scholarly journals STRATEGIC ASPECTS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF FOREIGN AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Viktor Hanin ◽  
Svitlana Borokh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Activity Management ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Activity Strategy

Introduction. The role and importance of foreign economic activity on both the macro and microeconomic levels is increasing in the conditions of globalization of the world economy and international economic relations. The problem of creation of an effective system of management of foreign economic activity in the enterprise becomes especially actual nowadays. Purpose. The article aims to study the theoretical aspects of effective directions of enterprise functioning on the foreign markets. These aspects should be based on the development and implementation of the foreign economic activity strategy. It will allow the company to survive in the long-term competition. Results. The article deals with the basic concepts of foreign economic activity management, the essence and process of its organization in the enterprise. The essence of the foreign economic activity strategy in the economic sphere of activity has been considered. The necessity of its development at the enterprises has been proved. It has been concluded that the success of the enterprise increasingly depends on the rationally organized foreign economic activity vector. Therefore, today an extremely important role belongs to the improvement of the organizational structure of enterprise activity management in order to increase the efficiency of the economic entity in the foreign market and the ability to react quickly and adapt to changes in the external environment. The practical significance of conclusions of the research is that they can be used in making managerial decisions and developing measures to improve the efficiency of foreign economic activity in the enterprise.

RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CUSTOMS POLICY MECHANISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
V.N. Glaz ◽  
◽  
V.I. Berezhnoy ◽  
T.G. Martseva ◽  
E.V. Berezhnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Control ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The One

The mechanism of public policy in the regulation of public relations is built on the skillful combination of prohibitions of restrictions on the one hand, and laxity and opportunities on the other. But weakening state control may increase the level of risk to relationships. This is most clearly evident in international economic relations, where not only individual States that assume responsibility by becoming parties to conventions, agreements and treaties, but also individuals and entities that do not always support the policy of the State in the practice of implementing signed contracts, are parties. Russia pays special attention to a reasonable combination of the country’s economic interests and common interests within the framework of integration associations. The Russian customs authorities, represented by the Federal Customs Service, are one of the agents of state policy in this regard. The purpose of the activity is not only to administer the revenues from foreign economic activity to the budget, but also to protect the economic interests of the state, the participants of the foreign economic activity, professional intermediaries and individual consumers. Therefore, the development of a comprehensive policy of monitoring and assessment of customs risks will reduce the efforts of customs authorities to prevent possible offenses, and thus protect the interests of participants in foreign trade at any level.

The Russian Empire and the Countries of the African Continent: From the First Contacts to Regular Economic Interaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Aigul R. Nurieva ◽  
◽  
Marat Z. Gibadullin ◽  
Diana I. Zainutdinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Empire

The current state of the world economy is characterized by instability and mobility. In the context of a protracted crisis, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic, competitive contradictions between the leading actors in international economic relations and world politics are exacerbating. Each of them is trying to fix the positions they have won in the world arena, resorting to the tools of economic and military diplomacy to achieve their strategic goals. The confrontation between old and new world leaders of the world economy is being transferred not only to traditional markets, but also to new ones, which were previously on the periphery of their economic interests. The African continent today, like in the nineteenth century, attracts more and more close attention of the leading states of the world. Rich in natural resources, it becomes an arena for the struggle for control over it from the United States, China, and European countries. Taking into account the fact that for Russia the field of foreign economic activity has significantly narrowed in recent years, its return to Africa should become one of the priorities of the national foreign economic strategy. In the above context, it seems relevant to comprehensively study the stages of development of economic relations between Russia and African countries and, based on historical experience, to identify the shortcomings and failures of economic policy in relations with African partners. When writing the article, the authors used general scientific research methods, primarily the dialectical method of cognition, the logical and historical method, deduction and induction, and mathematical methods. In the course of the study, the following results were achieved. (1) Based on the analysis of historical documents, the nature of the economic relations of the Russian Empire with African countries at various stages of their evolution has been determined. It has been established that, at the initial stage of interaction, Russia, in its desire to establish economic contacts with the states in the region, relied on the principle of respect for their sovereignty as independent states, independent subjects of international economic relations; however, at the following stage, associated with the beginning of the colonial division of Africa by the European powers, Russia was forced to passively participate in the colonial aggression against the countries of the region, entering into international agreements with the colonialists on the status of African countries. (2) Based on the processing of statistical data on the foreign trade of the Russian Empire with African countries and territories, a tendency has been revealed that characterizes the gradual curtailment of Russia’s economic activity in this region.

