scholarly journals Causes and Consequences of the Migration of Scientists and Students from the Brics Countries to Developed Economies

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. pp255-268
Author(s):  
Bela Khakhuk ◽  
Natalia Morgunovа ◽  
Lydia Nosenko ◽  
Lyudmila Posokhova ◽  
Еlena Zatsarinnaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global South ◽  
Exchange Programs ◽  
Academic Activity ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Russian Federation

One of the major problems in the relationship between the Global South and the Global North is the the drain of intellectual capital from the economies and education systems of the most developed countries of the Global South, which bothers both developing countries and some European ones. The purpose of the study is to reveal the reasons for the migration of scientists and students from Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China, South Africa (BRICS countries) and identify the consequences of the process through the example of a Russian university by studying the characteristics of personal experience and motivation of students and teachers. The research is devoted to the study of academic activity abroad and the attitude of 360 four- and five-year students and 321 teachers at Novosibirsk State University (Novosibirsk, the Russian Federation) towards the practice. The survey results revealed that a relatively small number of respondents (31.07% of teachers and 9.03% of students) have experience of foreign academic activity; the large majority of participants highly assessed the possibility of studying and working abroad (4.87 and 3.48 on a 5-point Likert scale among teachers and students, respectively). The results of the study are in line with the findings of similar studies on academic migration in other BRICS countries; therefore, they can be extrapolated in a broader context. In particular, according to all respondents, the possibility of repeated or circular migration is extremely low (0.88 and 1.61). The research results can help to manage international research and exchange programs, as well as to regulate university training programs and academic migration. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the motivation of scientists and students on academic migrating and their assessment of migration intentions based on an example of a single educational institution and region.

METHODS OF TEACHING JOURNALISM AND THE FORMATION OF A CONVERGENT EDITION IN THE FORMAT OF A PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Мария Минаиловна Чевычелова
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Media Center ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Russian Federation

В статье рассматриваются методики преподавания журналистики и особенности деятельности медиацентра в общеобразовательных структурах, овладении профессиональными инструментами воспитанниками филиала НВМУ (Владивостокское ПКУ). The article discusses the methods of teaching journalism and features of the media center in general education structures, mastering professional tools by students of the branch of NVMU (Vladivostok PKU).

Reform of the system of development institutions of the Far East: directions and tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
I. S. Khvan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
State Corporation ◽  
The Russian Federation

Development institutions are an important modern instrument of government regulation of the economy in all developed countries. The system of development institutions of the Russian Federation includes the federal and regional development institutions. Key federal development institutions include such well-known state corporations as the investment fund of the Russian Federation; the State Corporation "Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Activity (Vnesheconombank)"; the state corporation "Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies," etc. According to experts of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, about 200 regional development institutions operate on the territory of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The objectives of this extensive system of development institutions so far have been to overcome the so-called "market failures," which cannot be optimally realized by the market mechanisms, and to promote the sustained economic growth of a country or an individual region. In November 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation announced the reform of the system of development institutions in the country. The article analyzes the goals and main directions of the announced reform. On the example of the system of development institutions of the Far East, an attempt was made to assess its possible consequences.

Suspended Sentence and Placement in a Special Educational Institution: Features of Application and Correlation in the Context of the Systematic Nature of Criminal Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Vаleria A. Terentieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Criminal Punishment ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Law Regulation

