scholarly journals Name Brands and Symbols Used Organic Products in the European Union and in Hungary

2004 ◽  
pp. 174-180
Author(s):  
Attila Szép
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Realistic Assumption ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
The Eu

In 2002, the area which was monitored according to the requirements of organic farming numbered 103 thousand hectares in Hungary (this is some 1.7% of all cultivated land) and almost 1000 plants producing organic products were inspected. It is a realistic assumption, when considering these data, that within a short period time the area used for organic farming will reach the optimal 600.000 hectares.Contrary to overproduction in the EU – cereals, maize and other plants – organic products can be sold in unlimited quantities. Practice also indicates, that 90% of Hungarian certified organic products are sold in EU and Swiss markets.Thus, it is important to label Hungarian products according to EU standards. This way standard quality products can be sold easier and by increasing their income, manufacturers can contribute to the improvement of the environment.

Disparity in the structure of certified organic farms in the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
Lidia Luty
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
The Eu

The main objective of this article is to present the differences in the structures of certified organic farms in the European Union (EU) countries within 2005—2013, using dynamic and spatial approach. The method of vectors elimination was used in a study. The analysis showed that changes in the structure of organic farms in the EU countries were not always reflected in the structure of their areas. More significant changes occurred in the structure of farm number, in particular with regard to the countries which joined the European Union in 2004. In 2013 it was possible to distinguish five groups of EU countries that are similar to each other in terms of structure of number and six — in terms of the structure of area. In the majority of EU countries, organic farms covered the area over 10,0 ha.

scholarly journals STRATEGIES FOR INTRODUCTION OF DOMESTIC ORGANIC PRODUCERS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Novуtska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Export Strategy ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The Eu

This article discusses the main strategies for companies to enter international markets, namely the strategy of joint production, export and intermediation. The advantages of the export strategy over the strategies of joint production and mediation in entering the foreign market are determined. Features of three derivative export strategies are outlined. The state of the market of organic products in Ukraine and prospects of its development are analyzed. As of December 31, 2020 in Ukraine, the total area of certified agricultural land used for organic production increased by 13.8% compared to 2016, and the number of operators in 2020 increased by 48.75% compared to 2016. These indicators indicate an increase in agricultural land in preparation for growing organic products. However, the growth rate of the number of operators of organic products is more rapid, only in 2020 their number increased by 17% compared to the previous year, and almost doubled compared to 2016. The export potential of domestic organic products is formed and the list of countries consuming organic products In the domestic market in 2020, 7,850 tons of organic products of domestic production worth $ 25.1 million were sold. USA. Prospects for export development are much higher. The fact is that demand in the "organic" sector in the world is growing faster than the increase in the area of land. For example, the European Union for this reason imports up to 50% of organic products, which in monetary terms is about 20 billion dollars. USA. In 2020, Ukraine sold 232.4 thousand tons of organic products worth about $ 204 million. USD, which is 147 million dollars. USA more than in 2016. Ukraine is among the top 5 importers of organic products in the European Union, with its share of 7.8%, while the main importers are the Netherlands – 31%, Germany – 18%, Belgium – 11% and France – 8%. Traditionally, grain (except wheat and rice), oilseeds, soybeans, honey and other organic products are the most exported from Ukraine to the EU countries, accounting for 73% of the total volume of exported organic products. Based on the analysis, it is proposed to use the strategy of joint export as an option to enter the foreign market for producers of organic products that have recently been engaged in the production and promotion of these products.

European Union policy-making towards Mercosur

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arantza Gomez Arana
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
Internal System ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) is not a state and is not a traditional International Organization. It is common to characterize it as a hybrid system with a federal component. Since nothing comparable to this exists at this point, understanding the internal system of the EU is crucial. In addition to outlining the internal policy-making of the EU, it is also important to understand the internal system of the Mercosur, particularly given that the Mercosur has tried to replicate the institutional design of the EU. Since its creation in 1957 with the Treaty of Rome, the EU has changed dramatically in a variety of ways in a short period of time. The discussion will examine these changes in relation to the period between 1985 and 2007. In addition to analysing the changes in policy-making over this period of the time it is also important to note that the number of EU member states has quadruplicated since it was created in 1957. It could be argued that this has resulted in a decline in the amount of power held by each individual member state. In 1986 Spain and, to a lesser extent, Portugal brought a Mediterranean influence into EU politics. This was later balanced out by further enlargement in 1995 which saw Austria, Finland and Sweden joining the EU. However, the single largest enlargement in the history of the EU took place in 2004 when 10 Central and Eastern Europe countries became EU members. Prior to 2004, this issue was the main focus of the EU external relations since 1989 until it came into effect in 2004. The end of the Cold War and the breakup of the Soviet Union into several independent republics absorbed EU external relations to the point that it had an effect on other external relations, including external relations with Latin America. The enlargement of the EU in 2007 is not discussed in any detail here because it did not have an impact on the EU policy towards Mercosur.

