scholarly journals Analysis of Various Factors Contributing To Police Corruption In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Rahman Hussain ◽  
Dr. Habibullah Nawab ◽  
Hazrat Bilal ◽  
Muhammad Ishaq
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Police Corruption ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
Political Patronage ◽  
Senior Officers

Around the world police institution has been established for ensuring peace, enforcing law and protecting life and property of public. Policeplays a vital role in controlling crimes in society and their services are considered as good, but police corruption has also been occurred throughout history and therefore it is by no means a new phenomenon. In Pakistan too police are perceived as corrupt and there exist various social, economic, political and structural causes of police corruption.The multiplicity of these causes and its aftermaths in delivery of justice require immense research in the field. Looking into the issue the current study was conducted in province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to know the opinion of in-service police about prevalence of corruption in police department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the contributing factors which compel police personnel for corruption. Data was collected through structured questionnaires from in-service police, using purposive sampling techniques. The data collected from 150 respondents who were serving in police department.According to findings of the study 88.7% respondents opined that corruption prevails in police department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study identified low salaries, lack of accountability, recruitment through bribes, political patronage, corruption of senior officers, lack of public awareness and lack of resources as major causes of police corruption. To eliminate corruption from police department, the study suggestsstrict and unbiased accountability, increase in salaries, public awareness,discouraging political interference, establishment of an independent commission for controlling corruption and strict disciplinary action against those involved in corruption.

scholarly journals Public Perception towards Police Corruption: A Case Study of Tehsil Takht Bhai

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Rahman Hussain ◽  
Hazrat Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Police Corruption ◽  
Media Campaigns

Throughout the world, the department of police has been established for enforcing the law, protecting the life and property of the people, and ensuring peace. Police play a vital role in maintaining law and order in the society as well as controlling crimes and their services are considered as good, but police corruption has also occurred throughout history and therefore it is by no means a new phenomenon. The issue of corruption in police in terms of lodging first information report (FIR), during investigation and detention, calls for immediate attention from the researchers because it negatively affects justice delivery in society. The current study was conducted in Tehsil Takht Bhai, of district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan, which examined the perception of the general public, drivers, elected representatives, lawyers, past prisoners, and the police tout about police corruption. The study was qualitative specifically based on thematic research design. A stratified purposive sampling technique has been utilized, while the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were used as a tool for collecting primary data.   Further, focus group discussions were elaborated narrated and linked with the literature (thematic analysis) to extract findings. Research findings show that corruption is prevalent in police at different levels, and it is suggested that media campaigns, public awareness, and legislation about corruption need to be implemented to control corruption in the police.

scholarly journals A GIS Based Method for Assessing the Association Between Urban Development and Crime Pattern in Sungai Petani, Kedah Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4374-4380
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Crime Pattern

Physical development plays a vital role in the urban area that consists of the needs of the physical structure and social process that challenges towards the improvement of the local's well-being. The research evaluates the relationship between urban development and crime pattern using spatial analysis. The research uses satellite imagery data and remote sensing technique to detected urban changes from 2000 until 2013 in Kedah, Malaysia. The result of the research is generated a spatial analysis that identified the hotspots and directional of criminal activities in the study area. The result indicated that they are a positive relationship between urban development and criminal activities, particularly violent crime, property crime and drug abuse case. The result from in-depth interview with the locals indicated that majority of locals in the study area felt unsafe with criminal activities occurring within their neighborhood and negatively impacting their well-being. Industrial and commercial area identified as the hotspot of the criminal activities in the study area. The research can help government and police department to curb the increasing number of criminal activities within the urban setting and achieved their aim to reduce criminal activities index annually

scholarly journals A Study on Contributing Factors of Nurses Migration to Overseas among the Staff Nurses Working In Selected Hospital at Mangalore

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 003-006
Author(s):  
Harit Philip ◽  
Bindhu P P. ◽  
Aswathi Babu ◽  
Elveera Cutinha ◽  
Jeena Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Professional Skill ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Additional Payment

