Contributory Factors for Obesity in Elderly: Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Raihan Ismail ◽  
Noor Aman Hamid
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contributory Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
Future Education

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity has been rising, adding to morbidity and mortality. As the proportion of elderly aged 60 years and above grows, so too the prevalence of obesity among this population. Obesity in the elderly is a rapidly growing public health concern as it contributes to significant changes in the health of older people. Objective: This review aims to assess the contributory factors for obesity in the elderly over the past decade. Methods: A literature search was conducted. The search was restricted to articles written in the English language published from 2008 to 2018. Qualitative studies were excluded. Results: A total of 19 full articles were retrieved, of which 18 cross-sectional and one cohort were included. The contributory factors were divided into three components: (a) socio demographic characteristics, (b) medical history and dietary factors and (c) environmental factors. Conclusions: This review informs an emerging knowledge regarding contributory factors for obesity and has implications for future education and program intervention in fighting obesity in the elderly.

scholarly journals The Role of New Technologies to Prevent Suicide in Adolescence: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Alberto Forte ◽  
Giuseppe Sarli ◽  
Lorenzo Polidori ◽  
David Lester ◽  
Maurizio Pompili
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
English Language ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and objectives: Suicide in adolescents represents a major public health concern. To date, a growing number of suicide preventive strategies based on the use of new technologies are emerging. We aimed to provide an overview of the present literature on the use of new technologies in adolescent suicide prevention. Materials and methods: An electronic search was run using the following keywords: Technology OR Technologies OR APP OR Application OR mobile application) AND (Adolescent OR youth OR puberty) AND (Suicid* OR Self-harm OR self-destruction). Inclusion criteria were: English language, published in a peer-reviewed journal, suicide prevention with the use of new technologies among adolescents. Results: Our search strategy yielded a total of 12 studies on the use of telemedicine, 7 on mobile applications, and 3 on language detection. We also found heterogeneity regarding the study design: 3 are randomized controlled trials (RCT), 13 are open-label single group trials, 2 are randomized studies, and 1 is a cross-sectional study. Telemedicine was the most adopted tool, especially web-based approaches. Mobile applications mostly focused on screening of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, and for clinical monitoring through the use of text messages. Although telepsychiatry and mobile applications can provide a fast and safe tool, supporting and preceding a face-to-face clinical assessment, only a few studies demonstrated efficacy in preventing suicide among adolescents through the use of these interventions. Some studies suggested algorithms able to recognize people at risk of suicide from the exploration of the language on social media posts. Conclusions: New technologies were found to be well accepted and tolerated supports for suicide prevention in adolescents. However, to date, few data support the use of such interventions in clinical practice and preventive strategies. Further studies are needed to test their efficacy in suicide prevention among adolescents and young adults.

scholarly journals How Dietary Factors Affect DNA Methylation: Lesson from Epidemiological Studies

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Martina Barchitta
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Public Health Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Over the past decades, DNA methylation has been proposed as a molecular mechanism underlying the positive or negative effects of diet on human health. Despite the number of studies on this topic is rapidly increasing, the relationship between dietary factors, changes in DNA methylation and health outcomes remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the literature from observational studies (cross-sectional, retrospective, or prospective) which examined the association of dietary factors (nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns) with DNA methylation markers among diseased or healthy people during the lifetime. Next, we discuss the methodological pitfalls by examining strengths and limitations of published studies. Finally, we close with a discussion on future challenges of this field of research, raising the need for large-size prospective studies evaluating the association between diet and DNA methylation in health and diseases for appropriate public health strategies.

scholarly journals Factors associated with overweight in children in Rasht, Iran: gender, maternal education, skipping breakfast and parental obesity

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshen Maddah ◽  
Bahareh Nikooyeh
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the determinants of overweight and obesity among 6- to 11-year-old schoolchildren in Rasht, Iran.DesignCross-sectional survey. Data on age, weekly frequency of skipping breakfast, physical activity and hours of television viewing were collected. Information on birth weight, parental age, parental educational levels, parental weight and height, and mother’s employment status were gathered through self-administrated questionnaires given to the parents.SettingElementary schools in Rasht.SubjectsA total of 6635 children (3551 boys and 3084 girls) attending elementary schools in Rasht were studied.ResultsThe overall prevalence of overweight was 11·5 % and 15·0 % for boys and girls, respectively; while the overall prevalence of obesity was 5·0 % and 5·9 %, respectively. Children with more educated mothers had a higher prevalence of overweight than children with less educated mothers. Logistic regression analysis showed that children with overweight/obese parents, children with more educated mothers and children who often skipped breakfast were more prone to overweight and obesity.ConclusionsThese data suggest that overweight and obesity is a public health concern in this age group in Rasht. The observed sex and social differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity call for policy makers’ attention.