scholarly journals Short-period evolution in EU legal texts: old and new terms, old and new concepts

Linguistica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Peruzzo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Time Span ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Legal Texts ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Conceptual Evolution ◽  
The Eu

Due to the ever-changing legal landscape of the European Union, the terminology used in EU documents is subject to constant formal and conceptual evolution. In this paper, a bilingual (Italian and English) corpus of equally authentic EU legal texts covering a time span of fifteen years (1998-2012) and concerning the legal area of victims of crime is analysed from a diachronic perspective. The aim is to discuss the terminological changes observed in the corpus in the light of the classification of evolution phenomena proposed by Tartier (2003) and Picton (2011). In order to examine both formal and conceptual terminological evolution, the distinction between genotypes and phenotypes introduced by Sacco (1991) is applied to the terms identified in the corpus and the underlying concepts. The analysis of the EU corpus shows that the three categories proposed by Tartier (appearance, disappearance and stability) and the first three (novelty and obsolescence, implantation of terms and concepts, and centrality) of the four categories proposed by Picton for the terminology of space technologies also apply to the terms of the examined legal area.

scholarly journals Consumers’ Attitude and Intention towards Organic Fruits and Vegetables: Empirical Study on Romanian Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9440
Author(s):  
Violeta Radulescu ◽  
Iuliana Cetina ◽  
Anca Francisca Cruceru ◽  
Dumitru Goldbach
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Nutritional Compounds

Organic farming is one of the fastest growing sectors, both in developed and developing countries. Although Romania is in sixth place at the level of the European Union in terms of agricultural area, the share of ecologically certified areas is low. The fruits and vegetables sector is the most important for the agri-food production in Romania, accounting for 58% of the total cultivated area. In recent years, there is a tendency for consumers to focus on healthy diets with safe, high quality foods and high nutritional compounds from unpolluted areas. However, the Romanian market of organic fruits and vegetables is still underdeveloped due to the small number of consumers of organic products. The future of organic farming is largely dependent on attitude and consumer demand. The purpose of this paper is to study the attitudes and intentions of Romanian consumers towards the consumption of organic fruits and vegetables through direct research among 268 individuals. The results show that the attitudes of individuals towards the consumption of organic fruits and vegetables is directly and positively influenced by the information that individuals have about the characteristics of organic products, their personal needs and motivations, but also by external influences, and the purchase barriers do not represent elements with a strong enough influence on the attitude and intention.

scholarly journals Органічне землеробство як фактор євроінтеграції України

2013 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
О. Б. Кузьменко
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Обґрунтовано необхідність розвитку органічного землеробства в Україні як умови зростання експо-рту аграрної продукції в Європейський Союз, що одночасно забезпечує збереження і відтворення якісних характеристик земельних ресурсів. Дове-дено, що тенденції попиту на органічну продукцію в Європейському Союзі та наявні якісні й екологіч-но чисті земельні ресурси в Україні створюють передумови для активізації органічного виробниц-тва і відповідного експорту. Визначено проблеми, що стримують впровадження даної системи землеробства, та пропозиції щодо їх розв’язання. The necessity of the development of organic farming in Ukraine, as a condition of growth of exports of agricultural products to the European Union was grounded. That at the same time ensures the preservation and reproduction of the qualitative characteristics of land resources. It is proved that the trend of demand for organic products in the European Union and the available high-quality and environmentally friendly land resources in Ukraine create the preconditions for enhancing organic production and corresponding exports. The problems hindering the implementation of the farming system and proposals for their solution were defined.

scholarly journals EU SECURITY & DEFENSE POLICY: THE EVOLUTION OF FORMATION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Defense Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Security ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Foreign And Security Policy ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Common Security

