scholarly journals Estimation the Labor Force Replacement Demand in Ukraine, Caused by Its Outflow Due to the Age and Labor Migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Sarioglo ◽  
М. Yu. Ogay
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Total Labor ◽  
Stock Flow

The article describes an effective approach to the anticipation of the labor force demand caused by the need to it replace (the replacement demand). The emphasis is made on estimation the outflow of workforce due to the retirement and labor migration.  The importance of medium-term forecasting (for 10 years) of the labor force demand, caused by the need to replace the workers flowing out of the labor market as a whole and separate occupational or qualification groups in particular is justified in the Ukraine’s context. The data sources and methodological approaches to the anticipation of the replacement demand are highlighted. It is shown that the main source of data for the labor force replacement demand anticipation in Ukraine, like in many other countries, is the state labor force the sample survey. A serious problem for Ukraine is accounting of labor migration effects for the replacement demand, which is assessed by conducting ad hoc surveys. The main methods used in anticipation of the replacement demand are method of trend extrapolation, methods of pseudo-cohorts, and stock-flow modeling. These methods enable for assessing and accounting of not only the processes of outflow of the labor force due to the age, but also transitory processes reflected, inter alia, in changes of qualifications and/or professions by young people at the beginning of their carrier. A medium-term anticipation of the labor force demand in Ukraine, caused by outflow of the labor force due to the age and labor migration, is performed. It is shown that the replacement demand caused by outflow of the workers due to the age, accounts for a most significant part of the overall demand for workforce, making up in medium-term perspective nearly 13% of the total employment in 2017. The level of the demand has strong variations across occupational and qualification groups: in the occupational group “the simplest occupations”, the average annual demand caused by the outflow due to the age will be nearly 3.4% of the total employment. It is shown that the replacement demand in Ukraine by occupational group may substantially increase due to labor migration. Thus, the high replacement demand for workers in the simplest occupations is enhanced by the external labor migration of such workers, which share is nearly 42% of the total labor migrants. 

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF LABOR EMIGRATION FROM THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Adriana Grenčiková ◽  
Ilona Skačkauskienė ◽  
Jana Španková
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Population Composition ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Relationship

Migration is historically a social phenomenon that not only has a significant effect on politics, economics, and social aspects but also presents challenges to the security of states and alters population composition in countries. Labor migration and its investigation are becoming a society-wide phenomenon because of the labor force shortage as well as the aging population. The Slovak Republic is a country that faces the outflow of qualified workers abroad, and the country’s index of aging is one of the most dynamic in Europe. The current study aims at examining the relations and the reasons for emigration to work from the Slovak Republic. To identify the causes of labor emigration in the Slovak Republic, a survey was conducted to explore the decisions of people to emigrate for work, the duration of the stay abroad and the possibility of returning to Slovakia. This study also analyses the relationship between GDP growth and improvement of the economic situation in Slovakia, the number of labor emigrants, as well as the relationship between the minimum wage and the number of labor migrants.

scholarly journals ROLE AND PLACE OF EXTERNAL LABOR MIGRATION IN THE STRUCTURE OF FOREIGN LABOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
V.V. Komarovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cis Countries

The article is based on the study results of the role of labor migrants from the post-Soviet countries in meeting the needs of Russian households in different services. The aim of the work is to analyze the structure of national contingents and the specifics of the services provided by labor migrants from specific CIS countries. The author used statistical and sociological methods of data analysis and a comparative analysis of data from various statistical sources on the problems of labor migration in Russia. The empirical base of the study is the second sample survey in the Rosstat modern history “Results of sample statistical observation of migrant labor. 2019", and the comparison with official statistics. Along with the introduction of previously unused data from a large-scale study conducted by Rosstat into scientific circulation, the author reveals the specifics of the sectoral distribution of immigrants from nine post-Soviet countries. The author concludes that the significant concentration of labor migrants in a certain range of industries providing services to households (i.e., actually to the population) mainly includes construction and repairs, cleaning, various types of agricultural work and transport services. Employment in other sectors is less widespread, which largely correlates with the professional and qualification structure of labor migrants. National preferences for employment in certain sectors are also observed. The author analyses the features of hiring migrants both by households and by members of households as entrepreneurs. It was revealed that the latter attract a limited number of labor migrants, since they are, first of all, individual entrepreneurs representing small and microenterprises. The study results may be of further use to federal and regional executive bodies responsible for the development and implementation of state policy in the field of regulation of external labor migration flows, open up prospects for more reliable forecasting of the balance of supply and demand for foreign labor.

