scholarly journals PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MELT SPUN POLY (Ԑ-CAPROLACTONE) FIBERS HAVING DIFFERENT CROSS SECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Figen SELLI ◽  
Ümit Halis ERDOĞAN
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Melt Spun

Abstract: Poly (ԑ-caprolactone) (PCL) is a member of petrochemical raw material based biodegradable polyesters. Numerous studies have applied electrospinning, wet spinning and melt spinning techniques for processing fibers from PCL and its copolymers. The thermoplastic nature, low melting point and high extensibility of PCL makes it a good candidate for processing with melt-spinning method which is an economic and environment friendly fiber production process. Several studies have investigated the production of PCL fibers via melt-spinning; however, there is still significant room for improvement in process parameters and fiber properties. Therefore, in this study, we used different spin pack designs, extrusion and drawing parameters for the melt spinning of neat PCL filaments. Melt-spun solid and hollow multifilaments having smooth surfaces were successfully produced by using a lab-scale melt spinning device. Crystallinity of multifilaments remained unchanged in terms of production parameters. Tensile test results suggest that PCL filaments can be produced using various types of spin packs with decent mechanical properties by means of melt spinning. Hollow structure can extend the field of application of fibers in medical appicatios by taking the advabtage of its carrier properties.

scholarly journals Characterization of Dried Noodles From Local Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) Seed Flour

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S7) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Durian Seed

Durian seed flour contains nutritional chemical compound for consumption, especially carbohydrate and minerals that can be used as a substitution of wheat flour in various food products. Food diversification was conducted by utilizing natural resources through various steps such as processing durian seed flour as wheat flour replacement that fulfills the requirements of SNI (Standard Nasional Indonesia/ Indonesia National Standard) of wheat flour. The aim of this study was to utilize durian seed flour as a substitute for wheat flour in the manufacture of dry noodles. As a result, the durian seed flour can be used as an alternative raw material in various high nutritional food products and can help support food security. The results showed that durian seed flour contains 10.78% water, 4.45% ash, 8.97% protein, 0.52% fat, and 75.28% carbohydrate. Dry noodles made from durian seed flour based on organoleptic test results from panelists contained 2.46% water, 1.51% ash, 8.86% protein, 35.80% fat, and 51.37% carbohydrate. In Conclusion that the durian seed flour characteristics fulfill the SNI requirement of wheat flour and can be used as raw material for various food products such as dry noodles.

Microstructural Characterization of Rapidly Solidified Al-High Si Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 1545-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen V. Atkinson ◽  
Faraj Alshmri ◽  
S.V. Hainsworth ◽  
S.D.A. Lawes
Keyword(s):  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Primary Silicon ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aluminium Content ◽  
Solidification Processing ◽  
Silicon Alloys ◽  
Wheel Side ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

Aluminium silicon alloys are the most used raw material for automotive applications. One of the main limitations on using aluminium high silicon alloys is the formation of coarse brittle phases under conventional solidification conditions. However, rapid solidification processing (RS) (for example, through melt spinning) is very effective in limiting the coarsening of primary silicon due to the high cooling rate. In the present work, characterisation of the material at the first stage of production as melt-spun ribbon and flake has been carried out. The microstructures show typical characteristics of a ‘featureless zone’ on the wheel-side and coarser microstructures on the air-side, with clusters of silicon particles evident. At high magnification, on the wheel-side, TEM and FEGSEM reveal local variations in the silicon and aluminium content (although on average there is no macrosegregation from the wheel-side to the air-side during solidification). In FEGSEM, the ‘rosette-structure’ also displays local variations in Al, Si, Fe, Cu and Ni over a scale of a few microns.

Characterization of Melt Spun Cu-Nb Ribbons

1994 ◽  
Vol 362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Ling Henne ◽  
Fereshteh Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Melt Spun ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

AbstractMicrostructure of rapidly solidified Cu-5wt%Nb ribbons produced by melt spinning was investigated by SEM and TEM techniques. Two heat treatments were done: 960°C 1 hour and 900° 3 hours. The microstructures contained three different type particles: (a)large particles located at the grain boundary, (b)small spherical particles located within the grains and at the grain boundaries, and (c)fine precipitates formed upon heat treatment. The evolution of the microstructure is discussed with regard to the previously reported studies.

scholarly journals Treatment and Characterization of Kenaf for Nonwoven and Woven Applications

2000 ◽  
Vol os-9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1558925000OS-90
Author(s):  
Chongwen Yu ◽  
Weiying Tao ◽  
Timothy A. Calamari
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bundle ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Kenaf Fibers ◽  
Kenaf Bast

A kenaf bast fiber is comprised of a bundle of single fibers bound by lignin and pectins. It offers the advantages of being renewable, biodegradable and environmentally safe. However, it is difficult to process kenaf fibers because of the coarseness, stiffness and low cohesion of the fiber bundles. In this research, kenaf fiber bundles have been treated by both alkaline sulfide and a modified chemical degumming methods to improve fiber properties. Tensile properties, fineness, length and softness of the kenaf fiber bundles after the treatments were determined. It was found that both treatments improved the fiber fineness, softness and elongation; however, fiber bundle strength was decreased. The modified chemical degumming method was more effective. Under the optimum modified chemical degumming condition, the fineness of the kenaf fiber bundle was improved more than 50% and the fiber bundle was more than twice as soft as the raw material. These kenaf fiber bundles were much finer and softer and found to be easier to process than those obtained in earlier studies. The treated kenaf fiber bundles can be blended with cotton fibers and easily carded on a cotton card with minimum losses. The carded batts can be further processed for either nonwoven or woven applications.

