Justification of the choice of indicators for assessing load hypoxia in humans and laboratory animals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Kim ◽  
E.B. Shustov ◽  
A.V. Lemeshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Oxygen Debt ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Field Profile ◽  
Key Words Hypoxia

In a study on healthy athletes of the track and field profile, it was shown that the hypoxia of physical activity is most fully reflected by the indicator of specific oxygen debt (maximum oxygen debt divided by 1000 J of work performed). When simulating load hypoxia in laboratory animals, direct registration of the arising oxygen debt is technically difficult to implement, and its indirect signs may be a decrease in peripheral blood saturation, excessive tachycardia, and hyperlactatemia of the post-load period. Key words: hypoxia of physical activity, oxygen debt, athletes, laboratory animals, blood lactate, physical activity.

B-cell and T-cell values in peripheral blood in Polish mixed-breed rabbits with addition of blood of meet breeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tokarz-Deptuła ◽  
P. Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej ◽  
B. Hukowska-Szematowicz ◽  
M. Adamiak ◽  
A. Trzeciak-Ryczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In Poland, rabbit is a highly valued animal, due to dietetic and flavour values of its meat, but above all, rabbits tend to be commonly used laboratory animals. The aim of the study was developing standards for counts of B-cells with CD19+ receptor, T-cells with CD5+ receptor, and their subpopulations, namely T-cells with CD4+, CD8+ and CD25+ receptor in the peripheral blood of mixed-breed Polish rabbits with addition of blood of meet breeds, including the assessment of the impact of four seasons of the year and animal sex on the values of the immunological parameters determined. The results showed that the counts of B- and T-cells and their subpopulations in peripheral blood remain within the following ranges: for CD19+ B-cells: 1.05 - 3.05%, for CD5+ T-cells: 34.00 - 43.07%, CD4+ T-cells: 23.52 - 33.23%, CD8+ T-cells: 12.55 - 17.30%, whereas for CD25+ T-cells: 0.72 - 2.81%. As it comes to the season of the year, it was observed that it principally affects the values of CD25+ T-cells, while in the case of rabbit sex, more changes were found in females.

scholarly journals Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Antioxidant Adaptations to Regular Physical Activity in Elderly People

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Busquets-Cortés ◽  
Xavier Capó ◽  
Maria Bibiloni ◽  
Miquel Martorell ◽  
Miguel Ferrer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

Regular physical activity prescription is a key point for healthy aging and chronic disease management and prevention. Our aim was to evaluate the antioxidant defense system and the mitochondrial status in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the level of oxidative damage in plasma in active, intermediate and inactive elderly. In total, 127 healthy men and women >55 years old participated in the study and were classified according on their level of declared physical activity. A more active lifestyle was accompanied by lower weight, fat mass and body mass index when compared to a more sedentary life-style. Active participants exhibited lower circulating PBMCs than inactive peers. Participants who reported higher levels of exercise had increased antioxidant protein levels when compared to more sedentary partakers. Carbonylated protein levels exhibited similar behavior, accompanied by a significant raise in expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV in PBMCs. No significant changes were found in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and in the expression of structural (MitND5) and mitochondrial dynamic-related (PGC1α and Mitofusins1/2.) proteins. Active lifestyle and daily activities exert beneficial effects on body composition and it enhances the antioxidant defenses and oxidative metabolism capabilities in PBMCs from healthy elderly.

scholarly journals A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Preventive Aspect of Amalaki Swarasa and Haridra Churna with Madhu in Pre-diabetes (Borderline Type2 DM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Swathi. M. Somayaji
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Borderline Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is rising to an alarming epidemic level. Pre-diabetes (intermediate hyperglycemia) is a high-risk state for diabetes that is defined by glycemic variables that are higher than normal, but lower than diabetes thresholds. It stems up in persons who are physically inactive, obese, takes more kaphakara medokara abhishyandi ahara. Diabetes if not treated can cause a severe burden on society. The rising prevalence is closely associated with urbanization because of increasing obesity and inclination towards fast food. For pre-diabetic individuals, lifestyle modification is the cornerstone of diabetes prevention. Physical activity and decreased calorie intake can reduce the occurrence of Diabetes. So an attempt was made to find out the efficacy of Amalaki swarasa and haridra churna with madhu in pre-diabetes (borderline diabetes) Key words: Pre-Diabetes, Amalaki, Haridra, Madhu, Borderline Diabetes Mellitus.

INCREASED LEVELS OF INTERLEUKIN-10 EXPRESSION COMPARED TO INTERLEUKIN-6 IN LEUKOCYTES OF HEALTHY SUBJECTS. COULD IT BE USEFUL IN THE FUTURE OF THE DEPRESSION DIAGNOSIS?

