Bioindicators of the constants of homeostasis of the internal environment of crustaceans, cultured in different environmental conditions for the purpose of obtaining commodity products

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Lina Yuryevna Lagutkina ◽  
Aliya Baymuratovna Akhmedzhanova ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Ponomarev ◽  
Alexander Sergeevich Martyanov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Red Claw Crayfish ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
State Of The Environment

The study of the composition and properties of the internal environment (hemolymph) of crustaceans grown in various conditions has an important ecological and physiological aspect, since a number of characteristics of the physiological status of objects can be used to assess the state of the environment, thus, they can be included in the number of bioindicators. However, the nature of the observed differences between objects grown under different conditions, the features of homeostatic regulatory mechanisms and the limits of the reference values of individual homeostasis constants are often not known. To formulate recommendations regarding the technological process of growing objects of warm-water aquaculture, taking into account the assessment of environmental conditions in dynamics through the analysis of indicators of the state of individuals — bioindicators — it is necessary to compare the state of individuals kept in different conditions. The object of the study was the Australian red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868), cultivated under various conditions of intensive and semi-intensive cultivation. The studies have revealed that throughout the entire period of cultivation, individuals grown in ponds retained a high level of total protein, cholesterol and β-lipoproteins, in contrast to crayfish cultivated in pools. The values of these indicators as bioindicators indicate a high degree of compliance of the growing conditions with the needs of the studied object. Comparative assessment of fluctuations in the ratio of hemolymph shaped elements in the hemocyte composition between cancers grown under different conditions did not reveal significant differences. It was found that significantly higher growth rates are characteristic of crayfish grown in ponds, in contrast to the group of individuals cultivated in pools. The comparative analysis of bioindicators in different growing conditions presented by the authors of the article supplements information that is of significant interest for monitoring the growing conditions of this representative of warm water aquaculture, which will be valuable for specialists engaged in crustacean breeding.

scholarly journals SOWING TIMES IN ADAPTATION, STABILITY, PRODUCTIVITY, AND OIL AND PROTEIN CONTENTS OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-812
Author(s):  
EVERTON LUIS FINOTO ◽  
MARIA BEATRIZ BERNARDES SOARES ◽  
ALESSANDRA NEVES CORREIA ◽  
JOSÉ DE ANCHIETA ALVES DE ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
EDGLEY SOARES DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Growing Conditions

ABSTRACT No isolated factor influences soybean development and production more than the sowing date, but the responses of cultivars sown on different sowing dates depends on their sensitivity to environmental conditions. Thus, this study evaluated the adaptability and stability of 17 soybean genotypes in relation to yield, as well as to the grain oil and protein contents as a function of different sowing times. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks with three replications and a 17 × 5 factorial scheme. The genotypes were: Conquista, CD 223 AP, Elite, Garantia, Bioagro lineage, M-Soy 8400, M-soy 8001, Nambu, Sambaíba, Esplendor, UFVS 2006, UFVS 2005, UFVTN 102, UVF 18, UFV 16, Valiosa, Vencedora, and the five sowing dates were: SD1 = 11/3, SD2 = 11/20, SD3 = 12/07, SD4 = 12/23, and SD5 = 01/09. The M-Soy 8001, UFV 18 and Garantia genotypes showed high oil contents, with adaptation to all sowing dates and stability when sown on the most favorable dates. The Bioagro lineage, CD 223 AP, and Garantia genotypes were adapted and stable when sown on all sowing dates and had higher protein contents than the other genotypes, regardless of the sowing date. The Elite, Nambu, and Garantia genotypes were adapted and stable when sown on the most favorable sowing dates and presented high grain yields when sown in early December. The findings indicate that the Garantia genotype is the most suitable for the growing conditions of the central-north region of the state of São Paulo.

scholarly journals Bioindicators of homeostasis’ constants of growing conditions of warm-water aquaculture objects in the context of obtaining marketable products

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (3) ◽  
pp. 032032
Author(s):  
Aliya Akhmedzhanova ◽  
Elena Evgrafova ◽  
Yulia Fedorovykh ◽  
Lina Lagutkina ◽  
Sergey Ponomarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Warm Water ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Australian Freshwater