scholarly journals THE POSITION OF THE FINANCIAL COMPONENT IN THE PARADIGM OF MODERN ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Flissak ◽  
Darya Glukhova
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Diplomacy ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact

At the beginning of the 21st century, most subjects of international economic relations announced a course to liberalize the world economy both as a whole and as its individual components. At the same time, under the influence of geopolitical and geo-economic aspirations, state instruments of a protectionist nature were increasingly used. Global economic development has become a hostage to such processes. In such circumstances, the efficiency of individual business entities has begun to decline. Innovative tools were needed to prevent this. One of them was economic diplomacy, which has acquired a special role in providing the promotion of the interests of both national economies as a whole and their individual subjects. At the same time, economic diplomacy itself covers different areas of economic activity and not all of them are investigated to the same extent. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the financial component of economic diplomacy in modern conditions, the specifics of its formation and development, aimed at improving the national system of promoting national interests both within the state and abroad. To achieve this goal, the research is focused on the following tasks: to consider and analyze the theoretical basis of the financial component of economic diplomacy, to highlight its manifestations in various forms of international economic relations, to determine the main imperatives of state support for international investment partnership. Special attention is paid to the issues of external borrowing and the movement of public debt funds from the point of view of the influence of economic diplomacy on them. Based on the results of this review, a whole number of theoretical conclusions were made, which at the same time establish the basis for further research of the considered problem. Methodology. In the process of preparing the article, methods of scientific abstraction, observation, analysis and synthesis, generalization, as well as statistical and economic methods were used to assess a number of financial and economic indicators of state development in order to identify the weaknesses and prospects for the impact of economic diplomacy tools on them. The information and analytical base for the study are materials and analytical reports of international organizations dealing with the issues under consideration (UNCTAD, IMF, World Bank), regulatory and statistical data of state authorities of Ukraine and the United States, the results of scientific research of modern scientists from different countries. The results of the study show that providing the proper efficiency of foreign economic activity requires the use of a set of tools to promote and support its subjects. Economic diplomacy plays a significant role in this sphere. The development level of international economic relations actualizes the justification of the modern paradigm of the financial component, mechanisms for applying the tools of economic diplomacy in financial issues. All this requires a clear delineation and structuring of object-by-object areas and directions of efforts. Only on this basis, an effective mechanism for implementing the financial component of economic diplomacy can be formed. The practical implications of the scientific research are to find out the current state of economic diplomacy mechanisms in the financial sphere, trends in their development, and potential consequences for other states (including Ukraine). Value/originality. The studied mechanisms and practice of using economic diplomacy in the sphere of the financial component, in particular in issues of interstate investment partnership, external government borrowing, and work with public debt deserve attention from the relevant state structures of Ukraine on the implementation of tools and standards of economic diplomacy in this area. In addition, this study can serve as a basis for further research, since the considered problem contains the significant potential for further investigations in subsequent scientific publications.

