Effect of RaCe, ProTaper, and V-Taper rotary systems on dentinal crack formation during endodontic treatment: An in vitro study

Background. Prevention of dentinal crack formation is of utmost importance in endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RaCe, ProTaper, and V-Taper rotary systems on dentinal crack formation in three root regions during endodontic treatment. Methods. Seventy human mandibular first molars were selected randomly, and their distal roots were used. Ten samples were assigned to the control group, and sixty samples were assigned to three groups (n=20). Each group was prepared with RaCe, ProTaper, or V-Taper rotary files according to the manufacturers’ instructions. A stereomicroscope was used to view cracks at ×40 magnification. Friedman’s, chi-squared, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis of data (P<0.05). Results. A comparison of the three rotary systems did not reveal any significant differences in the number of cracks between the three root thirds evaluated (P>0.05). A comparison of the number of cracks in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds in each rotary system showed that the number of cracks in the middle third was fewer than that in the two other thirds only in the V-Taper group (P<0.05), with no significant differences in the ProTaper and RaCe groups between the different root regions (P>0.05). Conclusion. The application of RaCe, ProTaper, and V-Taper rotary files resulted in a similar rate of crack formation in endodontic treatment. V-Taper files created the minimum number of cracks in the middle third.

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Milled versus moulded mock-ups based on the superimposition of 3D meshes from digital oral impressions: a comparative in vitro study in the aesthetic area

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0922-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Francesca Cattoni ◽

Giulia Teté ◽

Alessandro Mauro Calloni ◽

Fabio Manazza ◽

Giorgio Gastaldi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Test Group ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

Digital Impression ◽

Control Group ◽

Minimal Invasiveness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Aesthetic

Abstract Background Aesthetic porcelain veneers proved to be a long-term reliable prosthetic solution, ensuring minimal invasiveness. The use of veneers requires an adhesive cementation technique, so maintaining as much enamel as possible is to ensure lasting success. A diagnostic mock-up is a key tool that allows a preview of the outcome of the aesthetic restoration: it is obtainable both in an analog and digital way. With the recent developments in impression technology and the ever so fast growing use of CAD-CAM technologies it is useful to understand the pros and cons of either one of these techniques (analog and digital) in order to identify the easier and more convenient workflow in aesthetic dentistry. Methods After taking pictures and impressions of the dental arcs of a patient in need of aesthetic rehabilitation, 52 resin models were produced and a digital drawing of the smile was outlined. Both an analog and a digital wax-up were obtained from two of the 52 models: the latter was obtained using digital impressions and a dedicated software. The analog wax-up was then used to produce 25 matrices that have later been used to mould 25 resin mock-ups using a traditional moulding protocol (Control Group - CG). The digital wax-up was used to mill 25 PMMA mock-ups. Each mock-up, both milled and moulded (total 50), was then laid on the other 50 resin models as a digital impression of it was taken. The STL. files of the milled mock-ups were compared with the 3D CAD wax-up made using a specific software. The STL. files of the analog printed mock-ups were compared with the traditional wax-up design. A statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the difference between the groups. Results The statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P > 0.01) between the mean value of the distance between the points of the overlapping STL. meshes in GC (0.0468 mm) and in TG (Test Group - TG) (0,0109 mm). Conclusions The study showed a difference in accuracy between traditional moulded and milled mock-ups compared to their original wax-up. The data analysis reports that the digital method allows for greater accuracy. Within the limitations of this study, a fully digital workflow is to considered more reliable when it come to creating an esthetic mockup: the digital procedure has been shown to be more accurate than the one made manually which is much more operator dependent and it brings an increase to the chance of error, and that could ultimately affect the final result.

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AKTIVITAS KONTRASEPSI DAN INTERSEPSI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN BENALU Dendrophthoe petandra L PADA MENCIT

Journal of Biological Researches ◽

10.23869/bphjbr.5.2.20002 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

G N Astika

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Serum Level ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Virgin Female ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Flavonol Glycoside ◽

Control Group ◽

Sperm Penetration ◽

Cytochrome P 450

It had been reported that leaf of Dendrophthoe petandra contained a flavonol glycoside of which quercetion was its aglycone. In-vitro study in the activity of quercetin indicated that quercetin inhibited the activity of sperm hyaluronidase. So it meant quercetin inhibited sperm penetration into cumulus. Other study proved that quercetin inhibited the activity of cytochrome P-450 III A 4 enzyme which catalyzed the reversible hydroxylation of estradiol-17 into estrone and futher into estriol. The elevation of estradiol serum level disturbed gamete and zygote transport in oviduct causing premature expulsion of zygote into uterus. This research was designed to provide information about the anti-fertility activity of methanolic extract of leaf of Dendrophthoe petandra, focused on its contraceptive and interceptive activity. Virgin female Balc-C mice were used as the test animals. Each study had two group of mice which were treated with 150 mg/30 g and 200 mg/30 g extract respectively. Control group were treated with respective vehicle at 1 ml/30 g. statistical analysis of data (p less than 0.05) concluded that the extract had contraceptive and interceptive activity. According to the criterion given by Lee andChi (1985), this methanolic extract had a priority for further study.