Abstract To create recommendations regarding the technological process of growing objects of warm-water aquaculture, the health of individuals in the created conditions of maintain is a necessary study. Taking into account the similarity of the necessary conditions for the organization of growing warm-water aquaculture objects, it is important to monitor the indicators that are bioindicators of homeostasis constants with a projection on the conditions of maintain, for subsequent adjustment of satisfactory conditions of maintain. First of all, these are hematological and biochemical bioindicators that determine the general characteristics of blood in the case of fish objects of sterlet and hemolymph in the case of crustacean objects of Australian freshwater crayfish and the concentration index of total serum protein that determines the “physiological norm”. When growing sterlet, a high level of total blood protein was established at 40.14±1.73 g/l and the hemolymph of the Australian freshwater crayfish was determined to have a protein concentration of 40.8±4.5 g/l. The presented analysis of bioindicators complements the missing information for monitoring the data of representatives of warm-water aquaculture, which will be valuable for specialists engaged in breeding these objects.

scholarly journals Adaptive potential of the hulled oats gene pool according to 1000-grain weight

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
M. V. Tulyakova ◽  
G. A. Batalova ◽  
S. V. Permyakova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
High Level ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

There have been presented the study results of 11 collection hulled oats samples in comparison with the standard variety ‘Krechet’ conducted at the Falenskaya selection station of the FARC the North-East (the Kirov region) in 2018–2020. The purpose of the current study was to identify sources stable on the trait ‘1000-grain weight’ for the breeding of hulled oats by estimating the adaptability parameters. The soil of the experimental plot was sod-podzolic, medium loamy, the meteorological conditions were contrasting in temperature and precipitation. In the favorable year of 2019, the 1000-grain weight was the highest (34.6–45.9 g), the index of environmental conditions was positive (Ij = 1.6). In the unfavorable year of 2020, the 1000-grain weight was 31.3–41.8 g and the index of environmental conditions was negative (Ij = -1.5). There have been identified the adaptable sources (IEP = 1.08–1.00) ‘15330 KSI 590/05’ (Russia), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova), ‘15423 Prelekst’, ‘15426 Werva’ (Germany); the stable sources according to the relative stability of the trait (St2 = 0.99–0.91) ‘15280 55 h 2106’, ‘15331 CSI 2167/03’ (Russia), ‘15297 Geszti’ (Hungary), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova), ‘15428 Bohum’ (Poland), ‘15420 Leniak’ (Germany); the sources with a high level of intensity (I = 24.5 and 19.30%) – ‘15329 CSI 639/05’, ‘15330 CSI 590/05’ and homeostaticity (Hom = 25.28–11.96) ‘15280 55 h 2106’ (Russia), ‘15297 Geszti’ (Hungary), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova); the sources responsive to favorable growing conditions (Kp = 1.11–1.28) ‘15329 KSI 639/05’, ‘15330 KSI 590/05’, ‘15331 KSI 2167/03’ (Russia), ‘15414 Enostar’ (Germany); the most adaptive sources in terms of the sum of ranks ‘15330 CSI 590/05’ and ‘15329 CSI 639/05’ (Russia), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova), ‘15426 Werva, ‘15414 Enostar’ (Germany). There have been identified significant direct correlations between indicators of stability and homeostaticity (r = 0.96), intensity and coefficient of responsiveness (r = 0.73).

The role of science in environmental protection

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Constable
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
The State ◽  
Uncertain Information ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
High Degree ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

A process for developing management procedures that may ensure environmental protection is discussed in light of current problems in conservation of the aquatic environment. This process provides an opportunity for determining clearly the role and objectives of science in environmental protection and deals explicitly with the problems to management of uncertain information. Feedback management procedures are advocated, and these should be developed so that they are sufficiently robust in terms of absolute performance. This is to ensure that the environmental objectives set to safeguard the public interest are likely to be met under feasible worst-case conditions despite incomplete knowledge. Three important principles should be incorporated into these procedures before a proposed activity (e.g. development, exploitation) is allowed to commence: (1) the initial level of the activity should be set commensurate with a high degree of confidence that it is ecologically sustainable, (2) the objectives of the regulatory system should be framed in terms of aspects of the state of the environment that can be estimated robustly, and (3) the regulatory framework should specify what actions are required given the state of the environment as observed through the monitoring programme.

scholarly journals Subtropical and flower crops breeding at the Subtropical Scientific Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-432
Author(s):  
A. V. Ryndin ◽  
R. V. Kulyan ◽  
N. A. Slepchenko
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
The State ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
State Register ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Cultivars