WAYS TO IMPROVE FEA MANAGEMENT OF DOMESTIC VERTICALLY INTEGRATED COMPANIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Tolpezhnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Activity Management ◽  
The Way

Today the problem of an effectively functioning sphere of foreign economic activity both in Ukraine and in the international community is quite relevant, as such activities are carried out in today's global environment, which sets strict requirements for product quality, scientific and technological innovation and compliance with international standards. In modern conditions of society development, one of the main factors that helps to determine the competitiveness of the enterprise is the degree of growth of the foreign economic development system. The research used general theoretical methods of scientific knowledge: synthesis, deduction, induction and other methods. The article is devoted to topical issues of foreign economic activity management of domestic vertically integrated companies in modern conditions. Steps on the way of simplifying the procedures for customs clearance of goods have been considered, a detailed study and definition of a clear system of transition and further interaction of the enterprise with the new web portal and customs are required. The mechanism of implementation of foreign economic activity management at a vertically integrated type enterprise is analyzed. Were reviewed of the peculiarities of the creation and implementation of the "Single Window for International Trade". The importance of improving the professional level of foreign economic activity and the introduction of innovative aspects to improve the efficiency of vertically integrated companies was emphasized. The main steps on the way of improving the conduct of foreign economic activity by export-oriented enterprises in Ukraine, both on the part of the state and on the part of the enterprise. In order to improve foreign policy and select the most priority areas of development, it is necessary to implement a number of measures aimed at developing both research and development and research and innovation infrastructure and scientific and technical integration of the enterprise, which will provide results such as: leadership in indicators innovation activity in Ukraine; development and use of modern technologies that allow the production of new types of products; creation of new technologies based on energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. Practical significance of the obtained results: the sequence of actions of the vertically integrated company for increase of efficiency of foreign economic activity, the best perspective ways of development is offered, offers on improvement of foreign policy are developed.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONALIZATION AS AN OBJECTIVE CONDITIONS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Kokorina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Business ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
International Economic Relations

The article grounds the objective conditions for the formation of the process of internationalization in the system of international economic relations as a process of social production beyond national borders due to the international division of labor. The author identifies and explaines characteristics as diversification, diversity, extensiveness, contradiction, unity, synergy, integrity and intensity, of current trends in international economic relations, namely internationalization, transnationalization, economic integration, differentiation, globalization, global integration in the formation of global economic environment. The difference between internationalization and globalization as processes conserning the evolution of economic relations between countries is explained. The main distinguishing feature between the two processes can be considered the level of preservation of national sovereignty. The levels (stages) of the internationalization process at the micro level of international business operations are determined, as well as the development of business internationalization at each stage. They are the initial stage, the stage of local market expansion, the transnational stage and the global stage. While developing internationalization, the forms of international business are changing (becoming more complicated) – from the international trade to the global company. The article highlights the main objects of economic internationalization of international business development: the sphere of exchange of production results; the sphere of exchange of factors of production; the scope of the actual production process. There are three stages of international business development in accordance with the objects of economic internationalization of international business development. At the first stage the main sphere of international business is the export-import activity of a private company in the foreign market, at the second stage the main sphere becomes the system of international movement of financial resources, at the third one there is the development of entrepreneurial activity in global competition.

scholarly journals Statistical Estimation of Export-Import of Goods by the Subjects of Foreign Economic Activity of Dnipropetrovsk Region by the Number of Employees in 2015–2018

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Oxana Yelisyeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Statistical Estimation ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Main Partner ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Further Development

Studying the volume of export-import of goods in Ukraine as a whole helps to understand the general situation on the foreign market, to analyze changes in the dynamics of geographical and commodity structures of trade, to identify the main partner countries and to compare data between them, and to identify the role of the regions of Ukraine in foreign trade and determine the share of each of them in the overall structure of export-import of goods. However, in order to study in detail the directions of exports and the needs of imported goods to meet the domestic needs of the population of Ukraine, it is advisable to analyze foreign trade of region, as it will allow to more accurately analyze the number of producers of exported products in a certain region and the list of goods that need to be imported to meet the needs of the population in the specific area. The article deals with the issues related to the activity of the subjects of foreign economic activity in Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine and their dynamics for 2015-2018. The number of foreign economic operators in the region by the number of employees in 2018 was determined to further analyze the situation of the region and the level of production of products that meet the standards for exporting them to the foreign market. Changes in the number of economic entities in the region over the specified period and the main product groups manufactured in the region and, accordingly, exported to Dnipropetrovsk region have been analyzed. The structure of participants of foreign economic activity in the region has been presented and the results of statistical analysis of dynamic changes have been offered with the help of the graphical method of data presentation. The results of the study can be applied in the analysis of socio-economic development of regions and regional development of Ukraine as a whole. The presented data on foreign trade statistics of goods by economic entities by the number of employees in the regional section make it possible to estimate the participation of certain regions in the international activity of Ukraine and to determine the prospects for further development of the regions of Ukraine. Keywords: foreign economic activity, goods, regions, Dnipropetrovsk region, economic entity, employees, export, import, size of enterprise.

