scholarly journals Subtropical and flower crops breeding at the Subtropical Scientific Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-432
Author(s):  
A. V. Ryndin ◽  
R. V. Kulyan ◽  
N. A. Slepchenko
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
The State ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
State Register ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Cultivars

This paper presents the results on the breeding work carried out by the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Currently, the Centre’s breeders are doing a lot of work aimed at breeding new fine yielding cultivars of subtropical and flower crops that will be resistant to growing conditions; they include kaki persimmon, feijoa, mandarin, freesia, crown anemone, pelargonium and chrysanthemum. The sources of high-level priority traits in flower crops that are valuable for further breeding in order to improve decorative (colour, flower shape, inflorescence), economic and biological traits (flowering period, a large number of flowers in the inflorescence, storage period of cut flowers, disease resistance, high reproduction coefficient) were recorded. The aim of the research is to improve the subtropical and flower crops assortment. The objects of the research were 989 hybrid forms: 136 citrus crops, 56 persimmon, 36 feijoa, 38 tea plant, 11 pear, 24 hazel, 108 freesia, 398 crown anemone, 120 pelargonium and 62 chrysanthemum hybrids. New cultivars with a complex of valuable traits have been created as a result of the scientific work. Over the past five years, FRC SSC of RAS has created 50 new cultivars: 26 pelargonium, 15 anemone, 5 freesia, 2 chrysanthemum, 1 persimmon and 1 apple and submitted them to the State Cultivar Commission. The “State Register of Selection Achievements Authorized for Use for Production Purposes” has included 63 cultivars developed by FRC SSC RAS, including 26 pelargonium, 13 anemone, 9 chrysanthemum, 7 freesia, 4 hazel, 3 feijoa and 1 tea plant cultivars. 46 patents for breeding achievements have been obtained.

scholarly journals ВИСОКОАДАПТИВНИЙ СОРТ СОЇ АКВАМАРИН

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Л. Г. Білявська ◽  
Ю. П. Васецький ◽  
О. В. Пилипенко ◽  
Ю. В. Білявський ◽  
А. О. Діянова
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
High Level ◽  
Soy Production ◽  
Abiotic Environmental Factors

Показано цінність білкової культури сої, універсальність її використання, генетичний потенціал, вимоги споживача та переробника. Розглядаються шляхи та перспективи формування сортових ресурсів сої в Україні. До державного Реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні, занесено значну кількість різноманітних сортів сої. Відмічається зростання частки скоростиглих сортів. Відповідно до сучасних вимог, сорт сої повинен бути високоврожайним, адаптивним, із високим генетичним потенціалом та мати відповідний рівень захисту рослин від біотичних та абіотичних факторів середовища. Базуючись на довготривалому практичному досвіді в селекції сої, у полтавському селекцентрі створено сорти з підвищеним базовим потенціалом. Серед них особливу цінність має сорт Аквамарин, занесений до Державного реєстру сортів рослин, придатних для поширення в Україні в 2013 році. Представлено окремі вимоги до елементів агротехніки. The value of protein culture of soy, the universality of its use is shown. The ways of increasing soy production in Ukraine are considered. To the State Register of plant varieties, suitable for distribution, a significant number of various soybean varieties are listed in Ukraine, most of which have a narrow ecological-geographical adaptation. In modern conditions, the soybean must be highly productive, adaptive, with a high level of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Based on long-term practical experience in soybean selection, the hybridization of sources of adaptability to stress factors of the environment resulted in a variety with a higher base potential. Aquamarine variety, entered in the State Register of plant varieties, is suitable for distribution in Ukraine. The morphological and biological characteristics of the variety are given.

scholarly journals Agroecological sustainability of varieties of regular bean to adverse vegetation conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Mazur ◽  
◽  
I. М. Didur ◽  
О. P. Tkachuk ◽  
Н. V. Pantsyrevа ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
The State ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
State Register ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Resistance Score