Preparing and Characterization of Hollow Ceramic Microspheres

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Liang Liu ◽  
Bao Cai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Structure ◽  
Hollow Microsphere ◽  
The Self ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Static Electricity ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Comprehensive Performance ◽  
Similar Sphere

The hollow microsphere is a kind of new materials. It has a bright future for its excellent comprehensive performance. This article introduces a high-temperature synthetic technology on the basis of SHS to prepare new hollow ceramic microspheres. Reaction mechanism of hollow ceramic microspheres was studied. Results show that sphere, similar sphere and irregular powders constitute the spraying products. Sphere and similar sphere powders are hollow structure. Besides it also recommend the self-made equipments of collection that adopts three kinds of collections methods of static electricity, water and filter net. The total rate of collection raised above 80%.The effect is good. The hollow microsphere were analyzed through SEM and XRD, the hollow microsphere is regular spheroid or type spheroid.the size of the hollow microsphere is abort Similar. Its diameter is 20 μm or so. The equipments that experiment needs is simple, vivid craft and strong adaptability and respond that raw material and manufacturing circulate cost cheap.

scholarly journals Study of Physicochemical Characteristics of Kaolin from Belitung Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nurul Izzah Pasi ◽  
Marline Abdassah Bratadireja ◽  
Anis Yohana Chaerunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Brightness

Kaolin is one of the abundant clay minerals on earth which has been widely used in various industries. kaolin as a raw material in drugs manufacturing must comply several requirements in Pharmacopoeia such as not exceeding the heavy metal content limits. In this study the analysis of heavy metal content (Pb, Sn, and As) was carried out on natural kaolin obtained from 3 different locations in Belitung regency. Testing of the brightness and particle size is also carried out to increase the value of kaolin as a pharmaceutical excipient. The highest recovery from kaolin was obtained in sample 3 which was 67.78%, while kaolin 1 and 2 which was 66.54, and 64.20%. Based on the results of heavy metal testing it is known that kaolin 1, 2, and 3 have a Pb content of 55.2, 0.0458 and 44.0 ppm, and As content of 1.05, 78.3, and 0.761 ppm. Whereas the Sn mean metal is only found in kaolin 2 which is 0.0034. White degree test results show that kaolin 1, 2 and 3 have a high brightness, namely 92.94%, 93.00%, 91.16%. From the results of particle size testing shows that all kaolin samples have size <2 μm.Keywords: Characterization of Minerals, Heavy Metals, Kaolin

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Sifat Fisikokimia, Sensori, Dan Fungsional Nasi Instan Dari Beras Amilosa Rendah

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kirana Sanggrami Sasmitaloka ◽  
Sri Widowati ◽  
Ermi Sukasih
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Alternative Processes