AbstractNurses are the backbone of the health care sector. They have a vital role in the patient care as well as in the maintenance of standards in their profession. A significant shortage exists in India where nurses are migrating to other countries due to various reasons. This is important globally because countries with the lowest nursing and health care workforce capacities have the poorest health outcomes. Objective: To find the contributing factors for nurses migration to overseas among the staff nurses' Materials and Methods: A descriptive approach was adopted for this study. The study was conducted in Father Muller Medical College Hospital at Mangaluru. The study sample was 103 staff nurses'. A baseline proforma and a checklist were used to collect the data to assess the contributing factors of nurses' migration to overseas. The subjects were selected by using convenient random sampling technique. Results: The data in the present study revealed that, staff nurses 71.84% were between the age group of 21-25 years. Most (88.35%) of the subjects were females. Majorities (82.53%) of the subjects were single. 90.30% of the subjects belong to Christian religion and rest of them belongs to Hindu religion. Proportionately (67.97%) of the subjects who participated were had the qualification of B.Sc (N). Quiet a more number of staff Nurses' (78.64%) was having the work experience between 1- 3 years. The data from the checklist of contributing factors revealed that the majority (95.14%) of them said that less salary in India is the major contributing factor for migration. The second reason given by the subjects was better employment opportunity (92.23%). The third most reason indicated by the subject was the opportunity to improve the professional skill and practice in abroad (92.21%). The marriage as a contributing factor to migrate was least by only (25.24%). The next least was additional payment for extra hours (45.63%). Interpretation and conclusion: After conducting the study the result showed that, The main contributing factors of nurses migration are less salary in India (95.14%), Better employment opportunities in abroad (92.23%) and the opportunity to improve the professional skill and practice in abroad (92.21%). Also we found that there is no specific contributing factor rather they had variety of contributing factors which influences the nurses for migration.

scholarly journals Human relationship and its impact on schools’ performance in secondary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Arshad Ali ◽  
Alam Zeb
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Human Relationship ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Staff Members

Teachers, administrators, heads, and students all need to have good relationships to meet educational goals. It has been found that a school's performance is measured by positive relationships between instructors, pupils, administrators, and other stakeholders. As a result, the study aimed to investigate human relationship issues and determine their effects on school success to change the condition in the future. The study's participants were all heads of Government Higher Secondary Schools (GHSS) in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The researchers used basic random sampling techniques to pick 65 heads from all GHSS in Malakand Division for the sample. Since it was a detailed study, the data was collected using a Likert scale questionnaire. The Chi-square tests and percentage used to tabulate and interpret the data in SPSS. According to the findings, the number of teachers does not comply with school administrators. On the one side, the lack of collaboration among staff members impedes a conducive atmosphere at the colleges. The school principals are dissatisfied with the behaviour and actions of the high-ups when it comes to some subject concerning the college. The report has found that political influence and intervention had uprooted and disrupted the whole educational structure. As a result, the suggestion of depoliticizing the education department was given. The Education Ministry should provide daily seminars and training for teachers and principals to strengthen management skills and involvement, commitment in school matters, and sense of duty, which play a vital role in the growth of organizations.  

scholarly journals Advocating Practice: the Role of the Community Oncology Nurse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Deborah G Southgate
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Oncology Nurse ◽  
Community Oncology ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Many

<p>The oncology nurse, along with many other expert practitioners, has a vital role within the community, and due to the many changes within the health system, it will be an even more crucial role in the future. Little is written about the role of the community oncology nurse, which may endanger its very existence. Several nurse scholars as Benner (1984) Johnstone (1999) and Taylor (2000) support and encourage nurses to tell their stories and increase public awareness of their practice. The primary aim of this research was to advocate for, and make known, the role of the community oncology nurse, and to bring alive the hidden but real issues of nursing people in the community who have active cancer treatment. This study is also about my journey from novice to expert in developing the role as a community oncology nurse. The research also aimed to identify and understand practice that community oncology nurses do and often take for granted. To capture the essence of this study the method of reflective topical autobiography was utilized, which gave the opportunity to gather advanced nursing inquiry, and generate new nursing knowledge. To obtain insight into the highs and lows in everyday interaction with patients, reflective practice stories are presented.  The thesis generated by this research is that care required by cancer patients at home goes beyond the scope of traditional community health. It requires nurses to be competent in technological skills as well as bringing in-depth expertise to the practical and human needs of people experiencing cancer. The role involves holistic, family-centered care; anticipating patient and family needs; educating; managing symptoms; advocating; confronting ethical issues; coordinating complex care; and monitoring progress.</p>

