CORRECTION OF DETOXIFICATION AND HEMOSTASIS-REGULATING LUNG ABILITY IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
A.P. Vlasov ◽  
G.D. Khudayberenova ◽  
T.I. Vlasova ◽  
Sh.S. Al'-Kubaysi ◽  
T.A. Muratova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
Severe Pancreatitis ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Quantum Radiation

In recent years, the study of the functional state of the lungs has become a topical issue for urgent surgery. This is due to the fact that the lungs play an important role in the regulation of the inflammatory response, and in the body balance control. The aim of the study is to establish the detoxification and hemostasis-correcting lung ability in acute pancreatitis experimentally and clinically; to determine the effectiveness of quantum metabolic therapy in correcting lung functional status. Materials and Methods. The experiments were performed on adult dogs (n=30). The animals were divided into two groups: the first group (n=15) – a pancreatitis model, the second group (n=15) – a pancreatitis model with complex treatment, including quantum irradiation and remaxol. Forty patients with acute severe pancreatitis were examined clinically. They were also divided into two groups. Patients of the first group (n=20) were treated according to clinical guidelines, whereas patients of the second group (n=20) underwent complex treatment, including quantum irradiation and remaxol. The level of toxic products in arterial and venous blood and the state of the hemostatic system were determined. Results. Having analyzed the results of the study, the authors can claim that pancreas tissue injury in acute pancreatitis results in endogenous systemic inflammation, that is manifested in dysfunctional lung disorders, namely, a decrease in lung detoxification activity and impaired hemostasis-regulating ability. Complex treatment with quantum radiation and remaxol increases lung reserves, thus, resisting trigger damage agents. It is manifested in an increase in lung detoxification ability and less hemostasis defects. Conclusion. The inclusion of quantum radiation and remaxol in the complex therapy of acute pancreatitis is pathogenetically substantiated. Such a therapy decreases dysfunctional lung events, such as an increase in lung detoxification ability and a decrease in hemostasis defects. Keywords: acute pancreatitis, lungs, endotoxicosis, hemostasis. В последние годы изучение функционального состояния легких стало актуальным вопросом для ургентной хирургии. Это обусловлено тем, что легкие играют важную роль в регуляции воспалительного ответа, в поддержании гомеостатических констант. Цель исследования – в эксперименте и клинике при остром панкреатите установить детоксикационную и гемостазкорригирующую способность легких; определить эффективность квантово-метаболической терапии в коррекции их функционального статуса. Материалы и методы. Эксперименты поставлены на взрослых собаках (n=30). Две группы: первая (n=15) – модель панкреатита, вторая (n=15) – модель панкреатита, лечение комплексное, включающее квантовое облучение и ремаксол. Клинический материал – 40 пациентов с острым тяжелым панкреатитом. Первая группа (n=20) – лечение согласно клиническим рекомендациям, вторая группа (n=20) – лечение комплексное, включающее квантовое облучение и ремаксол. В артериальной и венозной крови определяли уровень токсических продуктов и состояние системы гемостаза. Результаты. Анализ результатов экспериментальной и клинической частей исследования дает основание утверждать, что поражение тканей поджелудочной железы при остром панкреатите приводит к явлениям эндогенного системного воспаления, проявлением которого являются дисфункциональные расстройства легких в виде снижения их детоксикационной активности и нарушения гемостазрегулирующей способности. Проведение комплексного лечения с включением квантового облучения и ремаксола увеличивает резервы легких для противостояния триггерным агентам повреждения, что проявляется повышением их детоксикационной способности и меньшими расстройствами в системе гемостаза. Выводы. Включение в комплексную терапию острого панкреатита квантового облучения и ремаксола патогенетически обосновано. При такого рода терапии дисфункциональные явления со стороны легких уменьшаются, частным проявлением является повышение их детоксикационной способности и уменьшение расстройств в системе гемостаза. Ключевые слова: острый панкреатит, легкие, эндотоксикоз, гемостаз.