<p>Gaya hidup masyarakat di zaman modern dituntut untuk bergerak cepat termasuk dalam menyiapkan makanan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari alternatif proses untuk mempercepat pengolahan beras dengan tetap mempertahankan nilai gizinya. Beras amilosa rendah memerlukan waktu pemasakan yang cepat dengan tekstur yang pulen sehingga cocok digunakan sebagai bahan baku nasi instan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakteristik fisikokimia, sensori, dan fungsionalnya nasi instan dari beras amilosa rendah. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah beras Sintanur. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan perlakuan suhu pembekuan (-4oC dan -20oC) dan waktu pembekuan (12, 18, dan 24 jam), diulang empat kali. Proses produksi nasi instan menggunakan beras kadar amilosa rendah terdiri dari perendaman dalam larutan natrium sitrat 5% (1:2), pencucian, pengaronan, pemasakan menggunakan rice cooker, pendinginan pada suhu -20oC selama 24 jam, thawing, dan pengeringan. Hasil analisa ragam (ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa suhu pembekuan, waktu pembekuan, dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan fungsional. Nasi instan memiliki karakteristik waktu rehidrasi 3,19 menit, densitas kamba 0,50 g/ml, rendemen 96,80%, daya serap air 48,73% dan volume pengembangan 154,99%. Nasi instan mengandung kadar air 12,39%, kadar abu 0,67% (bk), kadar lemak 0,18% (bk), kadar protein 0,88% (bk), kadar karbohidrat 90,28% (bk), kadar amilosa 17,28%, dan daya cerna pati 62,37%. Hasil uji sensori menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan uji kruskal-wallis (p&gt;5%) panelis menyukai warna, rasa, tekstur, aroma, dan penampakan nasi instan pada perlakuan pembekuan suhu -20oC selama 24 jam.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Characterization of Physicochemical, sensory, and fungtional Properties of instant rice from low amylose rice.</strong></p><p>In the modern lifestyle people are required to move quickly, including in preparing food. Therefore, alternative processes should be sought to accelerate rice processing while maintaining its nutritional value. This research aimed to produce instant rice using low amylose content with their physicochemical, sensory, and functional characteristics. Raw material used was Sintanur rice. The experiment was conducted in complete randomized design of factorial with treatments of freezing temperature (-20 and -4<sup>o</sup>C) and duration (12, 18, and 24 hour), with four replications. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that between freezing temperature and duration were significantly different of their physicochemical and functional characteristics (p&lt;0.05). Instant rice production process using low amylose rice consist of soaking in 5% sodium citrate solution (1: 2), washing, staining, cooking using a rice cooker, freezing at -20<sup>o</sup>C for 24 hours, thawing, and drying. Characteristics of instant rice produced were rehydration time of 3.19 minutes, bulk density of 0,50 g/ml, yield of 96,80%, water absorption of 48,73%, and volume expansion of 154,99%. This product contained of 12,39% moisture, 0,67% ash (db), 0,18% fat (db), 0,88% protein (db), 90,28% carbohydrate (db), 17,28 amylose, and 62,37% starch digestibility.  Sensory test results showed that the panelists liked the color, taste, texture, aroma, and appearance of instant rice.</p>

Rapidly Solidified Melt-spun Bi-Sn Ribbons: Surface Composition Issues

2016 ◽  
pp. 3287-3297
Author(s):  
Tarek El Ashram ◽  
Ana P. Carapeto ◽  
Ana M. Botelho do Rego
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Melt Spun ◽  
Bismuth Alloy ◽  
The One ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Melt Spinning Technique

Tin-bismuth alloy ribbons were produced using melt-spinning technique. The two main surfaces (in contact with the rotating wheel and exposed to the air) were characterized with Optical Microscopy and AFM, revealing that the surface exposed to the air is duller (due to a long-range heterogeneity) than the opposite surface. Also the XPS chemical composition revealed many differences between them both on the corrosion extension and on the total relative amounts of tin and bismuth. For instance, for the specific case of an alloy with a composition Bi-4 wt % Sn, the XPS atomic ratios Sn/Bi are 1.1 and 3.7 for the surface in contact with the rotating wheel and for the one exposed to air, respectively, showing, additionally, that a large segregation of tin at the surface exists (nominal ratio should be 0.073). This segregation was interpreted as the result of the electrochemical process yielding the corrosion products.

scholarly journals Rheological Characterization of a Concentrated Phosphate Slurry

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Souhail Maazioui ◽  
Abderrahim Maazouz ◽  
Fayssal Benkhaldoun ◽  
Driss Ouazar ◽  
Khalid Lamnawar
Keyword(s):  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rheological Characterization ◽  
Phosphate Ore ◽  
Insoluble Particles ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Solid Liquid

Phosphate ore slurry is a suspension of insoluble particles of phosphate rock, the primary raw material for fertilizer and phosphoric acid, in a continuous phase of water. This suspension has a non-Newtonian flow behavior and exhibits yield stress as the shear rate tends toward zero. The suspended particles in the present study were assumed to be noncolloidal. Various grades and phosphate ore concentrations were chosen for this rheological investigation. We created some experimental protocols to determine the main characteristics of these complex fluids and established relevant rheological models with a view to simulate the numerical flow in a cylindrical pipeline. Rheograms of these slurries were obtained using a rotational rheometer and were accurately modeled with commonly used yield-pseudoplastic models. The results show that the concentration of solids in a solid–liquid mixture could be increased while maintaining a desired apparent viscosity. Finally, the design equations for the laminar pipe flow of yield pseudoplastics were investigated to highlight the role of rheological studies in this context.

Optimization and characterization of flavonoids extracted from Cannabis sativa fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110277
Author(s):  
Qilu Cui ◽  
Jiawei Li ◽  
Chongwen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Degumming Process

In this paper, the extraction process of flavonoids from hemp fibers was studied. Response surface methodology (RSM) analysis of the extraction parameters indicated that optimized results would be ethanol concentration 76 vol.%, bath ratio 1:50, and reaction time 139 min; therefore, an optimal extraction rate of flavonoids of 0.2275% can be obtained. The chemical structure, surface morphology and element composition of flavonoid extracts were analyzed. The test results indicated that hemp extract contains flavonoids, which can be used to extract flavonoids from hemp fiber, so as to comprehensively develop hemp fiber and reduce the discharge of waste liquid in the traditional degumming process.

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