LABOR FORCE RECRUITMENT TO THE OECD AND MIDDLE EASTERN COUNTRIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN: TRENDS, MECHANISMS, CONSEQUENCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 096-111
Author(s):  
Sergey Ryazantsev ◽  
Abubakr Rakhmonov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
English Language ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Labor Migrant ◽  
Work Permit

The article examines the trends in labor migration from Tajikistan. Although Russia and Kazakhstan remain the main labor migration destinations for Tajiks, emigration from Tajikistan to OECD countries is becoming increasingly more noticeable. New Tajik communities are actively forming in the OECD countries, potentially becoming networks of attraction for new migrants in the near future. The forms of labor migrant recruitment in Tajikistan, including digital technologies, are examined. Despite Tajikistan’s attempts to regulate labor migration more actively on the basis of bilateral agreements with OECD countries, Russia still remains attractive for Tajik labor migrants. So far, Russia’s competitive advantages are the absence of a language barrier, the absence of the need to obtain a visa and work permit, a common mentality, and the prospects for obtaining citizenship. However, the rigidity of migration policy and the drop in wages in Russia are potential negative factors that will contribute to the reversal of some of the labor migrant flows from Tajikistan in favor of the OECD countries. Also, the active participation of intermediaries in migrant employment, as well as the OECD countries’ active policy that aims to attract labor migrants will lead to Russia’s loss of a significant part of Tajikistan’s migration potential. The possibility of reorientation of a part of labor emigrants to OECD countries is becoming feasible due to the widespread study of the English language in Tajikistan and the cutbacks in teaching the Russian language, the active development of private and state labor force recruiting systems.

Tajik Migrant Religious Poetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Tokhir S. Kalandarov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Religious Poetry ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Semantic Translation ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Political Songs

Today there are hundreds of papers published on the problem of labor migration from Central Asian countries, its political, social and economic aspects, as well as on the problem of integration and adaptation of migrants in the Russian society. However, the topic of migrant poetry is still poorly studied in Russia. At least there is no such research on Tajik labor migrants. The genres of Tajik migrant poetry vary significantly and include such forms as love poems, political songs, songs about migration hardships, religious poems. This paper is based on the results of monitoring social networks «Odnoklassniki», «Facebook», as well as on the results of personal communication and interviews with poets. In the paper we use the poems of three authors written in Tajik, Russian and Shugnani languages. The semantic translation from Tajik and Shugnani was done by the author of this paper

Labor Migration and Climate Change Adaptation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
JAMIE DRAPER
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Acceptable Alternative ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
The Normative Question ◽  
Do So

Social scientific evidence suggests that labor migration can increase resilience to climate change. For that reason, some have recently advocated using labor migration policy as a tool for climate adaptation. This paper engages with the normative question of whether, and under what conditions, states may permissibly use labor migration policy as a tool for climate adaptation. I argue that states may use labor migration policy as a tool for climate adaptation and may even have a duty to do so, subject to two moral constraints. First, states must also provide acceptable alternative options for adaptation so that the vulnerable are not forced to sacrifice their morally important interests in being able to remain where they are. Second, states may not impose restrictive terms on labor migrants to make accepting greater numbers less costly for themselves because doing so unfairly shifts the costs of adaptation onto the most vulnerable.

scholarly journals Effect of Unemployment Rate on Growth Rate of Gross Domestic Product of Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdalla Moh'd AL-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Total Labor Force ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Total Labor ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Yearly Data

This study explains the effect of unemployment rate on growth rate of GDP of Jordan by depending on yearly data for the period (2009 – 2016) as unemployment rate is independent variable, and growth rate of GDP (Avariable of economic growth) as a dependent variable. This study focuses on explaining the literature both in theoretical and empirical ways of the effect of unemployment rate on growth rate of GDP, and analyzing the effect of unemployment rate on growth rate of GDP of Jordan by depending on yearly data for the period (2009 – 2016) by using the technique of ordinary least squares in version of E-views. This paper found that there are insignificant impacts of unemployment percentage to total labor force, unemployment of males percentage to male labor force, unemployment of females percentage to female labor force on growth rate of GDP of Jordan by relying on yearly data for the period 2009 to 2016 at level of significance 5%. This paper recommends testing the impacts of other obstacles in Jordan on growth rate on GDP, in order to know the variables that effect growth rate of GDP in Jordan.