scholarly journals Body type as a risk factor for progress of severe pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Starchikhina ◽  
Yu. G. Shapkin ◽  
N. Yu. Stekolnikov ◽  
P. A. Seliverstov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Prognostic Factor ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Urgent Surgery

Relevance. Early detection of severe forms of acute pancreatitis remains an unsolved problem of urgent surgery.Objective of the study: early detection of prognostically unfavorable forms of the disease based on the constitutional characteristics of the patient.Materials and methods. A comparative prospective analysis of the clinical course of acute pancreatitis in 270 patients with an assessment of the prognostic significance of clinical, instrumental and anthropological data in the early diagnosis of severe forms of acute pancreatitis was carried out. In 179 patients there was a moderate and severe form of the disease, in 91 patients the disease was mild.Results and discussion. ROC analysis of the studied criteria showed that clinical and laboratory data on the first day of the disease are not reliable predictors of the risk of death. The somatotype and the amount of adipose tissue in the body (type of nutrition) showed a significant predictive value of AUC (0.768 and 0.655, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). At the same time, only the body type AUC (0.658, p < 0.0001) showed statistical reliability as a significant prognostic factor for the progress severity of the patient's condition. The criti cal boundary calculated value of the somatotype is 20 nominal units. The risk group includes persons with a body type close to brachymorphic.Conclusion. Carrying out somatotyping with the calculation of its numerical values, attributing the patient to a particular type of physique in the group of patients with acute pancreatitis in the early stages from the moment of the disease, is an additional criterion for early prediction of the course of acute pancreatitis and will allow to determine the competent treatment to avoid manifestation of severe form of disease.

Markers of Hemostatic Activation in Affected Coronary Arteries during Angioplasty

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (05) ◽  
pp. 672-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas W Shammas ◽  
Michael J Cunningham ◽  
Richard M Pomearntz ◽  
Charles W Francis
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Balloon Inflation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hemostatic Markers ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
High Doses

SummaryTo characterize the extent of early activation of the hemostatic system following angioplasty, we obtained blood samples from the involved coronary artery of 11 stable angina patients during the procedure and measured sensitive markers of thrombin formation (fibrino-peptide A, prothrombin fragment 1.2, and soluble fibrin) and of platelet activation ((3-thromboglobulin). Levels of hemostatic markers in venous blood obtained from 14 young individuals with low pretest probability for coronary artery disease were not significantly different from levels in venous blood or intracoronary samples obtained prior to angioplasty. Also, there was no translesional (proximal and distal to the lesion) gradient in any of the hemostatic markers before or after angioplasty in samples obtained between 18 and 21 min from the onset of the first balloon inflation. Furthermore, no significant difference was noted between angioplasty and postangioplasty intracoronary concentrations. We conclude that intracoronary hemostatic activation does not occur in the majority of patients during and immediately following coronary angioplasty when high doses of heparin and aspirin are administered.

Inhibition rather than Enhancement of Hemostatic System Activation during Initiation of Oral Anticoagulant Treatment

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (04) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Johannes Brockmeier ◽  
Ansgar Weltermann ◽  
Sabine Eichinger ◽  
Wolfgang Speiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Shed Blood ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
System Activation

SummaryCoumarin-induced skin necrosis is believed to be due to a transient hypercoagulable state resulting from a more rapid decline of the protein C activity relative to that of coagulation factors (F) II, IX and X during initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy. We studied hemostatic system activation during early oral anticoagulant treatment with a technique that investigates coagulation activation in the microcirculation.We determined in 10 healthy volunteers the concentrations of prothrombin fragment F1+2 (f1.2) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) in blood emerging from an injury of the microvasculature (bleeding time incision) before and after initiation of both high-inten- sity and low-intensity coumarin therapy. In addition, f1.2, TAT, activated F VII (F Vila) and the activities of FII, F VII, F X and protein C were measured in venous blood.A rapid decline of F VII and protein C was observed in venous blood with activities at 24 h of 7 ± 1% and 43 ± 2%, respectively, during the high-intensity regimen. A 20 to 30% reduction of f1.2 and TAT was seen in venous blood at 72 h with no major difference between the high- and the low-intensity regimen. F Vila levels were substantially affected by anticoagulation with a >90% reduction at 48 h during the high-intensity regimen. Following high-intensity coumarin, a >50% decrease in the fl.2 and TAT levels was found in shed blood at 48 h suggesting substantial inhibition of thrombin generation during early oral anticoagulation. An increase in the f1.2 and TAT levels was seen neither in shed blood nor in venous blood.Our data do not support the concept of a transient imbalance between generation and inhibition of thrombin as the underlying pathomechanism of coumarin-induced skin nekrosis.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