The systematic nature of criminal law forms the main features of the industry, namely: normativity, universalism, that is, the absence of casuistry and obligation. The strict consistency of both the entire industry and its individual institutions allows avoiding the redundancy of criminal law regulation, clearly determining the legal status of a person in conflict with the law. However, the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation do not always meet these requirements due to defects in legal technology, and, sometimes, gaps in regulation. In practice, the courts, in an effort to minimize the above defects, sometimes resort to excessive criminal law regulation; as an example, the article gives the ratio of the application of suspended sentence and placement in a special educational institution of a closed type. The article analyzes sentences to minors in which Art. 73 and Part 2 of Art. 92 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation were simultaneously applied in one sentence for the same act. For a comprehensive study, the article analyzed sentences to minors held in special educational institutions of a closed type for the period from 2014 to 2020, criminal statistics posted on the website of the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, as well as various points of view of leading legal scholars. The research methods of static observation, analysis and synthesis, the system-structural method, as well as a number of factographic methods, were used. The study develops from the general to the specific, i.e., first, systematicity is analyzed as a property of the branch of criminal law and then as a property of a legal institution, namely, the release of minors from criminal liability. Consistency as a property of the institution of exemption from criminal punishment presupposes the impossibility of intersecting elements within one institution. Special attention is paid to the legal nature of suspended sentence as the most common punishment measure for minors, and its effectiveness. Then the cases of the simultaneous application of Art. 73 and Part 2 of Art. 92 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are analyzed. In the course of the study, the author examines the features of suspended sentence and placement in a special educational and educational institution of a closed type, compares these two forms of criminal liability, and highlights the differences. The conclusion is that the simultaneous placement in a special educational institution of a closed type and suspended sentence are a redundancy of criminal law regulation. The article raises the question of the need to improve the Criminal Code in terms of the development of placement in a special educational and educational institution of a closed type as a type of exemption from criminal punishment: the court is to be provided with the opportunity to control the juvenile offender’s correctional process.

scholarly journals Personal characteristics as predictors of professional thinking of cadets of the military educational institution of the national guard of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-342
Author(s):  
Mergaljas M. Kashapov ◽  
◽  
Yuliya M. Perevozkina ◽  
Roman A. Bidenko ◽  
Ivan O. Smolentsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Discriminative Analysis ◽  
The Military

Problem and purpose. The relevance of the study is due to the specifics of military education, which is characterized by increased requirements for the training of future officers. A special place among these requirements is occupied by professional thinking, the formation of which presupposes both intellectual and certain personal characteristics. The purpose is to determine the prognostic capabilities of personal characteristics for the differentiation of types of professional thinking of cadets of a military educational institution of the National Guard of the Russian Federation. Research methodology and methods. According to the diagnostic results, all cadets (N = 150) were divided into three groups according to the prevalence of a certain level of professional thinking in them; 1) oversituational type of thinking, 2) situational type of thinking, and 3) mixed type of thinking. This variable acted as a response in discriminative analysis, and personality traits of cadets, measured by the 16 PF method, and a number of other questionnaires were chosen as predictors. Research results. The results of direct discriminative analysis indicate a high statistical significance of the empirical model (p = 0.000), having good discrimination (λ = 0.04), consisting of two discriminative functions and 16 predictors. All respondents were absolutely correctly assigned to their «own» groups (100%). At the same time, the highest probability of getting into «their» group is for servicemen with a oversituational type level of professional thinking (82%). Discussion of results and conclusion. The predictive influence of personal qualities on the dominance of cadets of a certain type of professional thinking does not have a separate effect of each quality, but has the character of structural interaction. This research contributes to the psychology of work, contributing to the expansion of scientific knowledge about the professional activities of the military.