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A influência de diferentes cimentos de obturação de canal na infiltração apical

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre ◽

10.22456/2177-0018.111090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 24-26

Author(s):

Elaine Vianna Freitas Fachin ◽

Marilia Nedel Sperb ◽

Tereza Maria Prietsch Kohler

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Canal Sealer ◽

Dye Penetration ◽

Root Canal Sealers ◽

Clearing Method ◽

Lower Incisors

It is an "in vitro" study to evaluate the sealing ability of 3 root canal sealers using a dye leakage/clearing method. 40 lower incisors were instrumented by the step-back technique and divided into 4 groups. The teeth were filled with lateral condensation of guta-percha varying the root canal sealer. Fill Canal, Sealer 26, N-Rickert were tested and compared to the control group in which guttapercha cones with no seater were used. Linear dye penetration was measured after demineralizatÎon and clearing. Statistical analysÏs showed significant differences among the groups. The lowest leakage values were found in the Fill Canal group followed by the N-Rickert and the Sealer 26 groups.

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Reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading: The effects of sealant agents and the taper of conical connections

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00228 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Arda Ozdiler ◽

suleyman dayan ◽

Burc Gencel ◽

Gulbahar Isık-Ozkol

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Loading ◽

Antibacterial Agent ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Silicone Sealant ◽

Reverse Torque ◽

The Stability ◽

Torque Values ◽

Chlorhexidine Gel

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of taper angles on the internal conical connections of implant systems and of the application of chlorhexidine gel as an antibacterial agent or a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) sealant on the reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading. The current study tested four implant systems with different taper angles (5.4°, 12°, 45°, and 60°). Specimens were divided into three groups: control (neither chlorhexidine gel filled nor silicone sealed), 2% chlorhexidine gel-filled or silicone-sealed group, and group subjected to a dynamic load of 50 N at 1 Hz for 500,000 cycles prior to reverse torque measurements. Quantitative positive correlation was observed between the taper angle degree and the percentage of tightening torque loss. However, this correlation was significant only for the 60° connection groups except in the group in which a sealant was applied ( p = 0.013 for the control group, p = 0.007 for the chlorhexidine group). Percentages of decrease in the torque values of the specimens with silicone sealant application were significantly higher compared with both the control and chlorhexidine groups ( p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively, according to the increasing taper angles); the percentage of decrease in torque values due to chlorhexidine application was statistically insignificant when compared with the control group. The application of gel-form chlorhexidine as an antibacterial agent does not significantly affect the stability of the implant–abutment connection under dynamic loads. PVS sealants may cause screw loosening under functional loads.

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Comparative Study to Evaluate the Surface Detail Reproduction of Dental Stone after Immersion in Various Different Disinfectant Solutions, Under Stereomicroscope 10 X Magnification –An In-Vitro Study

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.25258/ijpcr.v9i3.8316 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Rathika Rai ◽

M. A. Easwaran ◽

K. T. Dhivya

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Immersion Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Surface Irregularities ◽

Disinfectant Solution ◽

Surface Detail ◽

Group B

Aim: To evaluate the surface detail reproduction of dental stone this is immersed in different disinfectant solution and studied under stereomicroscope. Methodology: Total number of 30 specimens of dental stone (Type III) were made with measurements of 1.5cm diameter and 1cm height .This samples are divided in to 3 groups group A,B,C. were A is immersed in Distilled water which was taken as control group ;B is immersed in 2% Glutaraldehyde and C is immersed in 5%sodium hypochlorite. Each specimen were immersed in the disinfectant solution for 15 minutes and dried under room temperature for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs each specimens are studied under stereomicroscope for surface details. Result: The results showed no significant difference in the surface irregularities and porosities for a group 1 and group 2 except group 3 which showed significant increase in the porosities, surface irregularities and erosions after disinfection with 5% NaHOCl by immersion method. Conclusion: The surface detail reproduction capacity of die stone was adversely affected when 5% Sodium hypochlorite was used as disinfectant solution when compare d to control group and 2% Glutaraldehyde

