scholarly journals Continuous or intermittent walking, the effect on glycated hemoglobin in sedentary employees during 10-week intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Mynor Rodriguez-Hernandez ◽  
James R. McDonald ◽  
Danielle W. Wadsworth
Keyword(s):  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Walking Programs ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Walking Group

To examine long term changes on glycated hemoglobin in sedentary employees exposed to two different walking programs during a 10-week intervention. A total of 68 sedentary employees participated in a 10-week walking intervention and were randomly assigned to one of three groups: intermittent walking, continuous walking or control group. Hemoglobin A1cNOW+ device tested glycated hemoglobin and accelerometry assessed physical activity. Results showed glycated hemoglobin significantly decreased over the ten weeks (5.82±0.49, 5.66±0.44) F(1,64) =4.229, p=.044) in the continuous walking group. Post-Hoc test showed the continuous walking group was significantly affected, F=8.463, p=.009, with a large size effect n2=.297. There were no changes within the intermittent group (5.69±0.63, 5.63±0.6) or control group (5.59±0.6, 5.6±0.54) (p>0.05). Accelerometry showed a main effect of time by group interaction F(4,124) =4.688, p=0.001). Post-Hoc indicated that the continuous walking group took significantly longer bouts of moderate to vigorous intensity walking at week-6 compared to pre-test (p=0.006) at this could have influenced the results, there were no changes in the length of bouts in the intermittent or control groups (p>0.05). Sedentary employees who perform a moderate intensity continuous walking program show benefits in controlling blood glucose, thereby, reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Menopausal Status, Moderate-Intensity Walking, and Symptoms in Midlife Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoEllen Wilbur ◽  
Arlene Michaels Miller ◽  
Judith McDevitt ◽  
Edward Wang ◽  
Josephine Miller
Keyword(s):  
African American Women ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Midlife Women ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
Home Based ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this randomized clinical trial study was to determine the effectiveness of a 24-week, home-based, moderate-intensity, walking intervention in improving symptoms (vasomotor, uro-genital/sexual, sleep, psychological, cognitive, physical) experienced by midlife women. One hundred and seventy-three Caucasian and African American women aged 45 to 65 who were not on hormone therapy, had no major signs or symptoms of cardiovascular disease, and were sedentary in their leisure activity were randomly assigned to the moderate-intensity walking group or the nonexercise control group. The exercise prescription was walking at a frequency of 4 times a week for a duration of 20 to 30 minutes. The symptom impact inventory included the frequency, intensity, and bothersomeness of 33 symptoms collected at baseline and 24 weeks. Adherence was measured with a heart rate monitor and exercise log. Average adherence to frequency of walking was 71.6% of the expected walks. After 24 weeks, there were no differences between the walking and control group on change in symptoms. However, multiple regression revealed that frequency of adherence to walking along with change in physical symptoms and menopausal status were significant predictors of change in sleep symptoms. While walking did not improve most symptoms experienced by midlife women, frequency of walking may improve sleep.

scholarly journals Development in PaCO2 over 12 months in patients with COPD with persistent hypercapnic respiratory failure treated with high-flow nasal cannula—post-hoc analysis from a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000712
Author(s):  
Line Hust Storgaard ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Hockey ◽  
Ulla Møller Weinreich
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Nasal Cannula ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Flow Nasal Cannula ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

IntroductionPersistent hypercapnic failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with poor prognosis. Long-term home non-invasive ventilation is recommended for patients with PaCO2 >7.0 kPa. Domiciliary high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) reduces PaCO2 in short-term studies. This post-hoc analysis examines the effect of HFNC on PaCO2 levels, exacerbations and admissions in patients with COPD with persistent hypercapnic and hypoxic failures.MethodsThe original trial included 74 long-term oxygen-treated patients (31 HFNC treated/43 controls) with persistent hypercapnic failure (PaCO2 >6 kPa) who completed the 12-month study period. Baseline data included age, sex, blood gases, exacerbations and hospital admissions in the previous year. Data on blood gases were also recorded at 6 and 12 months for all patients. In addition, acute changes in blood gases after 30 min of HFNC use at site visits were examined, as were exacerbations and hospital admissions during study.ResultsPatients were comparable at baseline. After 12 months there was a 1.3% decrease in PaCO2 in patients using HFNC and a 7% increase in controls before HFNC use on site (p=0.003). After 30 min of HFNC at visits PaCO2 changed significantly, with comparable reductions, at 0, 6 and 12 months, including for controls who tried HFNC at study end (p<0.001). The exacerbation rate increased, compared with 12 months prestudy, by 2.2/year for controls (p<0.001) and 0.15/year for HFNC-treated patients (p=0.661). Hospital admission rates increased in the control group,+0.3/year from prestudy (p=0.180), And decreased by 0.67/year (p=0.013)for HFNC-treated patients.ConclusionThis post-hoc analysis indicates that HFNC stabilises patients with COPD with persistent hypoxic and hypercapnic failures, in terms of PaCO2, exacerbations and number of hospitalisations, whereas those not receiving HFNC worsened. This suggests that HFNC is a possible treatment for patients with persistent hypercapnic COPD.