scholarly journals Seasonality of consumption of traditional products of reindeer husbandry and river fishing by indigenous people of the Arctic zone of Western Siberia in the context of climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-616
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Andronov ◽  
Andrey A. Lobanov ◽  
Irina V. Kobel’kova ◽  
Andrey I. Popov ◽  
Luo Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Annual Consumption ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. The nutrition of the Nenets in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia is mainly based on traditional products (raw (thermally unprocessed) local fish and venison), which is the most important factor of survival in the Arctic. Storing up food products for an extended period is not relevant for the Nenets. Climate change and industrial development in the Arctic primarily affect the seasonality of consumption. Changing the calendar of fish and venison harvesting leads to greater use of imported and canned local food, increasing the length of the periods when local food completely disappears from the diet of the Nenets. Material and methods. During the expeditions to the national villages of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, cross-sectional screening studies were performed, in which 985 Nenets people took part. Nutritional analysis was conducted using the questionnaire method based on an album of portions and dishes. Retrospective information was collected on the seasonality of consumption of reindeer products and local fisheries (the length of the period when unserved fish and venison are available). Results. The consumption of reindeer and river fishery products is seasonal. The duration of the season of venison consumption was from 150±14.0 to 180±21.0, and raw fish - from 120±14.0 to 200±21.0 days. Despite the high level of consuming reindeer products per season, the average annual consumption of venison by Nenets in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia was 240 g/day/person that is less than in the central regions of the Russian Federation and industrially developed countries. In the studied area, the average annual consumption of fish (171.5 g/day/person) is three times higher than the average consumption in the Russian Federation. However, increased consumption of traditional food is typically only during the season of fishing or slaughtering reindeer. The average annual consumption reduced; during the off-season, the share of easily digestible carbohydrates in the diet increased. Conclusion. The creation of fish and venison stocks in villages and their year-round sale to the population is a necessary step in ensuring the food security of the Nenets people.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LABOR ORGANIZATION AS A FACTOR OF CONVICTS` CORRECTION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Анна Владимировна Мусалева ◽  
Никита Алексеевич Кубасов
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Labor Protection ◽  
Labor Discipline ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

В статье рассмотрен такой инструмент исправления осужденных, как общественно полезный труд, который в Российской Федерации на законодательном уровне признан одним из эффективных инструментов исправления наряду с другими основными средствами исправительного воздействия. В работе в том числе рассматриваются проблемы принудительного труда осужденных. Авторы раскрыли порядок и условия организации привлечения к трудовой деятельности лиц, содержащихся в пенитенциарных учреждениях зарубежных стран. В статье проводится сравнительный анализ особенностей содержания, условий привлечения к труду осужденных в зависимости от вида пенитенциарного учреждения различных государств, организации работы осужденных, а именно оплаты труда, продолжительности трудовой деятельности, норм охраны труда, реализации права на отдых и социального обеспечения. Авторы помимо этого обобщают опыт трудовой дисциплины осужденных в пенитенциарных системах ряда развитых в экономическом и социальном плане государств. Изучая опыт зарубежных стран по привлечению заключенных к труду, представляется возможным перенять некоторые важные особенности, которые могут быть частично внедрены в отечественную уголовно-исполнительную систему. The article considers such a tool for the correction of convicts as socially useful work, which in the Russian Federation at the legislative level is recognized as one of the effective tools of correction along with other basic means of correctional influence. The article also deals with the problems of forced labor of convicts. The authors revealed the procedure and conditions for organizing the employment of persons held in places of forced isolation from the society of penitentiary institutions of foreign countries. The paper provides a comparative analysis of the features of the content, conditions for the employment of prisoners, depending on the type of penitentiary institution in different states, the working methods of prisoners, namely, remuneration, duration of work, labor protection standards, the exercise of the right to rest and social security. The authors also summarize the experience of labor discipline of prisoners in the penitentiary systems of a number of economically and socially developed countries. Studying the experience of foreign countries in attracting prisoners to work, it is possible to adopt some important features that can be partially implemented in the domestic penal system.

Reforming Pricing in Construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 1127-1130
Author(s):  
Vasilii D. Ardzinov ◽  
Alexander A. Leontiev ◽  
Grigorii A. Uraev
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
State Information ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Contract Price ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Since 2016, the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation has been carrying out a fundamental reform of pricing and estimated rationing in construction [1]. The main objective of the reform is to create conditions on the basis of the Federal State Information System for Building Pricing (FSIS BP) for the transition to a resource method to determine the estimated cost of construction, the formation of a reliable initial contract price on this basis, including using enlarged building price standards. The essence of the task is insurance against the growth of the real cost of construction. In developed economies, this is achieved through exchange mechanisms using derivative financial instruments such as options.