Actuality of theme. Insignificant sown area and low yield of common bean seeds do not meet consumer needs for its products in Ukraine. One of the important factors in increasing the sown area and increasing the yield of beans is the correct selection of its varieties, taking into account their agri-environmental resistance to diseases, pests, drought and potential productivity. Goal. Therefore, the aim of our research was to analyze the available range of beans in terms of productivity and resistance to adverse environmental factors. Methods. Studies on the assessment of agroecological resistance of common bean varieties to adverse growing conditions were conducted on the basis of the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine for 2021, Official Descriptions of Plant Varieties and Economic Suitability Indicators submitted in the Official Bulletins, covered in the Information-reference system "Variety", as well as on the materials of scientific research Bezugla O.M., Ovcharuk O.V., Mazur O.V., Palamarchuk V.D., Klisha A.I., Kulinich O.O., Korzh Z.V., Olifirovich S.E., where the indicators of productivity of varieties of common beans are presented. Materials were analyzed by varieties of common beans (grain) and common beans (vegetables). The resistance of bean varieties to pests, diseases and drought was considered as unfavorable growing conditions. The relative resistance of plant varieties to adverse factors is established on a nine-point scale (1 – 9 points), in which 9 points corresponds to the highest resistance, and 1 point – the lowest resistance. Potential yield levels of seeds of grain beans and green beans of vegetable beans were also analyzed. We compared the studied indicators using mathematical-statistical correlation-regression analysis. Results. Common beans (grain) in the State Register of Plant Varieties Ukraine for 2021 is represented by 30 varieties. According to the level of potential seed yield, according to the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine, among the varieties of grain beans predominate Eureka, Igolomskaya – 3.0 t/ha, Ros, Mavka – 2.80 t/ha, Yasochka – 2.78 t/ha, Nata – 2.75 t/ha, Shchedra, Assol, Slavia, Wawel – 2.70 t/ha each. The lowest declared seed yield of grain varieties Fresano, Pervomaiskaya, Dokuchaevskaya – 1.50 t/ha, Gaidarskaya, Dvadesyatitsa – 1.70 t/ha. The relative resistance of most varieties of common beans to the disease complex is determined by a score of 7 on a nine-point scale. Only the Gothic variety had the highest resistance to a complex of diseases – 9 points, the Otrada variety had a resistance score of 6, Dokuchaevskaya – 5, Pervomaiskaya – 4 points. Information on the resistance of grain varieties to pests in the State Register of Varieties is only partially written out. According to this document, the varieties Gaidarska, Gothic, Onyx, Perlina, Mavka and Nadiya have a resistance score of 7. There is no information on the resistance to pests of other varieties of grain beans in the document. The highest drought resistance, according to the State Register of varieties, has beans of the Wawel variety – 9 points, Igolomskaya, Zagadka, Dvadesyatitsa – 8 points each. The least drought-resistant varieties are Pervomaisk – 4 points, Veselka, Yarynka, Dokuchaevska – 5 points each. Most varieties of grain beans are characterized by an average score of drought resistance – 7. The State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine for 2021 presents 34 varieties of vegetable beans. The highest potential seed yield, according to the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine, are varieties of vegetable beans Gina, Festival – 2.20 t/ha, Konza – 2.10 t/ha and Dolphin – 2.00 t/ha. The lowest seed yield is typical for Croquet varieties – 0.65 t/ha and Pike – 0.70 t/ha. Similar to grain beans, most varieties of vegetable beans have a disease resistance score of 7. Only the Nagano variety has a score of 8, Olga – 6, Festival, Faiza, Festin – 5 points each. Increased resistance to pests are varieties of beans vegetable Festival and Faiza, with a score of 8. For other varieties, information on their resistance to pests is missing. Vegetable varieties of vegetables Dolphin, Nagano, Shahinya, Croquet and Festin have the highest drought resistance – 8 points each. The least drought-resistant are Teroma – 5 points and Faiza – 6 points. Comparison of the potential seed yield of grain and vegetable varieties revealed an excess of the average yield of grain varieties by 37.2% compared to vegetables. Disease resistance in grain and vegetable beans is the same – 6.8 points each, and resistance to pests in vegetable beans is 12.5% higher than in grain beans. Drought resistance of vegetable varieties is 6.9% higher than grain beans. Conclusions. Among the varieties of grain beans according to the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine for 2021 the highest potential seed yields are: Eureka, Igolomskaya, Ros, Mavka, Yasochka, Nata, Shchedra, Assol, Slavia, Wawel. The most drought-resistant varieties are Wawel, Igolom, Zagadka; to diseases - Gothic. Among the varieties of vegetable beans, the highest potential seed yields are: Gina, Festival, Konza and Delfina; green beans – Festival, Faiza and Festin. Nagano was the most resistant to diseases; to the influence of pests - Festival and Faiza; The most drought-resistant, according to the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine for 2021, are the varieties Dolphin, Nagano, Shahinya, Croquet and Festin.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF LINES OF BARE OATS FOR SEVERAL ECONOMIC AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL BLACK EARTH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.А. Марченкова ◽  
О.В. Павлова ◽  
Р.Ф. Чавдарь ◽  
А. Маркова ◽  
С.И. Чебаненко
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Source Material ◽  
The State ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Fusarium Infection ◽  
State Register ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
Tolerance Regions