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Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation of Stem Cells From Various Dental Sources: An In Vitro Study

Journal of Advanced Oral Research ◽

10.1177/23202068211010768 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 232020682110107

Author(s):

Sandeep S. Katti ◽

Kishore Bhat ◽

Chetana Bogar

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Growth Factors ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Culture Media ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Central Research ◽

Cell Lineages ◽

Apical Papilla

Aim: The aim of the current study was to isolate stem cells from various dental sources such as dental pulp, periodontal ligament (PDL), and apical papilla, and to characterize stem cells by staining for the presence/absence of specific surface markers and also to differentiate stem cells into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cell lineages by exposing them to specific growth factors under the ideal conditions. Materials and Methods: A total of 117 samples were included in the study, consisting of 30 pulp, 50 gingival, 35 PDL, and 2 apical papilla samples. The pulp was extirpated and transported to the Central Research Laboratory. Gingival connective tissue was collected from the participants undergoing any crown lengthening procedure or any gingivectomy procedure from the Department of Periodontology. A similar procedure was also followed for apical papilla and PDL. Isolation was done followed by the identification of the cells by immunocytochemistry using different markers. Once the identity of cells was confirmed, these cells were treated with different culture media to attain 70% to 100% confluency. Then the medium was replaced with a conditioning medium containing specific growth factors for differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cell lineages. Result: In our study, the number of samples collected and processed was 117. The isolation rate of stem cells from the above-collected samples was 70%. Statistical analysis—no statistical analysis was done as there was no variability expected. Conclusion: Our study showed that stem cells could be isolated, differentiated, and characterized from different dental sources.

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Pomegranate Peel Extract Is a Potential Alternative Therapeutic for Giardiasis

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10060705 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 705

Author(s):

Asmaa M. El-Kady ◽

Iman A. M. Abdel-Rahman ◽

Samer S. Fouad ◽

Khaled S. Allemailem ◽

Taghrid Istivan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diarrheal Disease ◽

Apoptotic Cell ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Pomegranate Peel ◽

Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽

Multiple Drugs ◽

Peel Extract

Giardiasis is a major diarrheal disease affecting approximately 2.5 million children annually in developing countries. Several studies have reported the resistance of Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) to multiple drugs. Therefore, identifying an effective drug for giardiasis is a necessity. This study examined the antiparasitic effect of Punica granatum (pomegranate) and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in rats infected with G. lamblia. In vitro study showed high efficacy of pomegranate peel ethanolic extract in killing G. lamblia cysts as demonstrated by eosin vital staining. We showed that treating infected rats with pomegranate extract resulted in a marked reduction in the mean number of G. lamblia cysts and trophozoites in feces and intestine respectively. Interestingly, the number of G. lamblia trophozoites and cysts were significantly lower in the pomegranate extract-treated group compared to the metronidazole-positive control group. Moreover, pomegranate extract treatment significantly induced nitric oxide (NO) and reduced serum IL-6 and TNF-α, compared to infected untreated rats. Histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the jejunum and duodenum of pomegranate extract-treated animals confirmed the antiparasitic effect of the extract, and demonstrated the restoration of villi structure with reduction of villi atrophy, decreased infiltration of lymphocytes, and protection of intestinal cells from apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, our data show that the pomegranate peel extract is effective in controlling G. lamblia infections, which suggests that it could be a viable treatment option for giardiasis.

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Potential of different fluoride gels to prevent erosive tooth wear caused by gastroesophageal reflux

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01548-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Philipp Körner ◽