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Agata Grzybkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Anczykowska ◽  
Joanna M. Pyczek ◽  
Małgorzata Żychowska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Relative Expression

It is a well known, that the physical activity promotes mental health. Physically active people relatively rarely suffer from psychosomatic and depressive disorders. It is possible that the differences in gene activity in peripheral blood leukocytes may be associated with depression, especially genes participating in inflammatory response. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the levels of IL6 and IL10 mRNA and IL10/IL6 ratio in peripheral blood leukocytes in healthy, physically active individuals. One hundred healthy young men (20-23 years old) participated in this study. All of them declared regular physical activity. Participants were non-smokers, and consumed alcohol occasionally. To access genes expression, 2 ml of venous blood was collected. RNA isolation was performed and then the relative expression of IL6 and IL10 was calculated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR). Pro and anti-inflammatory balance was calculated as 2^relative of IL10/ 2^relative expression of IL6. Low expression of tested genes was found in healthy young men. Mean expression for IL6 was 2^0.051 (n=90) and for IL10 2^0.08 (n=98). Mean ratio IL10/IL6 was 2^1.58. Higher expression of IL10 compared to IL6 may be essential not only for the physical performance but also for the mental health. Diverse reports in the literature may be associated with choosing various control groups, i.e. sedentary or older individuals. It is possible, that measuring the expression of IL6 and IL10 (especially the ratio IL10/IL6) in peripheral blood leukocytes may be useful in the assessment of depressive disorders. Thus, molecular study of active young men can confirm the need for physical activity among people suffering from depression, but further studies are needed, particularly among people with psychosomatic disorders.

Ratings of Perceived Exertion to Determine Intensity During Outdoor Running

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dixie L. Thompson ◽  
Keith A. West
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova

A paucity of data exists related to the usefulness of Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) to set exercise intensity in non-laboratory settings. The purpose of this study was to determine if RPE could be used on an outdoor track to generate blood lactate and heart rate (HR) responses similar to those obtained on a treadmill (tm) run. Nine experienced runners (6 males, 3 females; [Formula: see text]) completed a horizontal, incremental tm test. HR, RPE, and lactate were measured for each stage. Subsequently, subjects ran for 30 min on an outdoor track at the RPE corresponding with 2.5 mM lactate during the tm run. Repeated measures ANOVA compared lactate and HR values at 2.5 mM lactate on the tm run and values obtained during the track run. Lactate during the track run was significantly higher (p < .05) than 2.5 mM throughout the 30 min (6.9 ± 2.9, 63 ± 2.9, and 5.8 ± 3.0 mM at 10, 20, and 30 min, respectively). HR at 2.5 mM lactate during the tm run (173 ± 6.1 bpm) was significantly lower (p < .05) than at min 10 and 20 of the track run (182.6 ± 9.3 and 182.9 ± 8.0 bpm, respectively) but not different from min 30 (181.3 ± 10.6 bpm). In summary, it is difficult to generate specific physiological responses using RPE. Key words: RPE, Borg Scale, exercise, lactate, training

scholarly journals Association of Antioxidant Intake and Blood Lactate Level Among 20–55 Years Old Malaysian Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
Seok Shin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Level ◽  
Blood Lactate Level ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antioxidant Intake ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary antioxidant intake and blood lactate level among 20–55 years old Malaysian adults. Methods Subjects (N = 80) of this cross-sectional study were recruited through convenience sampling. Sole Fitness LCB Upright Bike was used to conduct the modified Wingate Anaerobic Test. Dietary antioxidant level was assessed by using Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 2014 food frequency questionnaire. Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the physical activity level of the subjects. Blood lactate concentration was assessed by The Edge TM blood lactate analyzer, before and after exercise. Saliva samples were collected from subjects for total antioxidant capacity determination using the 2,2-diphenyl-1- picryl-hydrazyl test of saliva (DPPHS) assay. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results The median of total antioxidant intake among Malaysian male and female adults were 1030.64 (734.74) and 9392.90 (10360.44) mg/day, respectively. A significant difference between the means blood lactate level before and after exercise was observed, however, no significant difference in the mean salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) before and after exercise. No significant association observed between the total antioxidant intake and salivary TAC before exercise for both males and females, whereas a significant positive moderate association was observed after exercise for females. A significant inverse moderate association between blood lactate level and salivary TAC before exercise was observed among the males in the present study but no association found after exercise for both males and females. Conclusions Present study indicated no significant association between the total dietary antioxidant intake and blood lactate level among Malaysian adults aged 20–55 years old. Future research with larger sample size should develop strategically to confirm these initial findings. Funding Sources International Medical University, Malaysia

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Oxidative Stress in Human Peripheral Blood Cells: Can Physical Activity Reactivate the Proteasome System through Epigenetic Mechanisms?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Rebecca Piccarducci ◽  
Simona Daniele ◽  
Beatrice Polini ◽  
Sara Carpi ◽  
Lucia Chico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Apoe Polymorphism ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Aβ Production

