scholarly journals ROTARY REPLACEMENT OF SAW CHAINS AS A WAY TO INCREASE HARVESTER PRODUCTIVITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Savenkov ◽  
Nadezhda Savenkova ◽  
Mikhail Derbin ◽  
Aleksandr Tret'yakov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
North West ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Replacement System ◽  
The Cost

Annually in the North-West of Russia, the percentage of cutting using assorted harvesting technology is increased. As a result, the issue of increasing productivity of forestry machines is becoming increasingly important. One of the key points is the proper maintenance and operation of equipment, in particular a saw of a harvester head. However, the experiments show that the operators of logging machines do not know the rules or, often, neglect the need for proper and timely maintenance of the saw apparatus. The condition of the saw chains and the saw apparatus as a whole is directly reflected in the performance of forestry machines. One way to solve this problem may be to use the method of rotational replacement of saw chains. During the study, a series of field experiments were conducted at a logging enterprise located in the Arkhangelsk region. The aim of the experiment was to determine the most optimal method of using saw chains. It will increase the productivity of multioperational forestry machines. As a result of the study, it was found that the saw chain replacement system currently used in enterprises does not have sufficient efficiency and requires changes. In this paper, we use the method of rotational replacement of saw chains, which, based on practical and theoretical observations, increases the time of clean sawing, the volume of harvested wood on one chain and, accordingly, increases the productivity of the forestry machine. This work, in general, helps increase the efficiency of harvesters, as well as reduce the cost of consumables.

THE ROLE OF AMPLITUDE VERSUS OFFSET TECHNOLOGY IN PROMOTING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM EXPLORATION IN AUSTRALIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Williamson ◽  
F. Kroh
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
North West ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Exmouth Plateau ◽  
The North ◽  
Amplitude Versus Offset ◽  
Cable Lines ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Amplitude Versus

Amplitude versus offset (AVO) technology has proved itself useful in petroleum exploration in various parts of the world, particularly for gas exploration. To determine if modern AVO compliant processing could identify potential anomalies for exploration of open acreage offshore Australia, Geoscience Australia reprocessed parts of four publicly available long cable lines. These lines cover two 2006 acreage release areas on the Exmouth Plateau and in the Browse Basin on the North West Shelf. An earlier study has also been done on two publicly available long cable lines from Geoscience Australia’s Bremer Basin study and cover areas from the 2005 frontier acreage release on the southern margin. The preliminary results from these three reprocessing efforts produced AVO anomalies and were made publicly available to assist companies interested in assessing the acreage. The results of the studies and associated data are available from Geoscience Australia at the cost of transfer.The AVO data from the Exmouth Plateau show AVO anomalies including one that appears to be at the Jurassic level of the reservoir in the Jansz/Io supergiant gas field in adjacent acreage to the north. The AVO data from the Caswell Sub-basin of the Browse Basin show an AVO anomaly at or near the stratigraphic zone of the Brecknock South–1 gas discovery to the north. The geological settings of strata possibly relating to two AVO anomalies in the undrilled Bremer Basin are in the Early Cretaceous section, where lacustrine sandstones are known to occur. The AVO anomalies from the three studies are kilometres in length along the seismic lines.These preliminary results from Geoscience Australiaand other AVO work that has been carried out by industry show promise that AVO compliant processing has value—particularly for gas exploration offshore Australia—and that publicly available long-cable data can be suitable for AVO analysis.

PETROLEUM EXPLORATION PREVIEW FOR 1967

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
M. A. Condon
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Markets ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Timor Sea ◽  
The Government ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Cost

Exploration for petroleum in Australia paused in 1966 and this pause is likely to continue in 1967.The number of wells drilled and seismic activity will both be slightly less in 1967 than in 1966, but the work will generally be directed to more specific targets. The cost of exploration will be somewhat higher than in 1966.During the year off-shore drilling should increase and it is expected that five mobile rigs will be drilling in the offshore areas by the end of the year. The immediate structural targets available for these rigs are in the Gippsland, Bass and Otway Basins (Victoria-Tasmania), the North-West Shelf and Timor Sea-Bonaparte Gulf, and in the Gulf of Papua.Onshore exploration will be concentrated in the western Australian basins, the Surat Basin, the central Great Artesian Basin, and the Gidgealpa region of the southwestern Great Artesian Basin.The success or otherwise of the off-shore drilling will determine the rate of exploration over the next few years. If important discoveries are made off-shore, these may and probably would result in more intensive exploration of the same stratigraphic intervals onshore.The exploration patterns of Australia and several other countries before and after first commercial discovery are compared. This indicates that Australian discovery came early, as compared with other countries, where production has developed since the war, but that post-discovery effort in Australia has been very much less. The main obvious differences appear to be that in Australia the average size of the exploration concession is very much larger and the number of operators (having regard to the areas concerned) is much smaller, than in the other successful countries.There has been a gradual movement towards reducing the size of operating areas in Australia either by obligatory relinquihment or by farmout, but if discoveries are to be made at a satisfactory rate more operators are needed in every basin.The economic environment of Australia vis-a-vis Middle East oil and oil markets is probably the main basic reason for the peculiar exploratory pattern, which has impelled the Government to provide financial incentives to encourage exploration and development.

