scholarly journals Representation of the temporal code of the national linguistic culture in the naive (pre-scientific) worldview

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Alla Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Characteristic ◽  
Temporal Code ◽  
Temporal Semantics ◽  
Field Modelling ◽  
Temporal Group ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Word Origin ◽  
Scientific Worldview

Time is not only a form of matter existence, a fourth coordinate, but also a category of linguistic culture, a phenomenon of a specific conceptual worldview. The present study aims to examine the linguistic and worldview phenomena which have specific linguocultural features, in particular, the temporal code which reveals a system of beliefs about time characteristic for the speakers of the Ukrainian language. The article describes the results of the reconstruction of a temporal fragment from a pre-scientific worldview. The study is based on the semasiological procedure of field modelling as well as etymological, component and syntaxeme analyses. It relies on the knowledge about word origin in the temporal group as well as about phraseological units containing words with the central seme of time and vocabulary characterized by a temporal connotation. The article elucidates two key associative vectors which guide the cognition of the temporal, namely, «time – human» and «time – environment». It provides data which reflect naïve beliefs about physics and psychology of time, coded in the Ukrainian idioms. The author examines the syntaxemic functions within phraseologisms based on temporal vocabulary. The axiological peculiarities of verbal contexts producing temporal semantics have been investigated and their utilitarian, teleological, and emotional evaluations have been described. The article offers arguments in favour of systemic connections between the temporal code of linguistic culture with the biomorphic, the objective and the somatic. The author explains that the words of the temporal group reveal deep etymological associations related to the human and the environment. In some Ukrainian idioms, the vocabulary bulk with the central seme of time is related to beliefs about mythical creatures. Due to this, such vocabulary bulk within the structure of phraseologisms mainly performs the function of the subject of action and the locative. Verbal contexts in which this vocabulary with temporal connotation is employed generate primarily negative utilitarian, teleological, and emotional evaluations. The vocabulary bulk with the semantics of time has no material denotation, and the realization of the temporal code of linguistic culture is systematically linked to the biomorphic, the somatic and the substantive.

scholarly journals THE USE OF PRACTICAL METHODS IN THE STUDY OF THE SUBJECT “NATURAL SCIENCE PICTURE OF THE WORLD” BY HUMANITIES STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Зоя Алексеевна Скрипко
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Humanities Students ◽  
Scientific Worldview ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
The Relationship

Обсуждается значение предмета «Естественно-научная картина мира» для студентов гуманитарных факультетов, основной задачей которого является формирование естественно-научного мировоззрения. Приводятся наиболее эффективные и научно обоснованные практические методы и подходы, дополняющие лекционный курс и повышающие степень самостоятельной работы студентов-гуманитариев. Использование предложенных методов позволяет определить степень сформированности общекультурных компетенций у студентов. Учитывая гуманитарную направленность студентов, можно предположить, что одним из эффективных методов практических самостоятельных работ является структурирование изучаемого материала путем составления интегративных таблиц, в которых систематизированы естественно-научные знания по определенным разделам, соответствующим изучаемому материалу. Одновременно с этим приводятся наиболее известные культурно-исторические события, относящиеся к данному периоду времени. Использование интегративных таблиц помогает формировать мировоззрение, основанное на понимании связей между природой, человеком, его идеями и развитием человеческой цивилизации. Обращается внимание на специфику лабораторных работ для студентов-гуманитариев. The importance of the subject “Natural Science Picture of the World” is discussed for students of humanitarian faculties, the main task of which is the formation of a natural science worldview. Given the psychophysiological characteristics of humanities students, practical training methods are proposed for the successful formation of a scientific worldview. The most effective and scientifically based practical methods and approaches are given that complement the lecture course and increase the degree of students’ independent work. Using the proposed methods allows us to determine the degree of formation of general cultural competencies among students. Given the humanitarian orientation of students, it can be assumed that one of the effective methods of practical independent work is the structuring of the material studied by compiling integrative tables. Turning to integrative tables, which systematize natural science knowledge in certain sections corresponding to the material being studied, at the same time, the most famous cultural and historical events related to this period of time are given, students have an increase in the relationship between objects, complex systemic laws occur in the process of integrating knowledge. The use of integrative tables helps to form a worldview based on an understanding of the connections between nature, man, his ideas and the development of human civilization. Also, attention is paid to the specifics of laboratory work for humanities students.

scholarly journals Methodology of projective thinking in the teaching of N. F. Fedorov