Проведена оценка биологических и хозяйственных свойств линий голозерного овса, полученных от скрещивания как с голозерными формами, так и с пленчатыми сортами местной селекции. В поисках исходного материала в 2004 г. оценено более 140 номеров голозерного овса коллекции ВИР различного происхождения. Установлено, что подавляющая часть изучаемых генотипов существенно уступает по комплексу хозяйственно-биологических признаков сортам пленчатого овса. Лучшие результаты показали скрещивания голозерных форм Крестьянский местный (Россия), Ac Lotta (Канада), Bullion (Великобритания) и др. с сортами местной селекции – Лев, Яков, Буланый, ЗАЛП, при участии которых создан ряд перспективных линий голозерного овса. Главным итогом селекции данной культуры стало внесение в Госреестр селекционных достижений сорта Немчиновский 61 с регионами допуска 2, 3, 5 и передача в 2020 г. на Государственное сортоиспытание сорта Азиль (линия 57h2396). Изучены посевные качества семян сортообразцов голозерного и пленчатого овса, их фитосанитарное состояние и адаптивные свойства на фонах искусственно создаваемых стрессов (обезвоживание сахарозой, засоление хлоридом натрия и закисление сульфатом алюминия), определены различия между показателями голозерного и посевного овса. Представлен анализ всхожести и зараженности семян фузариозом за период 2011-2019 гг. Выявлен комплекс возбудителей болезней семян овса с наиболее частой встречаемостью родов Fusarium, Pyrenophora, Alternaria, Penicillium и Bacterium. Установлено, что голозерные формы уступают пленчатым по всем показателям. На фоне искусственно создаваемых стрессов лучшие результаты по адаптивности показали пленчатый сорт Яков и голозерный Азиль. The biological and economic properties of the bare oats lines, obtained from crosses both with bare forms and with filmy varieties of local selection were evaluated. Since 2004, more than 140 samples of various origins from VIR collection have been evaluated in search of source material. It was found that the vast majority of the studied genotypes contains a complex of negative characteristics, which were unsuitable for selection. The best results were shown by the crosses of the hulless forms Krestyanskyy Mestny (Russia), Abel (Germany), Ac Batton (and others) with locally created varieties - Lev, Yakov, Bulany, ZALP, with the participation of which a significant material was created for promising lines of bare oats. The main result of this culture selection was the introduction of the Nemchinovsky 61 variety with tolerance regions 2, 3, 5, into the State Register of breeding achievements, and the transfer in 2020 to the State variety test of the Azil variety (line 57h2396). The sowing qualities of seeds of bare and filmy oats varieties, their phytosanitary condition and adaptive properties against the background of artificially created stresses (dehydration with sucrose, salinity with sodium chloride and acidification with aluminum sulfate) were studied, and the differences between the types of oats parameters were determined. The analysis of germination and infection of seeds with Fusarium infection for the period 2011-2019 is thereby presented. A complex of oat seed pathogens with the most frequent occurrence of the genera Fusarium, Pyrenophora, Alternaria, Penicillium and Bacterium was revealed. It has been established, that bare forms are inferior to filmy in all those respects. Against the background of artificially created stresses, the best results in adaptability were shown by the filmy variety Yakov and bare variety Azil

Some aspects of pharmacological support with antidysrhythmic drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Archipov ◽  
Yuliya R. Bolsunovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Conduction Disorders ◽  
State Register ◽  
High Level