Effect of fertility level on the yield of some native perennial grasses on the North-West Slopes, New South Wales.

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Native Grasses ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Pot Culture

The effect of fertility on the yields of native perennial grasses was investigated in pot culture and field experiments. Yields of six native perennial grasses and Paspalum dilatatum Poir were determined in the glasshouse at five levels of applied phosphorus (P), sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) and in the field the biomass of individual tussocks of eight native grasses was compared. In pot culture the maximum yields of the native perennial grasses with P, S and N applied were 15 to 75% lower than those of P. dilatatum. Within the native grasses there were significant yield differences: Bothriochloa macra (Steud) S.T. Blake, Chloris truncata R.Br. and Dichanthium sericeum (R. Br.) Camus yielded up to twice as much dry matter as either Aristida ramosa R.Br., Sporobolus elongatus R.Br. or Eragrostis leptostachya Steud. These data indicate that P, S and N are all essential for maximum yield of some native grasses, and large imbalances in the level of these nutrients resulted in seedling mortalities in most native grasses.

scholarly journals PSXIV-5 Results of external use of staphylococcal toxoid for the prevention of mastitis in cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 315-315
Author(s):  
Dariya Kashtanova ◽  
Valerii G Skopichev ◽  
Flura Alistratova ◽  
Polina A Polistovskaia ◽  
Nataliya A Panova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
North West ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Mastitis in cows in the farms of the Russian Federation cause great economic damage. Economic losses include the cost of treating cows and the cost of recycled milk. In the farms of the North-West region of the Russian Federation mastitis occurs in 20–30% of lactating cows. An important task is to find effective ways to prevent mastitis. The task of our research included the study of the effectiveness of external use of staphylococcal toxoid. For the experiment, 2 experimental groups of dry cows of 10 animals each were formed. For the first group of cows, 5 days before the expected date of calving, an ointment containing staphylococcal toxoid and dimethyl sulfoxide was applied to the area of the milk mirror. Udder treatment was performed once a day for five days. Cows of the second group were immunized with Starvac® vaccine in accordance with the instructions, twice during the dry period. The third group of cows (n = 20) was the control. After calving, the concentration of immunoglobulins in colostrum was examined in all cows. In cows of the first group, the concentration of immunoglobulins G, M and A in colostrum was 8.59 ± 0.9; 1.1 ± 0.13 and 5.42 ± 0.9 g / l, respectively. The concentration of immunoglobulins in cows of the first group was higher, on average, by 1.3–2.0 times in comparison with cows that were given the Starvac vaccine. In comparison with the control group, the growth of all classes of immunoglobulins was determined by 2.2 - 5.2 times (P < 0.01). The results obtained showed high efficacy of external use of staphylococcal toxoid together with dimethisulfoxide.

Evaluation of Stored Maize Losses in Cameroon

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dermot Mchugh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
North West ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
The North ◽  
End Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Farmer Surveys

SummaryFarmer surveys have consistently shown maize storage losses to be of primary concern to farmers in the western highlands of Cameroon. Past attempts at evaluating these losses, however, have proved to be unsatisfactory, mainly because of failure to consider qualitative, as well as quantitative, losses or to take account of consumption patterns (that is, timing and end use). A simulation model is presented that overcomes these deficiencies while providing a reliable estimate of the economic value of storage losses to the farmer, albeit at the cost of requiring fairly exacting data. The model is used to estimate the value of storage losses to farmers in the North West Province of Cameroon.

scholarly journals New localities of rare for the Arkhangelsk region speciesin the Lyamitsky landscape of the Onega peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-442
Author(s):  
Oleg Morozov ◽  
Olga Markova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
North West ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
The North ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Living Organisms

The Onega Peninsula is located in the north-west of Russia in the Arkhangelsk Region, juts out into the White Sea, is located in an area of a transitional climate from an oceanic to a continental temperate climatic zone, belongs to the central sector of the northern taiga zone. The flora and fauna of the peninsula are very diverse. A significant part of natural complexes is highly preserved and is ideal for biosphere monitoring. In connection with intensive industrial logging on the peninsula, there is a need to identify rare species of living organisms and determine measures for their protection. The article provides data on the finds of habitats of 11 rare species discovered by the author during field routes along the Lyamitsky landscape in the period from 2009 to 2020. Finds of 10 out of 11 species have not been previously published. In 2020, the state of a group of individuals of 1 of 11 species that had not yet formed a stable population was reexamined, the find of which was previously published. This species (derbyanka spikate) is new for the Arkhangelsk and all adjacent regions and needs to be entered into the Red Book of the Arkhangelsk Region, which includes the remaining 10 species. 4 species of them are also included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The finds of the species belong to the lands of different purposes: to the forbidden zone of forests and to the lands of the forest fund leased by a logging company. The article discusses the number of discovered species and such a limiting factor as logging. The assessment of the feasibility of measures for the protection of species has been carried out. It was revealed that some of them (splachnums) increase in number due to felling, the number of others is not threatened by felling (common viper, etc.), to preserve the number of the third, special protection measures are required (pulmonary lobaria, truncated horn, etc.). The information obtained is processed cartographically using geoinformation technologies and can be used to replenish the database of the Red Book species and to organize their protection.