scholarly journals Challenges, Roles, and Axiology of Indonesian Digital Literacy During the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
putri tariza santiula ◽  
adinda restu tribhuana ◽  
anastasia amanda putri setiawan ◽  
adinda salwa
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Available P ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
The Government

Digital literacy is one of the new media, which has a vital role in Indonesian people's lives, especially during the pandemic. In this article, the author will discuss the challenges faced by the community in implementing digital literacy, the role and value of axiology contained in digital literacy during a pandemic. Indonesian society is expected to have good digital literacy skills to balance these urgent needs, especially during a pandemic. This article aims to increase public awareness of the importance of understanding digital literacy. Besides, make efforts to utilize digital literacy to the fullest and realize the challenges faced. This research method uses a combined approach. The results show that digital literacy is critical in various aspects and has axiological value. However, Indonesia still has several challenges implementing digital literacy during the pandemic. Therefore, the government and society are expected to work together to improve the ability and understanding of digital literacy. However, this article still needs to be reviewed further due to the limited data and time available.

scholarly journals A mixed-methods systematic review of the prevalence, reasons, associated harms and risk-reduction interventions of over-the-counter (OTC) medicines misuse, abuse and dependence in adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Algarni ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Hadi ◽  
Asma Yahyouche ◽  
Sajid Mahmood ◽  
Zahraa Jalal
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Harm Minimisation ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Otc Medicines

Abstract Background Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are typically safe. However, there is evidence that OTC medicines can sometimes cause harm as a result of their misuse, abuse and dependence. Aim of the review To review the literature on OTC medicines misuse, abuse and dependence in adults and identify the implicated medicines, contributing factors, associated harms and risk-mitigating interventions. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, electronic databases including Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched for peer-reviewed journal articles published in English between January 2011 and March 2019. Quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies assessing aspects of misuse, abuse and dependence of OTC medicines in individuals aged 18 years or more were included. Studies that solely focused on adolescents only, doping in sports or abuse of OTC medicines in people who are substance abusers were excluded. The random effect meta-analysis model was used to pool the prevalence among the population-based studies. Results Of 2355 peer-reviewed studies initially identified, 53 were included in this review. According to the study design, the prevalence varied, but the overall pooled prevalence in the population-based studies was: 16.2% for misuse, 2.0% for abuse, and 7.2% for dependence. The common OTC medicines groups involved in the problematic use were analgesics (with or without codeine), sedative antihistamines, cough mixtures containing dextromethorphan. Physical, psychological, social and financial harms were associated with problematic use of OTC medicines in addition to hospitalisation and death. Interventions for the affected individuals were provided mainly through the community pharmacies, general practices and specialised addiction centres. Conclusion The problematic use of OTC medicines is quite prevalent in adults, necessitating raising public awareness about their safe use. In addition, innovative harm minimisation models need to be developed, evaluated and implemented across health care settings.

scholarly journals Protection of Natural Wetlands through Landscape Design in Kigali City

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Tafahomi ◽  
Reihaneh Nadi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City