scholarly journals FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF UKRAINE: FISCAL CONSEQUENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Dermanska
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign economic activity in the development of international economic relations and identifies the impact of the taxation system on the import of goods into Ukraine on the fiscal consequences for domestic priorities. In particular, it is analyzed the share of VAT on imported goods in the structure of state budget revenues for 2016-December 2020, the dynamics of excise tax on goods imported into Ukraine and depending on the object of taxation in 2019, the volume and share of import duties in the structure revenues of the State budget. Particular attention is paid to issues related to the filling of the budget, namely, attention is focused on the structure of objects from which excise tax was paid on imports. In particular, the importance of such tools for regulating foreign economic activity as import duties is revealed, but its share in the structure of customs duties is not the most significant, and VAT charges significantly exceed revenues from customs duties on imports. It is emphasized that the priority task to overcome the existing contradictions in the field of foreign trade should be the introduction of an effective and adequate to the requirements of the time model of foreign economic activity. Because, as the results of a study of the activities of domestic enterprises - subjects of foreign economic activity show, the current model is outdated and inefficient and can not ensure the development of this area. The current state of affairs requires a number of sound management decisions backed by political will and economic expediency, and most importantly, not only in the field of fiscal policy. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of Ukraine's foreign economic activity in the development of international economic relations and determining the impact of value added tax, excise tax and duties on fiscal consequences for domestic priorities allows us to determine that for a full-fledged solution of this range of issues requires a comprehensive approach and the formation of an appropriate strategy, the fundamental basis of which should be the concept of ensuring the fiscal interests of the state.

scholarly journals CONCEPTS AND ESSENCE OF CUSTOMS PROCEDURES IN ACCORDANCE WITH LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
V. V. Dudchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
The State ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

International trade is one of the main forms of international economic relations, so the contradictions arising from the customs clearance of goods have a significant negative impact on each country separately, and on the world economy in general. In this regard, the need to bring customs procedures to EU standards is not in doubt. Integration processes in the customs sphere make a significant contribution to the economic development of countries. In recent years, Ukraine has made good progress in the liberalization of traderegimes, this also applies to customs procedures. Procedures of customs control and customs clearance of goods transported across the customs border of Ukraine are uniform and regulated by the relevant legal acts. The essence of customs procedures is that they reflect the relevant conditions that must be observed in respect of goods placed under the relevant procedure. Also, with its help, the subjects of foreign economic activity exercise their rights and obligations in the customs sphere. In a broad sense, the customs procedure is a regulatory system, internally structured by legal relations, focused on achieving a specific legal result and consisting of relevant customs elements that successively change each other. In a narrow format, customs procedures are considered as a set of rules that define for customs purposes the requirements and conditions of possession, use and (or) disposal of goods in the customs territory of the customs union or abroad. Each customs procedure is a set of requirements stipulated by: the order of customs control of goods, customs clearance of goods and the peculiarity of collection (payment) of customs duties, the conditions of which depend on the purpose, form and conditions of their movement (that is, a certain customs regime). Knowledge of their legal nature and their implementation in full and in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation contributes to the strengthening of the customs policy of the state, the completeness of customs payments and reduces or even eliminates the possibility of transportation of contraband into the territory of the state. It should be noted that the effectiveness of customs procedures is determined by the balance of interests of the state and participants of foreign economic activity.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF EXPORT ACTIVITY OF THE COMPANY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Export Activity ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Market Competitiveness