The task of building an effective security architecture facing the European Union is extremely important in that the approach to its solution will determine the nature of the relations between the countries in the region in the future. An analysis of the processes of building a common security and defense policy (EUSR) of the EU is impossible without addressing the interrelated problems: security in the EU with the European Union's place in the Euro-Atlantic processes and in the world at large. The development of the SPBO has a significant impact on all countries of Central and Eastern Europe, including Ukraine, which explains the relevance of its further study by national science. Until the scientific and legal literature has addressed the issue of forming and developing a common security and defense policy in the EU. In many ways, this is explained by the relatively short period of existence of the ESDC as a phenomenon, with the result that, in most cases, the study focused on considering the formation, rather than the functioning, of the ESDC mechanisms designed to prepare the EU component for further work. First of all, we are referring to studies on various aspects of the history and current activities of the European Union. In addition, the authors analyze the common issues of European security: from the problems of building security models for Europe to issues related to the activities of European regional military-political organizations on the security and interaction of European and US countries in the field of the common security and defense policy of the EU. Other authors have considered some aspects in the process of becoming an EU Security Council. However, the existing work does not allow for a holistic picture of the process of forming and developing a common foreign and security policy of the EU, in turn, the continued development of a common foreign and security policy of the EU necessitates the development of new aspects of identified issues and generalizations. In this article, the author focuses on highlighting the main stages of the EUSF formation and its importance for the effective functioning of the EU as a whole. There are four main stages in the development of the common security and defense policy: the first stage (1992-1997) is the signing of the Maastricht and Amsterdam Treaties; the second stage (1998-2002), when the EU declared its intention to form an ESDP in Saint-Malo (1998), as well as the decisions taken at the Cologne, Helsinki, Nice, Lachen summits; the third stage (since 2003), the Berlin Plus agreement was reached (March 2003). The Council of Europe adopted the first European Security Strategy (December 2003); and the final stage began with the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty on 1 December 2009. Within this framework, the European Union is trying to adequately respond to some of the new challenges that emerge in the process of globalization, shaping European identity.

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

Ensuring sustainable foreign economic relations of countries at the forefront and outskirts of the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1980-1996
Author(s):  
T.S. Malakhova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Bloc ◽  
The Eu

Subject. Foreign economic and trade ties among countries are getting tighter and less predictable in the early 21st century. This directly stems from a growing disparity of partners, especially if it goes about their future cooperation as part of integration groups or international organizations. Communities of experts suggest using various approaches to locally adjusting integration phases, especially implementing the two-speed integration in the European Union. Objectives. The study is an attempt to examine an improvement of foreign economic cooperation and suggest its implementation steps for the European Union. This all is due to considerable inner controversies and problems within the EU, which grow more serious year by year. Methods. The methodological framework comprises the historical logic, dialectical principles, scientific abstraction method. The process and system approach was especially important for justifying the implementation of the above steps. It was used to examine foreign economic relations of partners in the European Union. Results. The article sets forth the theoretical and methodological framework for the geostrategic economic bloc, including a conceptual structure model. I present steps to implement a foreign economic cooperation of partners in the EU in terms of its form. Conclusions and Relevance. Should the form of the foreign economic relations among the EU countries be implemented, counties at the periphery of the EU will be able to become active parties to the integration group.

European experience in transition to circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Ratner
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
European Experience ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Eu

Subject. The article considers the concept of circular economy, which has originated relatively recently in the academic literature, and is now increasingly recognized in many countries at the national level. In the European Union, the transition to circular economy is viewed as an opportunity to improve competitiveness of the European Union, protect businesses from resource shortages and fluctuating prices for raw materials and supplies, and a way to increase employment and innovation. Objectives. The aim of the study is to analyze the incentives developed by the European Commission for moving to circular economy, and to assess their effectiveness on the basis of statistical analysis. Methods. I employ general scientific methods of research. Results. The analysis of the EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy enabled to conclude that the results of the recent research in circular economy barriers, eco-innovation, technology and infrastructure were successfully integrated into the framework of this document. Understanding the root causes holding back the circular economy development and the balanced combination of economic and administrative incentives strengthened the Action Plan, and it contributed to the circular economy development in the EU. Conclusions. The measures to stimulate the development of the circular economy proposed in the European Action Plan can be viewed as a prototype for designing similar strategies in other countries, including Russia. Meanwhile, a more detailed analysis of barriers to the circular economy at the level of individual countries and regions is needed.

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