Luca Georgis ◽

Daniel B. Wiedemeier ◽

Thomas Attin ◽

Florian J. Wegehaupt

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Tooth Wear ◽

Control Group ◽

Erosive Tooth Wear ◽

Custom Made ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Bovine Enamel

Abstract Background This in-vitro-study aimed to evaluate the potential of different fluoride gels to prevent gastroesophageal reflux induced erosive tooth wear. Methods Surface baseline profiles of a total of 50 bovine enamel specimens [randomly assigned to five groups (G1–5)] were recorded. All specimens were positioned in a custom made artificial oral cavity and perfused with artificial saliva (0.5 ml/min). Reflux was simulated 11 times a day during 12 h by adding HCl (pH 3.0) for 30 s (flow rate 2 ml/min). During the remaining 12 h (overnight), specimens were stored in artificial saliva and brushed twice a day (morning and evening) with a toothbrush and toothpaste slurry (15 brushing strokes). While specimens in the control group (G1) did not receive any further treatment, specimens in G2–5 were coated with different fluoride gels [Elmex Gelée (G2); Paro Amin Fluor Gelée (G3); Paro Fluor Gelée Natriumfluorid (G4); Sensodyne ProSchmelz Fluorid Gelée (G5)] in the evening for 30 s. After 20 days, surface profiles were recorded again and enamel loss was determined by comparing them with the baseline profiles. The results were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey`s HSD post-hoc test. Results The overall highest mean wear of enamel (9.88 ± 1.73 µm) was observed in the control group (G1), where no fluoride gel was applied. It was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. G2 (5.03 ± 1.43 µm), G3 (5.47 ± 0.63 µm, p = 0.918) and G4 (5.14 ± 0.82 µm, p > 0.999) showed the overall best protection from hydrochloric acid induced erosion. Enamel wear in G5 (6.64 ± 0.86 µm) was significantly higher compared to G2 (p = 0.028) and G4 (p = 0.047). Conclusions After 20 days of daily application, all investigated fluoride gels are able to significantly reduce gastroesophageal reflux induced loss of enamel.

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Time Efficiency of Digitally and Conventionally Produced Single-Unit Restorations

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj9060062 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Sofia Stromeyer ◽

Daniel Wiedemeier ◽

Albert Mehl ◽

Andreas Ender

Keyword(s):

Single Unit ◽

Operating Time ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Working Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Similar Amount ◽

Scan Design ◽

Time Efficiency ◽

Dental Professional

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the time efficiency of digital chairside and labside workflows with a conventional workflow for single-unit restorations. The time efficiency in this specific sense was defined as the time, which has to be spent in a dental office by a dental professional performing the relevant steps. A model with interchangeable teeth on position 36 was created. These teeth were differently prepared, responding to several clinical situations to perform single-unit restorations. Different manufacturing techniques were used: For the digital workflows, CEREC Omnicam (CER) and Trios 3 (TN/TI) were used. The conventional workflow, using a dual-arch tray impression technique, served as the control group. For the labside workflow (_L) and the conventional impression procedure (CO), the time necessary for the impressions and temporary restorations was recorded and served as operating time. The chairside workflow time was divided by the time for the entire workflow (_C) including scan, design, milling and finishing the milled restoration, and in the actual working time (_CW) leaving out the chairside milling of the restoration. Labside workflow time ranged from 9 min 27 s (CER_L) to 12 min 41 s (TI_L). Entire chairside time ranged from 43 min 35 s (CER_C) to 58 min 43 s (TI_C). Pure chairside working time ranged from 15 min 21 s (CER_CW) to 23 min 17 s (TI_CW). Conventional workflow time was 10 min 39 s (CO) on average. The digital labside workflow and the conventional workflow require a similar amount of time. The digital chairside workflow is more time consuming.

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In vitro study of human osteoblast proliferation and morphology on orthodontic mini-implants

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/100714-717.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (6) ◽

pp. 920-926 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ricardo Carvalho Bueno ◽

Roberta Tarkany Basting

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Control Group ◽

Osteoblast Proliferation ◽

Mini Implants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Implant Anchorage ◽

Positive Effect

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the proliferation and morphology of human osteoblasts cultured on two brands of mini-implants after 24, 48, and 72 hours, in addition to the chemical composition found on their surface. Materials and Methods: Two brands of mini-implant (Morelli and Neodent) were evaluated; polystyrene was used as a control group (n = 3). Osteoblasts were cultured on the surface of sterilized mini-implants in a CO2 incubator at different time periods (24, 48, and 72 hours). Osteoblast proliferation was quantified by scanning electron microscopy using up to 5000× magnification, and cell morphology was analyzed by a single observer. For the chemical analysis, spectroscopy X-ray fluorescence was used to identify and quantify chemical components on the surface of the mini-implants. Results: Two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between the factors studied (P = 0.686). A Tukey test revealed no significant difference in osteoblast proliferation between the mini-implants at all studied periods; however, a difference in cell proliferation was detected between the Neodent and the control group (P = .025). For all groups, time had a direct and positive effect on osteoblast proliferation (P < .001). The significant elements present in both brands of mini-implants were titanium, aluminum, vanadium, and iron. Conclusions: Osteoblast proliferation was present on the mini-implants studied, which increased over time; however, no significant difference between brands was observed. No difference was seen between the mini-implants evaluated in terms of chemical composition. Cell adhesion after 72 hours suggests that areas of bone remodeling can be achieved, thus initiating the process of mini-implant anchorage.

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