A high level of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases remains prevalent in the Russian Federation, despite a decreasing trend that emerged in recent years. Rhythm and conduction disorders play an essential role in the thanatogenesis of cardiovascular pathology, which determines the medical and social significance of their pharmacotherapy. This is indicated by the stable demand for antidysrhythmic drugs from both the state and the population. This is evidenced by high levels of public procurements and retail sales of drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, since patients take this drug group for a long time and often permanently. Our marketing analysis of the antidysrhythmic drugs market used current open data from the State Register of Medicines and the State Register of Maximum Selling Prices and available analytical data. It showed that from 54.5% (metoprolol drugs) to 100% (procainamide drugs) of the market share is occupied by generic drugs made in Russia. The presented analysis confirms the assumption of a significant increase in the share of generic drugs in public procurements. This is associated with the implementation of the drug safety program for vital and essential drugs and the optimization of costs by the state. A priority of the state drug policy in Russia is to monitor the effectiveness and safety throughout its entire life cycle. Moreover, particular importance should be given to the issue of interchangeability, which is regulated by Federal Law No. 1360 dated September 5, 2020, On the Procedure for Determining the Interchangeability of Medicines for Medical Use. The annual increase in the share of generic domestic antidysrhythmic drugs on the market poses the problem of selecting the most efficient and safe approach to pharmacotherapy for practicing specialists. The solution may be to develop and implement open automated information systems for the safety profiles of the original and generic antidysrhythmic drugs.

SPRING BARLEY NADEZHNYY

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova ◽  
L. M. Eroshenko ◽  
A. N. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Variety Trial ◽  
State Register ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to the results of competitive variety trials for 2009-2014 G. G. for yield and evaluation of biological and agronomic indicators of the selected line 11/1-05h 37(Annabel x Elf), which in 2015 was transferred to the State variety trial and included in the state register under the name Reliable. The article presents varietal description and brief characteristics of varieties on yield and quality. The most important biological feature of the variety is the high adaptability and adaptability to different growing conditions. In 2017 the results of two years testing the variety is zoned in the Central (3) and Volga-Vyatka (4) regions. Grade Reliable (Patent No. 8940 from 28.02.2017) two-rowed barley varieties nutans. With high technological grain quality parameters of the variety in the different conditions have been provided huge yield increment – 3351.03 pounds per hectare and in 2013 in Moscow Agricultural Research Institute – 7980.734 pounds per hectare.

Людмила – новый сорт чеснока озимого селекции Федерального научного центра овощеводства

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Seredin ◽  
A.F. Agafonov ◽  
V.V. Shumilina ◽  
E.V. Baranova ◽  
A.V. Soldatenko
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal State ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
State Register ◽  
State Commission ◽  
Growing Conditions