Temporal Effects of Acute Walking Exercise on Learning and Memory Function

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1518-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eveleen Sng ◽  
Emily Frith ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Temporal Effects ◽  
Better Than

Purpose: To evaluate the temporal effects of acute exercise on episodic memory. Design: A quasi-experimental study. Sample: Eighty-eight college students (N = 22 per group). Measures: Four experimental groups were evaluated, including a control group, exercising prior to memory encoding, exercising during encoding, and exercising during memory consolidation. The exercise stimulus consisted of a 15-minute moderate-intensity walk on a treadmill. Participants completed the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to assess learning and memory. Prospective memory was assessed via a Red Pen Task. Long-term memory (recognition and attribution) of the RAVLT was assessed 20 minutes and 24 hours after exercise. Analysis: Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed the performance of RAVLT scores of trials 1 to 5 across groups. One-way ANOVA assessed the performance of individual trials across groups, whereas χ2 assessed the performance of the Red Pen Task across groups. Results: Regarding learning, the interaction of groups × trial was marginally statistically significant ( F12,332 = 1.773, P = .05), indicating that the group which exercised before encoding did better than the group that exercised during encoding and consolidation. For both 24-hour recognition and attribution performance, the group that exercised before memory encoding performed significantly better than the group that exercised during consolidation ( P = .05 recognition, P = .006 attribution). Discussion: Engaging in a 15-minute bout of moderate-intensity walking before a learning task was effective in influencing long-term episodic memory.

Aerobic Exercise Training and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Boileau ◽  
Edward McAuley ◽  
Demetra Demetriou ◽  
Naveen K. Devabhaktuni ◽  
Gregory L. Dykstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After

A trial was conducted to examine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness. Previously sedentary participants, age 60-75 years, were randomly assigned to either AET treatment or a control group for 6 months. The AET consisted of walking for 40 min three times/week at an intensity that elevated heart rate to 65% of maximum heart rate reserve. The control group performed a supervised stretching program for 40 min three times/week. CR fitness was assessed before and after the treatments during a grade-incremented treadmill walking test. Both absolute and relative peak V̇O2 significantly increased (p < .01) in the AET group, whereas they decreased modestly in the control group. Maximum treadmill time increased significantly (p < .01) in the AET group relative to the control group. These results indicate that CR fitness as measured by peak V̇O2 modestly improves in the elderly with a moderate-intensity, relatively long-term aerobic exercise program.

scholarly journals Secretion Of PGC-1α By Modulating Physical Exercise To Protect Improving Obesity Prevalence

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Moch Nasmay Lupita ◽  
Desiana Merawati ◽  
Sugiharto Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Post Hoc

This study aims to analyze the response of physical exercise as a modulation of PGC-1α to protect against the increasing prevalence of obesity. This research is a true experimental design with the randomized pretest-posttest control group design using 15 obese women aged 18-22 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) 25-35 kg/m2, normal blood pressure, Resting Heart Rate (RHR) normal, VO2max 25-35 ml/kg/min and randomly divided into three groups, namely CONT (n=5, Control Without Intervention), MIIE (n=5, Moderate Intensity Interval Exercise) and MICE (n=5, Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise). The intervention was carried out at 07.00-09.00 a.m. MIIE and MICE interventions carried out for 40-45 minutes using a treadmill. Pre-exercise blood sampling and 10 minutes post-exercise. Measurement of PGC-1α levels used the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Data analysis techniques used ANOVA test and LSD post hoc test with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS)

Modified SEC III protocol: vertical control related to patients’ compliance with the chincup

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Montinaro ◽  
Ludovica Nucci ◽  
Marco Carfora ◽  
Fabrizia d’Apuzzo ◽  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Vertical Control ◽  
Retrospective Nature ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Summary Objectives To compare the short-term outcomes of modified SEC III protocol in growing patients in relation to their compliance with the chincup, matching them with an untreated Class III control group (CG). Materials and Methods Thirty-four patients (mean age of 8.6 ± 1.2 years) with Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion treated with the modified SEC III protocol and divided into group 1 (G1, 18 subjects), reporting good compliance and group 2 (G2, 16 subjects) not compliant with the chincup. The records were analysed before treatment (T1) and after the orthopaedic phase (T2), with an interval period of about 1.3 ± 0.5 years. The CG consisted of 16 untreated subjects with Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion (mean age of 8.3 ± 1.4 years). The statistical comparisons among the three groups were performed with ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results Both G1 and G2, compared with CG, presented significant improvements in the sagittal skeletal relationships (ANB +2.5° and +2.5°, Wits +4.2° and +3.0°, respectively). G1 exhibited a significant more favourable control of vertical skeletal relationships when compared to G2 (Palatal Pl.–Mandibular Pl. −2.0°) that were associated with a statistically significant reduction of the gonial angle (ArGoMe −1.7°). Limitations of the study were its retrospective nature and the lack of evaluation of the long-term outcomes. Conclusions Both groups of treated patients showed favourable sagittal skeletal improvement compared with controls. The use of chincup in patients with good compliance produced significantly greater control of the skeletal vertical dimensions compared with patients not compliant with the chincup.

