, enriching it with new meanings and challenging established ones. The geographical and chronological scope of this book is Italy from the archaic age to the late Republic. In this period Italy was a fragmented, multicultural and multilinguistic environment, characterized by a wide circulation of people, customs, and ideas, in which Rome played an increasingly dominant role. All available sources on Fortuna have been used: literary, epigraphic, and archaeological. The study of the goddess based on conceptual analysis will serve to construct a radically new picture of the historical development of this deity in the context of the cultural interactions taking place in ancient Italy. The book also aims at experimenting with a new approach to polytheism, based on the connection between gods and goddesses and concepts.

The Subject Matter of Intellectual Property

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Pila
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Trade Mark ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Relationship

This book offers a study of the subject matter protected by each of the main intellectual property (IP) regimes. With a focus on European and UK law particularly, it considers the meaning of the terms used to denote the objects to which IP rights attach, such as ‘invention’, ‘authorial work’, ‘trade mark’, and ‘design’, with reference to the practice of legal officials and the nature of those objects specifically. To that end it proceeds in three stages. At the first stage, in Chapter 2, the nature, aims, and values of IP rights and systems are considered. As historically and currently conceived, IP rights are limited (and generally transferable) exclusionary rights that attach to certain intellectual creations, broadly conceived, and that serve a range of instrumentalist and deontological ends. At the second stage, in Chapter 3, a theoretical framework for thinking about IP subject matter is proposed with the assistance of certain devices from philosophy. That framework supports a paradigmatic conception of the objects protected by IP rights as artifact types distinguished by their properties and categorized accordingly. From this framework, four questions are derived concerning: the nature of the (categories of) subject matter denoted by the terms ‘invention’, ‘authorial work’, ‘trade mark’, ‘design’ etc, including their essential properties; the means by which each subject matter is individuated within the relevant IP regime; the relationship between each subject matter and its concrete instances; and the manner in which the existence of a subject matter and its concrete instances is known. That leaves the book’s final stage, in Chapters 3 to 7. Here legal officials’ use of the terms above, and understanding of the objects that they denote, are studied, and the results presented as answers to the four questions identified previously.

scholarly journals The Challenge for Building Integration of Highly Transparent Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochromic Devices

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cannavale ◽  
Francesco Martellotta ◽  
Francesco Fiorito ◽  
Ubaldo Ayr
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Accurate Description ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Open Issues

This paper holds a critical review of current research activities dealing with smart architectural glazing worldwide. Hereafter, the main trends are analyzed and critically reported, with open issues, challenges, and opportunities, providing an accurate description of technological evolution of devices in time. This manuscript deals with some well-known, highly performing technologies, such as semitransparent photovoltaics and novel photoelectrochromic devices, the readiest, probably, to reach the final stage of development, to disclose the manifold advantages of multifunctional, smart glazing. The complex, overall effects of their building integration are also reported, especially regarding energy balance and indoor visual comfort in buildings.

Життєтворчість Іллі Саца у вітчизняному культурному просторі початку ХХ століття

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Badalov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Music Criticism ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Humanitarian Space ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Creative Life

The subject of the study is comprehensive understanding of the life and creativity by I. Sats – a significant figure in the national musical life of the early twentieth century.The purpose of the article is exploring the circumstances of I. Sats’ activity in the socio-cultural context of the era.The methodology of the article includes: historical and chronological method – for studying the events of the artist’s biography; source method – for research of archival materials, correspondence, reconstruction of composer’s creative life; hermeneutical analysis method – for interpretation of literary inheritance (libretto, music criticism) by I. Sats in the context of the early twentieth century; logic-generalization method – to summarize the results of the study.As a result of the research, a complex view on the multivectoral creative activity by I. Sats was formed, his significant role in the formation of new genres of musical and theatrical creativity, development of the humanitarian space of Chernihiv, Irkutsk, and Moscow was proved. The application of the results of the research in scientific, music-pedagogical and educational activities will significantly expand the established ideas about the development of the national musical culture.Key words: music for theater, Moscow Art Theater, satirical opera, I. Sats, Chernihiv region, Irkutsk music classes.

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