This paper presents the results on the breeding work carried out by the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Currently, the Centre’s breeders are doing a lot of work aimed at breeding new fine yielding cultivars of subtropical and flower crops that will be resistant to growing conditions; they include kaki persimmon, feijoa, mandarin, freesia, crown anemone, pelargonium and chrysanthemum. The sources of high-level priority traits in flower crops that are valuable for further breeding in order to improve decorative (colour, flower shape, inflorescence), economic and biological traits (flowering period, a large number of flowers in the inflorescence, storage period of cut flowers, disease resistance, high reproduction coefficient) were recorded. The aim of the research is to improve the subtropical and flower crops assortment. The objects of the research were 989 hybrid forms: 136 citrus crops, 56 persimmon, 36 feijoa, 38 tea plant, 11 pear, 24 hazel, 108 freesia, 398 crown anemone, 120 pelargonium and 62 chrysanthemum hybrids. New cultivars with a complex of valuable traits have been created as a result of the scientific work. Over the past five years, FRC SSC of RAS has created 50 new cultivars: 26 pelargonium, 15 anemone, 5 freesia, 2 chrysanthemum, 1 persimmon and 1 apple and submitted them to the State Cultivar Commission. The “State Register of Selection Achievements Authorized for Use for Production Purposes” has included 63 cultivars developed by FRC SSC RAS, including 26 pelargonium, 13 anemone, 9 chrysanthemum, 7 freesia, 4 hazel, 3 feijoa and 1 tea plant cultivars. 46 patents for breeding achievements have been obtained.

DIAGNOSTICS OF THE STATE OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Petrivna Mihus ◽  
Liudmila Mykolayivna Akimova ◽  
Elena Anatolievna Harnyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Security Indicators ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree

Urgency of the research. The transition to the market in Ukraine led to changes in the sphere of economic relations, which are characterized by a high level of instability. Signifi-cant changes that have occurred in recent years have also created new threats to the domestic economy, necessitating the diagnosis of Ukraine's financial security. Target setting. The welfare of each state primarily de-pends on the stability of its financial system, which is provid-ed through the timely diagnosis of its threats and response to them. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The issues of financial security of the nation, as an economic component, the principles of the formation of a system for ensuring financial security were revealed in the works of domestic and foreign scientists, namely in the works of A. Baranovsky, V. Geyets, M. Yermoshenko, J. Zhalilo, B. Karpinsky. A. Sukhorukov, A. Shevchenko and others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. In the conditions of cyclical economic fluctuations, which are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty, it is of acute necessity to diagnose the financial security as a component of the state's economic security. The research objective. The purpose of the article is to conduct a diagnosis of Ukraine's financial security and identi-fy the threats that affect it. The statement of basic materials. The article analyzes both the dynamics of integral indicators of the components of financial security by the methodology of the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine for 2013 – 2017 and the dynamics of financial security indicators by the methodology of the Na-tional Institute of International Security Problems of Ukraine from 2013 to 2017, as well as distinguishes their shortcom-ings. There is proposed a system of measures to increase the level of financial security of the enterprises in Ukraine. Conclusions. Diagnostics of the level of financial security is a complex process of identifying, analyzing, eliminating and forecasting the emergence of internal and external threats to the state. Diagnosis of the components of financial security is the basis for developing a set of measures to counter threats and improve the level of protection of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Constitutional right to information on the state of the environment in the provision of tourist services

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Iryna RYZHUK ◽  
Alla IVANOVSKA ◽  
Iryna LYTVYNENKO
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
State Of The Environment

The paper proves that one of the means of ensuring the right of citizens to health care from the adverse effects of the environment is the right to information about the factors that affect health. It is noted that reliable information about the state of the environment is the basis for the formation of an effective environmental policy of the state. In this regard, it is argued that a society with a high level of informatization is able to successfully solve both economic and environmental problems. In connection with the above, the importance of issues related to the exercise of the right to information about the state of the environment is highlighted. The state of consolidation of the right to information on the state of the environment and the natural environment in national regulations is analyzed. The content of ecological information contained in acts of international character is outlined. The problem of the ratio of ecological information and information about the state of the environment is determined. Environmental information includes information on the state of the environment, however, given the legislative definition of the environment, which covers a wide range of elements related to the conditions of human existence, it is proved that the concept of “environment” is broader in meaning than “environment”. In summary, the proposed definition of “environmental information” is information about the environment, about activities that adversely affect (or may affect) the environment and the human body, as well as information on measures to protect the environment and ensure compliance with environmental rights. The agreements concluded between the tour operator and the travel agent and between the tourist and the travel company when providing travel services define the obligation to provide information and the right to receive information about the state of the environment.