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by proteasome activity impairment, oxidative stress, and epigenetic changes, resulting in β-amyloid (Aβ) production/degradation imbalance. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is implicated in Aβ clearance, and particularly, the ApoE ε4 isoform predisposes to AD development. Regular physical activity is known to reduce AD progression. However, the impact of ApoE polymorphism and physical exercise on Aβ production and proteasome system activity has never been investigated in human peripheral blood cells, particularly in erythrocytes, an emerging peripheral model used to study biochemical alteration. Therefore, the influence of ApoE polymorphism on the antioxidant defences, amyloid accumulation, and proteasome activity was here evaluated in human peripheral blood cells depending on physical activity, to assess putative peripheral biomarkers for AD and candidate targets that could be modulated by lifestyle. Healthy subjects were enrolled and classified based on the ApoE polymorphism (by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique) and physical activity level (Borg scale) and grouped into ApoE ε4/non-ε4 carriers and active/non-active subjects. The plasma antioxidant capability (AOC), the erythrocyte Aβ production/accumulation, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediated proteasome functionality were evaluated in all groups by the chromatographic and immunoenzymatic assay, respectively. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms were investigated considering the expression of histone deacetylase 6, employing a competitive ELISA, and the modulation of two key miRNAs (miR-153-3p and miR-195-5p), through the miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Mini Kit. ApoE ε4 subjects showed a reduction in plasma AOC and an increase in the Nrf2 blocker, miR-153-3p, contributing to an enhancement of the erythrocyte concentration of Aβ. Physical exercise increased plasma AOC and reduced the amount of Aβ and its precursor, involving a reduced miR-153-3p expression and a miR-195-5p enhancement. Our data highlight the impact of the ApoE genotype on the amyloidogenic pathway and the proteasome system, suggesting the positive impact of physical exercise, also through epigenetic mechanisms.

scholarly journals The state of erythrocytopoiesis in dogs in physical and emotional load

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
V. Holovakha ◽  
E. Mostovoy ◽  
O. Piddubnyak ◽  
О. Kurchev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Service Dogs ◽  
Hemoglobin Content ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
National Police

In our studies, we examined the indices of erythrocytopoiesis in service dogs for physical activity. The studies were conducted on 1.5−2 years old Belgian Shepherd (Malinois) dogs whoperformed exercises from the international Mondioring program, which included physical andemotional training to train dogs for the Armed Forces, Border Troops and National Police. Blood was collected from animals before training (at rest) and after the training process (lasting 2 hours). It was found that 62.5% of animals showed a tendency to increase the total number of erythrocytes and their populations −"old" and "mature". Such changes in dogs during exercise are indicative of more intense maturation of “young” erythrocytes in the peripheral blood, elimination of “mature” cells from the depot, increased resistance to the membrane of their membranes, and intensifi cation of the processes of erythrocyte attachment and delivery. With regard to hemoglobin content in the blood and hematocrit, these fi gures in 75.0% of dogs after exercise tended to increase. However, red blood indices (MCH and MCV) tended to decrease, indicating an increase in the erythrocyte adaptation processes to physiological hypoxia during exercise and the appearance of a large number of unsaturated microcytic forms of erythrocytes in the bloodstream in particular. In the study of the ferumotransferrincomplex, it should be noted that in 87.5% of the animals, the amount of ferum, TIBC and transferrin levels increased, which are related to the release into the bloodstream of the reserve reserves of the ferrum for hemoglobin formation and adequate ability of hepatocytes to synthesize during transplantation. Key words: dogs, physical activity, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, acid resistance of erythrocytes, ferrum, transferrin, ferumotransferin complex.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BRUCELLA ABORTUS I-206 THERMOEXTRACTS IN L- AND S-FORM ON MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF WHITE MICE ADRENAL GLANDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Dubrovina ◽  
T. P. Starovoitova ◽  
S. A. Vityazeva ◽  
N. L. Barannikova ◽  
T. A. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
The Given ◽  
Morphological Research ◽  
Positive Properties

Live vaccines are used for specific brucellosis prophylaxis in the Russian Federation. These vaccines in addition to a number of  positive properties have some limitations including high  agglutinogenicity, reactogenicity, sensitizing activity. In this  connection, the development of subunit vaccines without adverse  reactions is a perspective direction in modern vaccinology. Complex  morphological research of the adrenal glands and comparative  analysis of peripheral blood (leukogram, leukocytic index and index  of allergization) of white mice immunized with thermoextracts (ТE)  of Brucella abortus I-206 in L- and S-form and inactivated vaccine B.  abortus 19 ВА were conducted. It was shown that ТE unlike B.  abortus 19 ВА caused minor alterations in peripheral blood of the  experimental animals in early periods of observation (increase of allergization index, changes in leukogram) with the subsequent  levelling to the values in control. Expositions of the adrenal gland  zoning were determined and cellular structure was estimated in  consideration of morphometry. Changes in architectonics of the mice  organ immunized with B. abortus 19 ВА were revealed. These alterations could indicate the stress-reaction development. In  case of ТE application the given changes were insignificant and were  developed in early periods. The revealed morphological changes in  adrenal glands of laboratory animals permit to prove the necessity of  realization the further experimental researches to ТE application  as the components for development of a subcellular brucellosis vaccine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document