The concepts of “summary”, “result”, “effect”, “effectiveness and efficiency” are de-grouped. In general, «effectiveness» is a relative indicator characterizing the degree of achievement by the economic entity of the goal in one or more areas and all its economic activity at a certain point in time, that is, it is a cumulative result of the activities of the business entity. While “efficiency” is a relative indicator that characterizes the positive dynamics of the development of a business entity at a certain point in time and is equal to the relative of the result or effect to the costs that caused its receipt. The criteria of efficiency of functioning of the enterprise are considered, namely: effectiveness, introduction of innovations, efficiency, quality of working conditions, product quality. It is noted that the improvement of the efficiency of foreign trade operations is associated with the effectiveness of the use of the company’s assets, its funds, the implementation of investment processes, the achievement of high-quality products, etc. It was emphasized that the smaller the domestic market for the products of this enterprise, the more important it becomes to enter foreign markets. The effectiveness of foreign trade operations depends on the stage of their planning and preliminary preparation for implementation and is evaluated through financial analysis. The following algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of foreign economic activity of the enterprise is presented: preparatory stage; design stage; analytical stage. To evaluate the export activity of the enterprise, it is proposed to use the following indicators: export growth rate, share of sales costs on foreign markets in total sales costs, share of profit from export sales in the total volume of profit from exporter’s sale, profitability of exported products, profitability of sales on the foreign market, competitiveness of products on the foreign market. For the analysis of the export activity of the enterprise in the literature, the following approach is proposed: a preliminary review of general indicators; analysis of the contract portfolio for export deliveries; analysis of the volume of sales of products for export; analysis of capital use in the implementation of export activities; effectiveness of export activities.

scholarly journals Model of analysis of the evolution of international economic exchanges

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-75
Author(s):  
Constantin Anghelache ◽  
Gabriela Victoria Anghelache ◽  
Mădălina-Gabriela Anghel
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
European Union ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Domestic Activity ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Exchanges

Abstract The economic activity of a country is achieved both by domestic activity and by international economic and technical-scientific exchanges. International commercial activity is a necessary one nowadays. This is because there is no state capable of performing an autarchic activity. Regardless of of the technical, scientific, resource, and level of development, any state needs to participate in international economic, technical and scientific exchanges. Through international economic exchanges, the need for resources, means of production, labor resources or goods and services is completed. Also in this economic activity of international exchanges is realized the capitalization of surplus production, goods and services, surplus fixed capital, which is offered for export or as a possibility of cooperation in international projects. Thus, the activity of international exchanges is a necessity for each state. Under the conditions of the European Union, in which Romania is a member, there are a number of facilities and in this respect they are being implemented or are being implemented under the European Directive on trade without borders. In this respect, between the Community countries, in the exchange of goods and services, protection measures such as the import tax are no longer practiced and VAT is no longer charged. The international economic exchanges are a significant role in the final result materialized in the level of gross domestic product achieved in each period of time. The countries that import and do it to supplement domestic needs means that they spend part of the value realized in domestic activity to make imports. The exports are made with surplus goods and services that go to other states. In the European Union there are intra-community economic exchanges, complemented by extra-community international economic relations. The authors have studied this aspect and have found that intra-community economic relations have developed more intensively than non-EU economic relations over the last period. In other respects, states are grouped into two categories, ie states with surplus international economic relations, ie states that export more than imports and the second group, countries with activities in the international deficient relations, which imports more than just exports. Comparison between exports and imports results in net exports that may be a surplus or deficit. Romania has always been a deficit country since 1990 and it has to be analyzed in the sense that, due to the difference in favor of imports, part of the gross domestic product made in Romania diminishes with this deficit. The authors, by analyzing this data, highlight how the activity of international economic exchanges has evolved.

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