Представлены результаты работы лаборатории селекции и семеноводства луковых культур ФГБНУ Федеральный научный центр овощеводства по культуре чеснока озимого. Выделен и создан зимостойкий, лежкий, устойчивый к болезням и вредителям сорт чеснока озимого. В 2017 году под 78 передан на испытания в Госсорткомиссию, в 2019 году внесен в Госреестр РФ как сорт Людмила. Работа по созданию сорта чеснока озимого Людмила была начата в 2014 году. Был заложен коллекционный питомник (100 образцов из различных экологогеографических зон). В 2017 году был выделен перспективный образец под 78, с высокой зимостойкостью, способностью к длительному хранению, устойчивостью к болезням и вредителям. Цель исследований: выделение из коллекционного питомника чеснока озимого наиболее урожайных, зимостойких, устойчивых к болезням и вредителям сортообразцов, адаптированных к условиям выращивания. Зубки высаживали в первой декаде октября, на грядах (трехстрочная схема) 3035 растений/м2, с нормой высадки 900 кг/га. За стандарт в исследованиях был взят районирований сорт чеснока озимого Одинцовский Юбилейный. Листья чеснока озимого сорта Людмила расположены на растении со средней плотностью, длинные, средней ширины, слабо вогнутые, со средней степенью выраженности воскового налета. Стрелка длинная, без изгиба. Луковица крупная, округлоплоская. Продолжительность вегетационного периода растений составляет 98 суток, общая урожайность за три года 21,1 т/га, товарная 20,5 т/га. Средняя масса товарной луковицы 72 г. Число зубков 57 шт., масса одного зубка 12 г. Зимостойкость 97. Вкус острый. Новый сорт чеснока озимого Людмила относится к рано отрастающим, среднеспелым формам, пригодным к механизированной уборке. Общая урожайность у нового сорта в среднем на 7 больше чем у стандартного сорта Одинцовский Юбилейный, также и товарная на 6 выше, чем у последнего.The results of the work of the laboratory of breeding and seed production of onion crops of the Federal State Scientific Institution of the Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetable Growing on winter garlic are presented. Winterhardy, wintergarlic variety, resistant to diseases and pest is selected and bred. In 2017, under No. 78, it was given for testing to the State Commission on Cultivars in 2019, it was introduced to the State Register of the Russian Federation as a Lyudmila variety. The breeding of winter garlic cultivar Lyudmila was started in 2014. A collection nursery was laid (100 samples from various ecologicalgeographical zones). In 2017, the prospective model No. 78 was allocated, with high winter hardiness, longterm storage, resistance to diseases and pests. The purpose of the research: the selection from the winter collection of garlic nursery most productive, winterhardy, resistant to diseases and pests varietal samples adapted to growing conditions. Garlic gloves were planted in the first decade of October, on the ridges (three line) 3035 plants / m2, with a planting rate of 900 kg/ha. The standard was taken zoned winter garlic variety Odintsovsky Yubileiny. Leaves of the new cultivar are located on a plant with an average density, long, medium width, slightly concave, with an average degree of expression of a wax bloom. The spear is long, without bending. Bulb large, rounded flat. The length of the growing season is 98 days, the total yield for three years is 21.1 t/ha, and the commodity yield is 20.5 t/ha. The average mass of the commodity bulb is 72 g. The number of the cloves is 57, the mass of one clove is 12 g. Winter hardiness is 97. The taste is spicy. The new cultivar of winter garlic Lyudmila refers to the early growing, midseason forms suitable for mechanized harvesting. The overall yield of the new variety is on average 7 higher than that of the standard variety Odintsovsky Yubileiny, and the product is also 6 higher than the latter.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF GROWING ENERGY CROPS AND THEIR PROCESSING INTO BIOFUELS IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING ENERGY AUTONOMY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Grygorii KALETNIK ◽  
Dina TOKARCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
The State ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
State Register ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Energy Autonomy

The article substantiates that the lack of a single interpretation of the concept of «energy crops» leads to difficulties in approaches to state incentives for the development of their production. It is determined that domestic scientists understand energy crops as a rule, as crops, grown for the use exclusively for energy purposes (willow, poplar, miscanthus, switchgrass, etc.). The classification of bioenergy crops by such features as: growing cycle, type, characteristics and the final product obtained, origin is considered. It has been proved that growing of energy crops will have a positive effect for the economy (improving the state balance of payments, reducing energy costs, economic growth) and the environment (decarbonization, reducing emissions, land reclamation, etc.). The characteristics of energy crops in relation to growing conditions are given and a review of plant varieties for bioenergy use from the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine in 2021 is made. The peculiarities of the technology of growing giant miscanthus, energy willow and poplar are considered; economic calculations of efficiency of cultivation of miscanthus on one hectare are resulted. The experience in growing energy crops by the Yaltushkivka Research and Breeding Station, where miscanthus and energy willow plantations were laid in 2017 and the crops are used for self-sufficiency in energy resources, is analyzed. Options for growing and further use of energy crops as fuel, including the sale of energy crops and biofuels based on them, as well as use for energy autonomy (direct combustion or production of pellets / briquettes with their further use within the enterprise) is considered. The choice of the most economically viable option depends on the specific conditions of the agricultural enterprises.