Formation of higher physical education in Penza Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Valery G. Volkov ◽  
Aleksandr N. Lutkov ◽  
Andrey A. Rogov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
State University ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Primary Organization ◽  
The Russian Federation

In modern student sports of the Russian Federation, a prominent place is occupied by a team of students and specialists in physical education and sports of Penza State University. The main efforts in the sport development in the higher education system of the Penza Region were carried out by a team of a specialized faculty of physical education, and later the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports of Penza State University. We analyze the prerequisites developed in the Penza Region and other regions for the opening of a higher educational institution for the physical education specialists training. In the period of 1940-1950, mid-level personnel for schools and physical education groups were trained by technical schools of physical education, which were secondary special educational institutions. Since the faculty opening, sports work at the institute has significantly revived. As throughout the country, in Penza Pedagogical University, the foundation of a sports society, its primary organization was a sports club, which was created at the university, most commonly, by student and local labour union committees. The core of the sports club was students of physical education faculty, although the leadership of the club was based on the first decades at the department of physical education. The core of the sports club was students of physical education, although the leadership of the club in the first decades was based at the physical education department. Sports achievements of students and graduates of the Faculty of Physical Education are presented. We note multiple victories at the championships of the voluntary sports society “Burevestnik”, the championships of the RSFSR, the USSR, the Russian Federation, the Universiades, the World and Europe Championships, Olympic Games in swimming, athletics, volleyball, basketball, rhythmic gymnastics, sambo, speed skating, gymnastics, hockey throughout the entire period of the faculty.

Legal Status of a School Principal in the Context of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” Enactment

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Фёклин ◽  
Sergey Feklin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
School Principal ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
The Core ◽  
Legal Standing ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Job Duties

The Federal Law of December 29, 2012 № 273-FL “On Education in the Russian Federation” has introduced further clarity in the legal status of a leader (director) of a general educational institution, which came into eff ect as per September 1, 2013. The school principal is given the exceptional legal standing (status), which is conditioned by the specifi cs of his job duties, position and role in the mechanism of the educational institution management. The author thoroughly summarizes, reports in depth and gives comments on the questions concerning the core aspects of a school principal job, which are the most frequently asked by the learners of qualifi cation upgrading courses, and participants of roundtables and seminars. The author also highlights the school principal’s qualifi cation standards and administrational powers in terms of organization management, considering these issues De lege lata. The material is presented in the form of detailed answers to the frequently asked questions on the issues concerned.

scholarly journals THE RANGE OF ADMINISTRATIVE JUSTICE SPECIALIZATIONS IN RUSSIA AND THE OTHER BRICS COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-48
Author(s):  
M. Kleandrov ◽  
I Pluzhnik
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Court System ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Judicial Procedures ◽  
Administrative Justice ◽  
Judicial Systems

This article deals with the challenges concerning increasing administrative justice efficacy in Russia and other BRICS countries, where the specialized development of jurisdictional bodies is inconsistent and far from effective. The article analyzes the gaps and disputed aspects of administrative justice including the mechanisms for judicial administrative dispute resolution in the BRICS countries. The authors argue that the level of effectiveness of administrative justice vested in judicial procedures depends critically on the specialization of the administrative courts. This involves individual judges, separately operating permanent judges, judicial committees, mono-courts, independent administrative judicial systems incorporated into larger judicial systems within the courts of general jurisdiction, and separate and independent administrative and judicial systems. Even though the BRICS countries do not have a structured administrative judiciary, the retrospective and comparative analysis of their administrative justice jurisdiction and its most effective practices and mechanisms undertaken by the authors enables them to rethink the existing approach to resolving administrative cases via the judiciary. The aim of the article is to initiate the creation of an independent administrative court system organization in order to ensure better justice in the areas of social life including legal relations with executive bodies. Suggestions for the implementation of the specialization of the administrative judiciary in the Russian Federation are given. The authors, for the first time in Russian jurisprudence, propose a theoretical model of an independent, four-tiered specialized legal mechanism of administrative justice, which includes the interrelated factors of court organization, the judiciary and their legal status. The range of the four specialized tiers of the administrative judicial system is proposed. It is argued that they should include a systematic succession represented by lower courts, first instance lower courts, area courts and a Higher Administrative Court of the Russian Federation.

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