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
O.D. Masloboeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Moral Regulation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Global Projects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Philosophical Project ◽  
Scientific Worldview ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the methodological aspect of the philosophy of the «Common cause» of the founder of Russian cosmism. First of all, the author reveals the historical prerequisites for the reflexivity of the projective nature of human activity, achieved through the synergy of the philosophical and scientific worldview, which is expressed in the paradigmatic functioning of culture. It is shown that as social practice became more complex, there was a deepening of awareness of human nature and its activities in the context of philosophical anthropology. The key moments in the development of human thought in the indicated direction are analyzed: Socratic and Kantian revolutions in culture. It is proved that N. F. Fedorov makes another revolution, removing the Kantian dualism of the subjective and objective and thus satisfying the urgent need to realize the attribution of the projective nature of human activity, which organically combines the theoretical and practical sides of social development. It is proved that at the same time Fedorov reproduces the Socratic revolution on a qualitatively new level, rooting after Socrates the moral regulation of «the sons of men « in the Foundation of being. The influence of Russian thought on the birth of the philosophy of «Common cause» is noted. The content of the Fedorov project is investigated: its subject and object, its goal in itself and the conditions for implementation. At the same time, the core of the theoretical justification of the project is revealed. It consists in the recognition of the transformation of the contemplative type of worldview into an active one, which leads to the formulation of the problem of freedom in the context of the relationship between subjective and objective factors in order to understand what depends and what does not depend on the subject of the project in realizing the goal. It is concluded that the theoretical depth and methodological validity of the Fedorov project consists in revealing the dialectics of the essence and phenomenon, i.e. in justifying the need to replace «the question of universal enrichment with the question of universal return of life». The goal of the comparative analysis of global projects is to reflexive the criterion of a truly philosophical project, which consists in the synergy of methodological optimality and worldview sense.

Words

PMLA ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1320-1327
Author(s):  
Colbert Searles
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
The Subject

THE germ of that which follows came into being many years ago in the days of my youth as a university instructor and assistant professor. It was generated by the then quite outspoken attitude of colleagues in the “exact sciences”; the sciences of which the subject-matter can be exactly weighed and measured and the force of its movements mathematically demonstrated. They assured us that the study of languages and literature had little or nothing scientific about it because: “It had no domain of concrete fact in which to work.” Ergo, the scientific spirit was theirs by a stroke of “efficacious grace” as it were. Ours was at best only a kind of “sufficient grace,” pleasant and even necessary to have, but which could, by no means ensure a reception among the elected.

Artificial satellite orbit computations

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
P. Sconzo
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Artificial Satellites ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Differential Correction ◽  
Gravitational Effects ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Introductory Discussion ◽  
Orbit Computation

In this paper an orbit computation program for artificial satellites is presented. This program is operational and it has already been used to compute the orbits of several satellites.After an introductory discussion on the subject of artificial satellite orbit computations, the features of this program are thoroughly explained. In order to achieve the representation of the orbital elements over short intervals of time a drag-free perturbation theory coupled with a differential correction procedure is used, while the long range behavior is obtained empirically. The empirical treatment of the non-gravitational effects upon the satellite motion seems to be very satisfactory. Numerical analysis procedures supporting this treatment and experience gained in using our program are also objects of discussion.

C. Wire Cabling for Telescope Systems

1966 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Keyword(s):  
The Subject ◽  
Data Multiplexing

Rule: I'd like at this point to bring up the subject of cables and wireways around the telescope. We've touched upon this twice during previous sessions: the cable wrap up problem, the communications problem, and data multiplexing problem. I think we'll ask Bill Baustian if he will give us a brief run down on what the electrical run problems are, besides doubling the system every year.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Direct Observations of the Epitaxial Growth of Sputtered Ag on Si

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 122-123
Author(s):  
J. S. Maa ◽  
Thos. E. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
In Situ Electron Microscopy ◽  
Beam Sputtering ◽  
The Subject

The growth of Ag films deposited on various substrate materials such as MoS2, mica, graphite, and MgO has been investigated extensively using the in situ electron microscopy technique. The three stages of film growth, namely, the nucleation, growth of islands followed by liquid-like coalescence have been observed in both the vacuum vapor deposited and ion beam sputtered thin films. The mechanisms of nucleation and growth of silver films formed by ion beam sputtering on the (111) plane of silicon comprise the subject of this paper. A novel mode of epitaxial growth is observed to that seen previously.The experimental arrangement for the present study is the same as previous experiments, and the preparation procedure for obtaining thin silicon substrate is presented in a separate paper.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Materials for Electron Beam Information Storage

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 152-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Speliotis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The interaction of electron beams with a large variety of materials for information storage has been the subject of numerous proposals and studies in the recent literature. The materials range from photographic to thermoplastic and magnetic, and the interactions with the electron beam for writing and reading the information utilize the energy, or the current, or even the magnetic field associated with the electron beam.

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