scholarly journals Prevalence of abuse among the elderly population of Syangja, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Raj Acharya ◽  
B. K. Suman ◽  
Sandip Pahari ◽  
Yong Chul Shin ◽  
Deog Hwan Moon
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Elder abuse is recognized as a serious public health concern and top priority aging issues. World Health Organization reported that around 1 out of 6 old people in the world experienced some form of abuse. This study was carried out to find out the prevalence of different forms of abuse among elderly Nepalese people. Methods The cross-sectional, quantitative analytical study was carried out among 373 elders of the Syangja district of Nepal. The study population was selected through simple, proportionate, and systematic sampling methods. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Results The majority of participants were female (54.5%). The prevalence of elderly abuse was found to be 54.5%. The most common form of abuse among the elderly population was neglect (23.1%), psychological abuse (20.6%), physical abuse (6.5%), financial abuse (2.4%), and sexual abuse (1.9%). Elderly females were significantly more likely to experience physical and psychological abuse. Conclusion More than half of the elderly experienced at least one form of abuse. Neglect was found to be the most common form of abuse. The abuse was prevalent among elderly who were ill and with the habit of tobacco and alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of chronic Pain in the Chinese community-dwelling elderly: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiahui Li ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Jiping Li ◽  
Chan Huang ◽  
Fan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Chronic pain adversely affects health and daily life in the elderly. Gaining insight into chronic pain that affects the community-dwelling elderly is crucial for pain management in China, which possesses the largest elderly population in the world. Methods This is a cross-sectional design study that followed the STROBE Guideline. A randomized cluster sampling method was used to recruit participants in the Sichuan Province from Dec 2018 to May 2019. In addition, face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect socio-demographic data, characteristics and health-seeking behaviors of chronic pain through a self-designed questionnaire. Results A total of 1381 older adults participated in this study. Among these participants, 791 (57.3%) had chronic pain. Here, prevalence and pain intensity were both found to increase from the 60–69 group to the 70–79 group, which then decreased in the ≥80 group with no significant differences in sex (p > 0.05). The most common pain locations were observed in the legs/feet (53.5%), head (23.6) and abdomen/pelvis (21.1%). Among the elderly suffering from chronic pain, 29.4% sought medical help, 59.2% received medication and 59.7% adopted non-drug therapy. Conclusion Chronic pain is a common health concern in the Chinese community-dwelling elderly, which possesses different characteristics than other countries’ populations. Therefore, easier access to medication assistance and provision of scientific guidance for non-drug therapy may serve as satisfactory approaches in improving pain management.

scholarly journals Health concern affects egg consumption among older adults in Tamale Metropolis, Northern Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humphrey Garti ◽  
Anthony Wemakor ◽  
Emmanuella Akwalpua ◽  
Nawaf Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Tamale Metropolis ◽  
Good For

ABSTRACTBackgroundEggs are nutrient dense and rich source of quality protein and their consumption could significantly reduce incidence of chronic and infectious diseases especially in the elderly. This study determined egg consumption and factors that influence consumption among the elderly in Tamale metropolis.MethodsAnalytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 387 older adults 60 years and above. Data on egg consumption, nutritional knowledge and awareness of health implications of egg intake were collected using structured questionnaire. Relationships between egg consumption, nutritional knowledge and awareness of health effects of egg consumption were determined in bivariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsRespondents without awareness that egg intake increases risk of diseases were 10 times more likely to eat eggs compared to those who had awareness [Adjusted Odds Ratio 10.24; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 4.20 – 25.00; p= 0.001]. Respondents with awareness that egg consumption was bad for health were less likely to consume eggs compared to those who thought egg intake was good for health [AOR 0.02; 95 % CI, 0.01 – 0.05, p < 0.001].ConclusionEgg consumption was low among the study population and was affected by health concerns: awareness that egg consumption was not good for health and exposes them to the risk of certain diseases

scholarly journals Factors associated with domestic violence in the Lahu hill tribe of northern Thailand: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248587
Author(s):  
Nicharuch Panjaphothiwat ◽  
Ratipark Tamornpark ◽  
Tawatchai Apidechkul ◽  
Prapamon Seeprasert ◽  
Onnalin Singkhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Family Member ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hill Tribe