On the Marketness of Markets and Actor Clout: Market-shaping Roles

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 170-184
Author(s):  
Suvi Nenonen ◽  
Kaj Storbacka
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Market Maker ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Market Evolution ◽  
Network Position ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Market Shaping

In reconnecting marketing to more plastic and malleable markets, we need more understanding about market evolution. In this research we explore how to assess the state of a market, and how the roles of a market-shaping actor vary depending on this state. We view markets as configurations of 25 interdependent elements and argue that well-functioning markets have a high degree of configurational fit between elements. The level of configurational fit describes the state of a market as a continuum from low to high marketness. The clout of a market actor to influence a market configuration is an amalgamation of the actor’s capabilities, network position and relative power. By exploring marketness and clout as contextual contingencies, we identify four market-shaping roles: market maker, market activist, market champion, and market complementor. The focus of a market-shaping actor, in terms of which elements to influence and in which order, vary significantly between roles.

ANTICYTOKINE ACTIVITY OF THE PROTOZOA BLASTOCYSTIS SPP

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Bugero N.V. ◽  
Ilyina N.A. ◽  
Aleksandrova S.M.
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Blastocystis Spp ◽  
High Level ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
High Degree

In addition to the classical pathogens, which are well understood and well identified, new pathogens with the potential to spread epidemiologically are being identified. Some of these little-known organisms are the simplest Blastocystis spp. blastocystostosis. The clinical significance of Blastocystis spp. and its pathogenicity are still under discussion. This parasite belongs to a group of single-celled eukaryotic organisms living in the colon of the human intestine. Blastocystis spp. is known to be found both in people with reduced immune status and in individuals without any clinical manifestation. It has been established that a sufficiently high degree of invasiveness is observed in persons with gastrointestinal tract diseases, dermatosis, allergic reactions, in patients with carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus, etc. Possessing persistence factors, protozoa blastocysts contribute to the inactivation of host defensive mechanisms, providing a stable anthogonistic effect. In recent years, many works have been devoted to the characteristics of the persistent properties of Blastocystis spr., however, individual properties of blastocysts, in particular, anticytokine activity (ACA), have not yet been studied. In this regard, the work studied the anticytokine activity of microorganisms isolated from healthy subjects and patients with gastrointestinal tract diseases. A high prevalence of the studied characteristic in the subjects was shown. The expression of anticytokine activity in the obtained isolates of blastocysts was the highest in the group of persons with gastric ulcer disease, which decreased in the order of duodenal ulcer, chronic cholecystitis, chronic gastritis, etc. The data obtained in this work on the high level of ACA expression in blastocyst isolates obtained from individuals with gastrointestinal diseases as compared with the control group enables to conclude that their exometabolites may influence the local cytokine balance [1], which supports the inflammatory process.

ON FOREST ECONOMICS TRANSFORMATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
А. Kh. Chochaev
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Groundwater Reserves ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The article analyzes problems of the Russia forest complex development related to social, environmental and infrastructure issues, the solution of which is impossible without state participation. The reasons of the poor adaptation of the forest complex market economy to long development periods, as well as the environmental consequences of economic activity, including environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources, loss of biodiversity and damage to public health, are considered. The analysis of the forest complex market economy features is made on domestic and foreign examples, a serious shortcoming of which is the isolation of the investment payback process from the chosen economic development direction. Forest rejuvenation in this way leads to a decrease or even loss of the forests biospheric properties to regulate the surface runoff of atmospheric precipitation and the formation of groundwater reserves. It is known, that in the forests of the European part of Russia have been accumulated large reserves of semi-subsistence conifer and hard wood. It is shown that to involve it in use it is necessary to change the principles of annual use calculations and to actually re-develop the regulatory framework for the intermediate use of forest wood resources. Four forest management units in the forest economy of the forest complex were identified: state forest management and implementation of medium-term and long-term planning of all types of work in forests, taking into account materials of the state forest inventory and assessing the state and trends in the development of domestic and foreign timber markets; protection and protection of forests from fires and other adverse natural factors (insects, fungi, pollution); carrying out planned logging with the differentiated use of all types of wood and the organization of reforestation taking into account the diversity of growing conditions and the possibilities of using the lands of the state forest fund of Russia. It is advisable to create economic mechanisms to stimulate the activities of all enterprises and institutions of the Russia forest complex for the transition to new environmentally sound technologies in the forest. A flexible economic mechanism is needed to include forest management costs in the cost of harvested wood in order to restore the ecological, economic, social and cultural properties of forests.

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