Use of Roncoleukin in the complex treatment of pancreatic necrosis on the example of a clinical case

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Svetlana Styazhkina ◽  
Tatyana Chernyshova ◽  
Olga Neganova ◽  
Yuliya Russkikh ◽  
Raniya Gazimzyanova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Pancreatic Necrosis ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Urgent Surgery

Today, the problem of pancreonecrosis remains in the leading positions in urgent surgery. The incidence of this pathology increases every year. This article presents the results of the analysis of the use of the drug "Roncoleukin" in clinical practice for pancreonecrosis. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this drug.

scholarly journals Inflammation-Related Carcinogenesis: Lessons from Animal Models to Clinical Aspects

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Futoshi Okada ◽  
Runa Izutsu ◽  
Keisuke Goto ◽  
Mitsuhiko Osaki
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Promote Cell Proliferation ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Altered Gene

Inflammation-related carcinogenesis has long been known as one of the carcinogenesis patterns in humans. Common carcinogenic factors are inflammation caused by infection with pathogens or the uptake of foreign substances from the environment into the body. Inflammation-related carcinogenesis as a cause for cancer-related death worldwide accounts for approximately 20%, and the incidence varies widely by continent, country, and even region of the country and can be affected by economic status or development. Many novel approaches are currently available concerning the development of animal models to elucidate inflammation-related carcinogenesis. By learning from the oldest to the latest animal models for each organ, we sought to uncover the essential common causes of inflammation-related carcinogenesis. This review confirmed that a common etiology of organ-specific animal models that mimic human inflammation-related carcinogenesis is prolonged exudation of inflammatory cells. Genotoxicity or epigenetic modifications by inflammatory cells resulted in gene mutations or altered gene expression, respectively. Inflammatory cytokines/growth factors released from inflammatory cells promote cell proliferation and repair tissue injury, and inflammation serves as a “carcinogenic niche”, because these fundamental biological events are common to all types of carcinogenesis, not just inflammation-related carcinogenesis. Since clinical strategies are needed to prevent carcinogenesis, we propose the therapeutic apheresis of inflammatory cells as a means of eliminating fundamental cause of inflammation-related carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Metabolic Acidosis in Patients with CKD: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Marcin Adamczak ◽  
Stanisław Surma
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Ckd Progression ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Metabolic acidosis in CKD is diagnosed in patients with plasma or venous blood bicarbonate concentration lower than 22 mmol/L. Metabolic acidosis occurs in about 20% of patients with CKD. Metabolic acidosis may lead to dysfunction of many systems and organs as well as CKD progression. Currently, sodium bicarbonate is mainly used for pharmacological treatment of metabolic acidosis in patients with CKD. Veverimer is a new drug dedicated to treatment of metabolic acidosis in patients with CKD. Orally given veverimer binds hydrogen ions in the intestines and subsequently is excreted from the body with feces. Clinical studies have shown that veverimer is effective in increasing serum bicarbonate concentrations in CKD patients with metabolic acidosis. Here, we present review of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of metabolic acidosis in CKD patients. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Metabolic acidosis is common in patients with CKD and contributes to CKD progression and many complications, which worsen the prognosis in these patients. Currently, sodium bicarbonate is mainly used in metabolic acidosis treatment. The role of the new drug veverimer in the metabolic acidosis therapy needs further studies. <b><i>Key Message:</i></b> The aim of this review article is to summarize the current knowledge concerning the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of metabolic acidosis in CKD patients.