The effect of walking on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with knee osteoarthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 886-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanie Larose ◽  
Judy King ◽  
Lucie Brosseau ◽  
George A. Wells ◽  
Robert Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Maximum Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Walking Programs

Walking programs alone or in combination with behavioral interventions have proven effective at improving quality of life among older adults with osteoarthritis (OA). It is unclear, however, whether the combination of both of these treatments is more effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults with knee OA than a walking program alone or than unsupervised self-directed walking. In this study, we assessed cardiorespiratory fitness with 3 programs: a structured supervised community-based aerobic walking program with a behavioral intervention (WB; n = 41); a supervised program of walking only (W; n = 42); and an unsupervised self-directed walking program (n = 32). We measured maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak), exercise test duration, and workload, heart rate, and ventilation at maximum aerobic capacity in older adults with knee OA after 6 months of WB, W, or self-directed walking. Overall, V̇O2peak improved by 4% in female walkers (+0.9 ± 2.5 mL O2·kg−1·min−1; p < 0.001) and 5% in male walkers (+1.3 ± 2.7 mL O2·kg−1·min−1; p < 0.001), and the change in fitness was similar with all 3 walking interventions. In conclusion, low- to moderate-intensity walking may improve and (or) prevent decrements in cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults with OA. This response was comparable in supervised walkers with and without a behavioral intervention and in unsupervised self-directed walkers.

scholarly journals Moderate Intensity Training By Listening To Music Decreases Interleukin-6 Levels In Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Septyaningrum Putri Purwoto ◽  
Adi Pranoto ◽  
Hartono Hartono ◽  
Sugiharto Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Intensity Training

The design of this study is the randomized control group posttest-only design, 21 of Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar male, 20-24 weeks, 250 ± 350 grams and randomly divided into 3 groups namely CONT (n = 7, control without treatment), MIT (n = 7, moderate intensity training, treadmill with speed 14-16 m/min for 15-30 minutes listening to music tempo 160 beats/min) and HIT (n = 7, high intensity training, treadmill with speed 22-25 m/min for 15-30 minutes listening to music tempo 160 beats/min). The intervention was started from 17.00-20.00 WIB with a frequency of 3 times / week for 10 weeks. Blood is drawn for 12 hours after the last training. Measurement of IL-6 serum levels using the ELISA method. Data analysis techniques using ANOVA test and LSD post hoc test with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).

scholarly journals The effect of aerobic exercise on interoception and cognitive function in healthy university students: a non-randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusaku Amaya ◽  
Tetsuya Abe ◽  
Kenji Kanbara ◽  
Hisaharu Shizuma ◽  
Yasushi Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
University Students ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Abstract Background:Long-term aerobic exercise is a key intervention for improving cognitive function as well as enhancing musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory system functions. Additionally, decision-making, in which cognitive function is involved, can be an important factor for initiating and maintaining exercise. According to Damasio’s somatic marker hypothesis, somatic experience plays a fundamental role in decision-making. Interoception is a sense of physiological information related to emotions and is known to influence cognitive function. Here, we investigated changes in interoception during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at a level that could improve cognitive function.Methods:Healthy university students were divided into an exercise group (n = 37) and a control group (n = 11). The exercise group performed bench step exercises at an intensity of 50% heart rate reserve for 30 minutes a day, three times a week, for three months. Cognitive function was assessed by measuring auditory information/working memory processing speed with a Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT), and interoceptive accuracy (IA) was measured with a heartbeat tracking task.Results:There was a significant positive correlation between IA and PASAT scores at pre-intervention. But exercise did not lead to a significant increase in PASAT scores in comparison with the control group. IA scores were improved at 2- and 3-month post-intervention only in the exercise group.Conclusions:This suggested that interoception may be associated with the improvement in cognitive function produced by long-term aerobic exercise. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the causal relationship between interoception and cognitive function during exercise interventions.Trial registration: UMIN, UMIN000042891. 04/01/2021, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Exercise improves long-term social and behavioral rhythms in older adults: Did it play a role during the COVID-19 lockdown?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Cossu ◽  
Cesar Ivan Abbile Gonzalez ◽  
Luigi Minerba ◽  
Roberto Demontis ◽  
Massimiliano Pau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Behavioral Rhythms

The study aimed to verify whether exercise training in older adults can improve social behavioral rhythms (SBR) and if any modification is maintained over time. Older adults (n=120) from a previous randomized controlled trial, were randomly allocated to either a moderate-intensity exercise group or a control group. SBR was evaluated at t0, t26, and t48 weeks (during the COVID-19 lockdown), using the brief social rhythms scale (BSRS). Seventy-nine participants completed the follow-up (age 72.3±4.7, women 55.3%). An improvement in the BSRS score was found in the exercise group at 26 weeks (p=0.035) when the exercise program was concluded, and it was maintained at 48 weeks (p=0.013). No improvements were observed in the control group. To conclude, SBR, previously found as a resilience factor in older adults during COVID-19, appear to improve after a moderate 12 weeks exercise program, and the improvement persisted even after stopping exercise during the COVID-19 lockdown.

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