scholarly journals Methods of Ukrainian labor migrants reintegration in the context of state migration policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Liubomyr ROMAN
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The reintegration of migrant workers is the renewal and accelerated development of ties between the individual and the society, the economic and cultural systems, the restoration of the impact of the individual on socio-economic, socio-cultural and political processes and phenomena, increasing participation in the processes of sustainable development on the basis of introducing elements of economic culture countries of pre-migration. The methodological bases for improving the mechanisms of reintegration of labor migrants should be assessed on the basis of available political and legal support. The problem of labor migration has now taken on a national scale, which brings it out of the limits of the influence of any organization, cluster or individual state authority. The formulation of a strategy for regulating labor migration should be made on the basis of the status of this problem as a national one, therefore, requiring macroeconomic regulation, which will be supported by a strong institutional and regulatory framework. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of state migration policy. Results. Theoretical aspects of reintegration of labor migrants are covered. The content analysis of the legal acts of the President of Ukraine is carried out. A number of significant legal acts that have or can have a significant impact on state migration policy are characterized. The peculiarities of the functioning of the central executive body, which implements the state policy in the sphere of migration, and the recent changes in determining the range of subjects of formation and implementation of the state policy in the sphere of labor migration are analyzed. The importance of regulating the issue of investments earned during the emigration of funds into the national economy is substantiated. Conclusion. According to the conducted research, the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of the state migration policy is formed under the influence of debates about the factors, directions and forms of support of the respective processes by the state authorities. We believe that the main disadvantage of reintegration institutional support is the lack of a unified approach to the role and importance of repatriates for the sustainable development of the national economy. In our opinion, this approach should be consolidated in the form of the Law of Ukraine with a clear definition of the subjects of assistance to repatriation and reintegration of labor migrants, as well as to strengthen with additional measures of informational, organizational character, tax privileges for investing the money earned abroad for search, development of employers of skilled migrant workers returning to Ukraine.

SOUTH CAUCASIAN ETHNIC COMMUNITIES IN RUSSIA: SPECIFICS OF FORMATION AND ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION TO THEIR HOMELANDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 047-060
Author(s):  
Sergey Ryazantsev ◽  
Elena Pismennaya ◽  
Maria Apanovich ◽  
Dzerassa Dzusova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
The South ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Southern Caucasus

This study has been suggested by the huge importance of labor migration for the social and economic development of the South Caucasian post-Soviet space. Confronted with an unprecedented outflow of their citizens and acutely aware of the problems associated with migration of able-bodied population to other countries, Russia among them, these countries have arrived at a conclusion that their migration policies need reforms. The article analyzes the trends of labor migration from the South Caucasian countries to Russia and other equally popular destinations. The migration trends up to and including Russia’s regions with the maximum numbers of labor migrants from the Southern Caucasus and the structure of their employment by industry are also analyzed. The paper contains statistics on the amounts of remittances sent by labor migrants from Russia to their homelands and assesses their impact on the economies of corresponding states. The cultural and economic contacts between the diasporas and the countries of their origin suggested a comparative analysis of their emergence and development. We have identified the typical industries preferred by representatives of each of the South Caucasian states in Russia, and the documents required of migrants to be employed in Russia. Conclusions related to the specifics of influence and the role of the diasporas in the structure of their employment are contained in the final part of our article along with the identified patterns and trends of these processes. Today, the situation on the market is unbalanced when it comes to job availability and the positions of members of these diasporas. The situation will remain the same as long as diasporas preserve their influence and the migration flows, their proportions. We have identified the most attractive regions in terms of job availability, the spread of migrants from the Southern Caucasus across the regions of the Russian Federation and the rivalry between Azeris, Armenians, and Georgians for jobs in various employment spheres.

On the Move

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexia Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
State Power ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Structures Of Feeling

This chapter opens emphasizing how recent refugee flows into Turkey and Europe, as well as intensified policing of migrants and general isolationism in Europe and America, suggest an immediate future of global anti-migrant sentiment and immobility for labor migrants. The chapter traces key contributions of the book, specifically drawing attention to: historically inflected circuits of mobility and state power distinctly defining Eurasia under global capitalism; how structures of feeling established under socialism continue to shape the region; and gendered intimate practices as central to the experience of labor migration. Finally, the chapter argues that looking to migrants’ everyday lives, aspirations, and intimate practices provides a more humanized portrait of migrants that can contribute to bringing about political transformation addressing global inequalities.

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