Respiratory measurements of cardiac output: from elegant idea to useful test

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Laszlo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mixed Venous Blood ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Mixed Venous

The measurement of cardiac output was first proposed by Fick, who published his equation in 1870. Fick's calculation called for the measurement of the contents of oxygen or CO2 in pulmonary arterial and systemic arterial blood. These values could not be determined directly in human subjects until the acceptance of cardiac catheterization as a clinical procedure in 1940. In the meanwhile, several attempts were made to perfect respiratory methods for the indirect determination of blood-gas contents by respiratory techniques that yielded estimates of the mixed venous and pulmonary capillary gas pressures. The immediate uptake of nonresident gases can be used in a similar way to calculate cardiac output, with the added advantage that they are absent from the mixed venous blood. The fact that these procedures are safe and relatively nonintrusive makes them attractive to physiologists, pharmacologists, and sports scientists as well as to clinicians concerned with the physiopathology of the heart and lung. This paper outlines the development of these techniques, with a discussion of some of the ways in which they stimulated research into the transport of gases in the body through the alveolar membrane.

scholarly journals Observations on the theory of respiration

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 334-335
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Dark Colour ◽  
Oxygen Gas

From the fact that no carbonic acid gas is given out by venous blood when that fluid is subjected to the action of the air-pump, former experimentalists had inferred that this blood contains no carbonic acid. The author of the present paper contends that this is an erroneous inference; first, by showing that serum, which had been made to absorb a considerable quantity of this gas, does not yield it upon the removal of the atmospheric pressure; and next, by adducing several experiments in proof of the strong attraction exerted on carbonic acid both by hydrogen and by oxygen gases, which were found to absorb it readily through the medium of moistened membrane. By means of a peculiar apparatus, consisting of a double-necked bottle, to which a set of bent tubes were adapted, he ascertained that venous blood, agitated with pure hydrogen gas, and allowed to remain for an hour in contact with it, imparts to that gas a considerable quantity of carbonic acid. The same result had, indeed, been obtained, in a former experiment, by the simple application of heat to venous blood confined under hydrogen gas; but on account of the possible chemical agency of heat, the inference drawn from that experiment is less conclusive than from experiments in which the air-pump alone is employed. The author found that, in like manner, atmospheric air, by remaining, for a sufficient time, in contact with venous blood, on the application of the air-pump, acquires carbonic acid. The hypothesis that the carbon of the blood attracts the oxygen of the air into the fluid, and there combines with it, and that the carbonic acid thus formed is afterwards exhaled, appears to be inconsistent with the fact that all acids, and carbonic acid more especially, impart to the blood a black colour; whereas the immediate effect of exposing venous blood to atmospheric air, or to oxygen gas, is a change of colour from a dark to a bright scarlet, implying its conversion from the venous to the arterial character: hence the author infers that the acid is not formed during the experiment in question, but already exists in the venous blood, and is extracted from it by the atmospheric air. Similar experiments made with oxygen gas, in place of atmospheric air, were attended with the like results, but in a more striking degree and tend therefore to corroborate the views entertained by the author of the theory of respiration. According to these views, it is neither in the lungs, nor generally in the course of the circulation, but only during its passage through the capillary system of vessels, that the blood undergoes the change from arterial to venous; a change consisting in the formation of carbonic acid, by the addition of particles of carbon derived from the solid textures of the body, and which had combined with the oxygen supplied by the arterial blood: and it is by this combination that heat is evolved, as well as a dark colour imparted to the blood. The author ascribes, however, the bright red colour of arterial blood, not to the action of oxygen, which is of itself completely inert as a colouring agent, but to that of the saline ingredients naturally contained in healthy blood. On arriving at the lungs, the first change induced on the blood is effected by the oxygen of the atmospheric air, and consists in the removal of the carbonic acid, which had been the source of the dark colour of the venous blood; and the second consists in the attraction by the blood of a portion of oxygen, which it absorbs from the air, and which takes the place of the carbonic acid. The peculiar texture of the lungs, and the elevation of temperature in warm-blooded animals, concur in promoting the rapid production of these changes.

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