Bioindicators of the constants of homeostasis of the internal environment of crustaceans, cultured in different environmental conditions for the purpose of obtaining commodity products

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Lina Yuryevna Lagutkina ◽  
Aliya Baymuratovna Akhmedzhanova ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Ponomarev ◽  
Alexander Sergeevich Martyanov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Red Claw Crayfish ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
State Of The Environment

The study of the composition and properties of the internal environment (hemolymph) of crustaceans grown in various conditions has an important ecological and physiological aspect, since a number of characteristics of the physiological status of objects can be used to assess the state of the environment, thus, they can be included in the number of bioindicators. However, the nature of the observed differences between objects grown under different conditions, the features of homeostatic regulatory mechanisms and the limits of the reference values of individual homeostasis constants are often not known. To formulate recommendations regarding the technological process of growing objects of warm-water aquaculture, taking into account the assessment of environmental conditions in dynamics through the analysis of indicators of the state of individuals — bioindicators — it is necessary to compare the state of individuals kept in different conditions. The object of the study was the Australian red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868), cultivated under various conditions of intensive and semi-intensive cultivation. The studies have revealed that throughout the entire period of cultivation, individuals grown in ponds retained a high level of total protein, cholesterol and β-lipoproteins, in contrast to crayfish cultivated in pools. The values of these indicators as bioindicators indicate a high degree of compliance of the growing conditions with the needs of the studied object. Comparative assessment of fluctuations in the ratio of hemolymph shaped elements in the hemocyte composition between cancers grown under different conditions did not reveal significant differences. It was found that significantly higher growth rates are characteristic of crayfish grown in ponds, in contrast to the group of individuals cultivated in pools. The comparative analysis of bioindicators in different growing conditions presented by the authors of the article supplements information that is of significant interest for monitoring the growing conditions of this representative of warm water aquaculture, which will be valuable for specialists engaged in crustacean breeding.

scholarly journals The influence of weather conditions on the yield and biochemical composition of watermelon

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
S. V. Malueva ◽  
I. N. Bocherova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The State ◽  
High Yield ◽  
State Register ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Solids Content

Relevance. A priority in the selection of watermelon is the creation of new competitive varieties that combine resistance to adverse stressors, high yield and excellent fruit quality. The purpose of this study is to show the influence of weather conditions on the growing season, yield and quality of watermelon fruits and the influence of growing conditions on the growth and development of watermelon plants.Materials and methods. The study used 5 varieties of watermelon included in the State Register and 2 new varieties, ready for transfer to the State Variety Test. During the research, all observations and counts were carried out in accordance with the State Variety Testing Methodology and the Field Experience Methodology.Results. In the process of research, it was found that the length of the growing season largely depends on the amount of precipitation and the sum of active temperatures, as well as on their distribution in interphase periods. It was noted that in the year with the highest rainfall, the growing season was the longest. Productivity for the analyzed period varies from 14.2 t / ha to 20.7 t / ha in the early group, from 19.4 t / ha to 24.9 t / ha in the average. The highest yields were recorded in 2017 with the least rainfall. Growing conditions had a significant impact on the quality of watermelon fruit: the solids content ranged from 9.4% to 12.8%, total sugar - from 7.70% to 11.35%.

ALFALFA VARIETIES ZONED IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
State Register ◽  
Independent Evaluation ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Alfalfa Varieties ◽  
Central Chernozem

The article describes the main morphological and biological features of alfalfa varieties included in the State register of breeding achievements approved for use in the Central Chernozem zone of Russia. A total of 32 alfalfa varieties are included in the State register. This is 9 varieties of blue alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. Sativa) of domestic selection and 8 foreign, 11 varieties of variable alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. nothosubsp. varia (Martyn) Arcang.) domestic selection and 1 variety of foreign and 3 varieties of yellow alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang.). It shows the average and maximum yield of varieties determined in the process of state variety testing, as well as independent evaluation in research institutions in the region. Varieties of blue alfalfa of domestic selection Kevsala, Elena, Satellite, Vavilovskaya Yubileynaya were the most productive. The average yield of dry matter of these varieties reaches 8.4–9.2 t/ha, the maximum — 15.3–17.7 t/ha. Alfalfa varieties Timbale and Galaxy were the most productive among foreign varieties: the average yield of dry matter was 8.1 and 8.3 t/ha, the maximum – 15.5 and 17.2 t/ha. Varieties of alfalfa variable Vitalina and Vela provided an average yield of dry matter of 7.6 and 9.0 t/ha, the maximum yield reached 15.4 and 18.1 t/ha.

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