Background Domestic violence significantly affects physical and mental health, particularly among children, women, and the elderly. Living in certain family environments could lead to victimization by domestic violence, especially among families with a poor socioeconomic status, such as the Lahu hill tribe people in Thailand. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and determine the factors associated with domestic violence among Lahu children, women, and the elderly. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted of participants who belonged to the Lahu hill tribe and lived in 20 selected villages in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. A validated questionnaire was used to collect personal information and information regarding experiences related to domestic violence in the past year from children (aged 5–15 years), women (aged 16–59 years), and the elderly (aged 60 years and over). A binary logistic regression was used to detect associations between the variables. Results A total of 646 participants were recruited into the study, specifically, 98 children aged 5–15 years, 430 women aged 16–59 years, and 118 elderly people. Children who smoked (AOR = 8.70; 95%CI = 1.27–59.45) had greater odds of experiencing domestic violence than children who did not smoke. Women who had a role as a family member (AOR = 1.59; 95%CI = 1.02–2.50), used alcohol (AOR = 3.36; 95%CI = 2.27–4.99), lived in a family with financial problems (AOR = 4.01; 95%CI = 2.52–7.66), and lived with a family member who uses alcohol (AOR = 2.87; 95%CI = 2.20–5.63) had greater odds of suffering domestic violence than women who did not share these characteristics. The elderly who used alcohol (AOR = 3.25, 95%CI = 1.08–9.81), lived with a family member who uses alcohol (AOR = 3.31; 95%CI = 1.26–7.34), or lived in a family with financial problems in the past year (AOR = 2.16; 95%CI = 1.16–8.77) had greater odds of facing domestic violence than the elderly who did not have these characteristics. Conclusion Family financial problems and substance use are associated with domestic violence in Lahu families in Thailand. Health interventions to reduce the use of substances, including training programs to respond to domestic violence, should be promoted for Lahu children, women, and the elderly.

scholarly journals Falls and associated factors among elderly users of Primary Healthcare Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Scarlet Feitosa Santos ◽  
Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto ◽  
Natalia Akemi Yamada Terada ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Elderly Users

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the self-reported prevalence of falls among elderly users (older than 60 years) of the Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, primary healthcare services in the past six months and to identify associated factors. Data were collected from five healthcare districts by means of personal interviews with the users while they waited for the appointment. Log-binomial regression models adjusted for confounding variables and prevalence ratios were used to measure the association between independent and dependent variables. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), adapted to elderly, was used to assess their physical activity. A total of 357 adults were interviewed, with 62.7% being women and mean age of 69.9 years old. The prevalence rates of falls in the past six months were 19.6% (95%CI: 13.2–27.3) and 32.6% (95%CI: 26.4–39.2), respectively, for men and women. e prevalence of falls among users with lower level of physical activity was 2.3 times higher than that among those with higher level of physical activity (RP = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.4–3.8) after adjustment for gender, age group and socio-economical class. In conclusion, falls are frequent among the elderly and the practice of physical activities can improve their health condition, thus preventing the occurrence of falls.

Sensitivity and Specificity Analysis: Use of Emoticon for Screening of Depression in Elderly in Singapore

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Tan ◽  
Hui Jin Toh ◽  
Lai Kiow Sim ◽  
James Alvin Low
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Cutoff Scores

BACKGROUND: The current screening tools for depression can be tedious to administer, especially in the elderly population with hearing impairment and/or limited proficiency in English language. OBJECTIVES: To look at the feasibility of using emoticon as a screening and assessment tool for depression in the elderly. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHOD: A total of 77 elderly patients completed the study from June 2014 to August 2015 in a general geriatric outpatient clinic of an acute care hospital in Singapore. Patients rated their mood using an emoticon scale, which ranges from 1 ( most happy face) to 7 ( most sad face). Depression was assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria as the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity for depression were calculated for the cutoff scores from 1 to 7 on the emoticon scale. RESULTS: The sensitivity percentages were low across all cutoff scores. The specificity was more than 90% for the cutoff score of 5 and above on the emoticon scale. However, all the patients who had depression diagnosed using the DSM-IV criteria did not have emoticon scores of 5 and above. CONCLUSIONS: The emoticon scale was easy to use, but its effectiveness in the screening of depression in the elderly needs to be explored further. The inability to use the emoticon scale as a tool may be the lack of measurements in the other domains of the DSM-IV criteria (sleep, energy, appetite, etc.), rather than failure of the emoticon scale to assess mood.

Investigation of Health-Related Consequences of Landmine Explosions During the Past 4 Decades (1979-2016): A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Kurdistan, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-328
Author(s):  
Soraya Fathollahi ◽  
Arezoo Yari ◽  
Farin Fatemi ◽  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Farzam Bidarpoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Gathering ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Antipersonnel Landmines ◽  
Health Related

ABSTRACTObjectives:Landmines remain a potential public health concern in the western and southern border regions of Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related consequences of landmine explosions in Kurdistan Province during the past 4 decades.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Kurdistan Province of Iran in 2016-2017. The data gathering process was questionnaire based. Survivors, or a member of the deceased’s family, were interviewed, and 410 questionnaires were completed. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive or analytical tests in SPSS software V.22.Results:Antipersonnel landmines caused death immediately after the explosion 32.1% of the time, and 67.9% survived with various disabilities, such as blindness, deafness, and limb amputation. Sixty-three percent of the injuries were related to limb amputation, which was the most prevalent injury among survivors. The adjusted regression test revealed a significant relationship between severity of injury and variables such as living in the villages, education, and occupation (P-value < 0.05).Conclusions:Recognizing the mined areas and intensifying clearance measures are crucial for Kurdistan Province. Providing landmine awareness programs is likely to yield useful results in reducing casualties. Also, landmine survivors should have access to physical and social rehabilitation programs.

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