The city of Kigali has been experiencing rapid growth in recent years. The city enjoys a variety of natural features such as wetland, valley, hill, and great scenery, however, fast expansion of urban areas and human activities could pose a serious threat to the natural environment, and the ecological sustainability. While wetlands, as nature’s kidneys, bring obvious benefits to both ecology and the socioeconomic environment, they have currently faced several problems in Kigali, such as pollution and the risk of decline in the area. This research is aimed at protection of wetland areas through landscape design, which could have a positive influence on maintaining the natural balance of ecology, as well as citizens’ health and well-being. The site study was Kiyovu wetland as one of large wetlands playing a vital role in the city’s character and spatial structure. The research employed observation, questionnaire, and mapping techniques, and the random sample consisted of 37 residents, workers, passers-by, and young people. Findings revealed that safety, environmental issues, accessibility, recreational activities, and quality of the wetland, were significant factors in order of priority that respondents had stressed over the design of the wetland landscape concept. The proposed concept highlighted recreation areas and the connection with other wetlands and green areas as a whole in the city, and it was derived from survey, mapping the results of questionnaires, and feedback from participants. In conclusion, Kiyovu wetland has an enormous capacity to put the idea of green magnet into effect across the city. However, the protection of wetlands without 1. Site-specific ecological landscape plans representing strategic and design levels in periods of time, 2. Legal requirements, and 3. Public awareness about impacts of wetlands degradation would be far less effective. To set up a campaign and a task force to examine changes can make a huge difference to levels of progress and performance

scholarly journals KAJIAN KAMPANYE SOSIAL WORLD WILDLIFE FUND: THE LAST SELFIE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Egie E. Yusadhi ◽  
Alvanov Zpalanzani Mansoor
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Audience Engagement ◽  
World Wildlife Fund ◽  
Engagement Process ◽  
Endangered Animals

The cases of protecting endangered animals around the world are difficult to solve. Lack of public awareness of the survival of these animals become one of the contributing factors. Given the importance of the survival of these animals, World Wildlife Fund as a global fund-raising agency invitesDanish and turkey advertising agencies to create a social campaign where they invited millennials to donate their money to help the survival of endangered animals and comes up with #LastSelfie. It is social media based campaign using Snapchat which then integrated with other social media. This campaign generated 40,000 tweets in a week and meets donation goal in just three days. This is a descriptive explanative research which itspurpose is to find out whether #LastSelfie campaign through breaking the structure of campaign materials and depict its relationship with the aim of campaign based on copywriting and target audience Engagement Process in social media theory. Through the application of this concept which encompasses various aspects of the campaign, at the end of this writing, the authors concludes that #LastSelfie campaign corresponds to the process sequence of Engagement in social media — consuming, curation, creation, collaboration, through meticulous campaign naming, copywriting strategy, sharing among peers, and collaborative donation to help preserve endangered animals.

scholarly journals Glaucoma and its predictors among adult patients attending ophthalmic outpatient department: a hospital-based study, North West Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gashaw Mehiret Wubet ◽  
Abiyu Ayalew Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
North West ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Nearly 1.9% of global blindness is caused by glaucoma and this is sadly high in Africa which is around 15% and In Ethiopia, glaucoma is responsible for 5.2% of blindness. It is also the fifth cause of blindness in Ethiopia. Scarce information is available regarding glaucoma in Ethiopia; hence we determined the proportion of glaucoma and its associated factors in North West Ethiopia which will be utilized for future related researches and different stakeholders. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1/2020 to February 30/21 among 258 adults aged 40 and above years old. The participants were selected using the systematic random sampling technique. The data was collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Binary and Multi-variable logistic regressions were fitted to identify independent predictors of glaucoma. P-value less than 0.05 were used as a cutoff point for declaring statistical significance. Results The prevalence of glaucoma was 66(26%) with a 95% CI of 17.7, 35.4%). Individuals with Positive family history of glaucoma (AOR: 3.72, 95% CI: 1.03–3.53), age (AOR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.92–5.99) and elevated intraocular pressure (AOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.45–6.59) were statistically significant contributing factors for the development of glaucoma. Conclusion The study found a relatively high proportion of glaucoma in the study area, which is primarily a disease of the elderly. Age, elevated intraocular pressure, and positive family history of glaucoma was contributing factors for the emergence of glaucoma. Therefore, establishing public awareness programs about the identified risk factors for the prevention and early detection of cases is essential.

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