Predicting the risk to permit compliance of new sewage treatment works

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
A. J. Dunn ◽  
D. A. Frodsham ◽  
R. V. Kilroy
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Permit Compliance

The privatised water industry in England and Wales has the requirement to construct a substantial number of new assets to meet new national and European legislation. In order to do so economically, the risk of performance of new assets has to be matched to the cost of construction. To undertake such risk management, a risk technique has been developed that allows the performance against permit compliance of new processes to be established. The technique is based on statistical analysis of data effectively creating a pure black box model to determine performance. The technique has been further developed to take into account the dependency between influent quality and process performance. The dependency factor selected is the Spearman's Rank Coefficient which is a convenient way to define complex relationships. It can be used to define many dependent variables referring to the same independent variable and as such removes the need for complex mechanistic equations. This technique has been calibrated using two years, existing data and then validated for the next 6 months data of a wastewater treatment works in the North West of England. The results of the validation illustrate the ability of the technique to be used as a predictive tool. The output from the model allows the direct comparison of different process options and permits executive management to make informed decisions about investment against risk to permit compliance.

Excavations at Sphagion in Cyprus

1954 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Hennessy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Australian Institute ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
The Village

The Cemetery at Sphagion was excavated during the last week of August 1951, under the auspices of the Ashmolean Museum—Sydney University expedition to Cyprus with the aid of funds contributed jointly by the University of Sydney and the Australian Institute of Archaeology, Melbourne, which now possesses the finds allotted to the expedition by the Department of Antiquities. Tomb 17 is in the Cyprus Museum. The University of Sydney has made a generous grant towards the cost of illustration.The site at Sphagion (so called because of a nearby slaughter-house) lies on the outskirts of the village of Myrtou (Kyrenia District) in North-west Cyprus (fig. 1). It is situated immediately to the North of the main Myrtou-Nicosia road, within a few metres of the 20-mile post from Nicosia. The narrow, flat tract of land, now used for the cultivation of vines and olives, has a shallow surface soil overlying the soft white limestone into which the graves were cut. The land belongs to Eleni Hadji Sophokli of the village of Myrtou.

scholarly journals MINIMASI BIAYA DISTRIBUSI BERAS MISKIN DENGAN METODE NORTH WEST CONER PADA PERUM BULOG SUBDIVRE III SURAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Indiana Maharani Putri ◽  
Bebas Widada ◽  
Elistya Rimawati
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Initial Solution ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Distribution Cost

BULOG has a duty to distribute subsidized rice for low-income society groups, which is realized in the implementation of Raskin (Beras Miskin) program, but BULOG Subdivre III Surakarta has not thought about the cost of transporting Raskin quite a lot, because the most important is the Raskin demand from all districts / City. The purpose of this study is to apply the North West Corner (NWC) method to determine the cost of Raskin distribution in Perum BULOG Subdivre III Surakarta, in order to facilitate the user in determining the initial solution and determining the allocation of the transportation. The North West Coner (NWC) method is expected to minimize the cost of Raskin distribution. The data computed is January 2017 data with distribution fee of Rp 908,444,756. The results of NWC implementation showed the results of the manual calculations significantly, NWC program, and software QM for Windows 3 is the same that is Rp 903.088.837. The calculation results prove the reduction of the cost of Rp 5.355.919 or 0.58% if applying the NWC Method. The North West Corner method can be the initial solution to minimize the cost of Raskin distribution in Perum BULOG Subdivre III Surakarta. Keywords: Minimization, North West Corner, Distribution Cost, Raskin, BULOG

PIPELINES AND PIPEDREAMS

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
A. E. Ranson
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
North West ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Australian Experience ◽  
The Cost

There is little Australian experience to work on but the available evidence indicates that the capital cost of installing pipelines in Australia is well in excess of the cost of building similar size lines in the United States. The terrain in which the line is being laid is an important factor in total cost.The costs of operating a gas pipeline are essentially determined by the cost of installation of the line and the cost of the funds used. The first of these factors is largely outside the control of the operator although it does have some discretion in areas such as the source of the pipe to be used. The cost of the funds used in a project is dependent on the status of the owner and while private pipeline owners have tended to be low cost borrowers, government bodies should be able to obtain better rates of interest. However, the source of government funds is limited and the allocation of these funds should be determined by suitable tests of social and economic benefits.Given the capital and financial costs of a pipeline the unit cost of transporting gas is a direct function of throughput and the variation in that throughput.Even under generous usage assumptions, the pipe which is projected to join the North West Shelf to the East Coast will not be economic for many years. Provision of funds from consolidated revenue and other devices will not reduce the costs but merely divert them to taxpayers. Pipelines to some of the more remote areas will probably never be economic.

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