scholarly journals GAMBARAN FAKTOR RISIKO PADA PENDERITA STROKE ISKEMIK YANG DIRAWAT INAP NEUROLOGI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JULI 2012 - JUNI 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Y. C. R. Kabi ◽  
Rizal Tumewah ◽  
Mieke A. H. N. Kembuan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: Ischemic stroke is a clinical sign of dysfunction or brain tissue damage caused by lack of blood flow to the brain that disrupts the need for blood and oxygen to the brain. WHO defines stroke as a rapidly developing clinical signs of focal brain due to interference (or global) with symptoms - that last for 24 hours or more- and can cause death without any other obvious cause other than vascular. This study aimed to obtain an overview of risk factors in ischemic stroke patients in the Inpatient Neurology Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado period July 2012 - June 2013. Data were taken by collecting data of ischemic stroke patients medical records. There were 60 patients during that period. Patients affected by stroke were aged between 51 - 65 years and had histories of hypertension.Keywords: risk factors, ischemic stroke.Abstrak: Stroke iskemik adalah tanda klinis disfungsi atau kerusakan jaringan otak yang disebabkan kurangnya aliran darah ke otak sehingga mengganggu kebutuhan darah dan oksigen di otak. WHO mendefiniskan stroke merupakan suatu tanda klinis yang berkembang cepat akibat gangguan otak fokal (atau global) dengan gejala - gejala yang berlangsung selama 24 jam atau lebih dan dapat menyebabkan kematian tanpa adanya penyebab lain yang jelas selain vaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang faktor resiko pada pasien stroke iskemik di rawat inap Neurologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juli 2012 - Juni 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data pasien yang terkena stroke iskemik di bagian rekam medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Didapatkan 60 pasiem selama periode Juli 2012 – Juni 2013. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat maka disimpulkan bahwa pasien yang sering terkena stroke adalah pasien yang berumur antara 51-65 tahun, dan pasien yang memiliki riwayat hipertensi.Kata kunci: faktor risiko, stroke iskemik

Stroke

2016 ◽  
pp. 109-146
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Gelb
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Mri Scans

This chapter focuses on the primary causes and preventions of stroke. Ischemic stroke occurs when a localized area in the nervous system is deprived of glucose and oxygen because of inadequate cerebral blood flow. The severity of injury is a function of how much the blood flow has been reduced and for how long. In most cases, strokes can be diagnosed purely on the basis of the history and examination. After a stroke occurs, it will continue to manifest as a region of impeded diffusion (also referred to as “restricted diffusion”) on MRI for about two weeks, but MRI scans are unnecessary when the history and examination provide compelling evidence of a stroke and the mechanism of stroke is apparent. Some studies have shown that early rehabilitation allows stroke patients to recover more quickly and perhaps to a higher level of function. Stroke prevention will continue to be the cornerstone of stroke management. Primary prevention is directed toward the early recognition and treatment of risk factors that predispose to the development of cerebrovascular disease.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR RESIKO STROKE ISKEMIK PADA PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT PTPN II BANGKATAN BINJAI TAHUN 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Brain

Ischemic stroke is a stroke that is almost 25% caused by blockage of a blood clot, narrowing of an artery or some arteries that lead to the brain or embolus (feces) that is released from the heart or an estrhetic artery (an artery outside the skull) that causes a single or multiple arteries intracran (arteries inside the skull). The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for ischemic stroke in PT Departure II Bangkat Binjai Hospital. This type of research is descriptive with a cross sectional design. The population in this study were all ischemic stroke patients with a sample of 42 people. The results showed that the majority of patients aged 50-55 years as many as 15 people (36%), the majority of patients were male as many as 24 people (57%), the majority of patients had elementary education as many as 16 people (38%), the majority the work of patients is working as civil servants as many as 14 people (33%). Ischemic stroke due to hypertension as many as 32 people (76%), ischemic stroke due to smoking as many as 22 people (52%), ischemic stroke due to diabetes as many as 23 people (55%), ischemic stroke due to cholesterol as many as 21 people (50%). Ischemic stroke sufferers must know more about what is meant by prevention and treatment obtained from the medical team. It is expected that ischemic stroke patients will control things that affect or encourage ischemic stroke. It is expected that medical personnel can provide an explanation and counseling to ischemic stroke patients about ischemic stroke risk factors and their preventionKeywords: Risk Factors, Ischemic Stroke

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Solanum surattense on Brain Tissue Damage and Oxidative Stress in Adult Rats with Toxoplasmosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Mansour Ataei ◽  
Arash Khaki ◽  
Yagoob Garedaghi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Solanum Surattense ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is caused by a protozoan named Toxoplasma gondii. This protozoan is a parasite of cats that can spread among other animals and birds around the world and cause a disease that varies from mild to severe. The disease is seen in the forms of acquired toxoplasmosis and congenital toxoplasmosis. Many studies have shown that there is a relationship between reproductive function and toxoplasmosis. T. gondii has led to decreased reproductive performance of males and females in many experimental animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum surattense on the brain tissue damage and brain oxidative stress induced by T. gondii in adult rats. Methods: For this purpose, 32 adult female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. In group 1, 8 healthy rats received IP saline for 3 weeks. In group 2, 8 rats with T. gondii received IP saline for 3 weeks. In group 3, 8 rats with T. gondii received the hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense for 3 weeks. In group 4, 8 healthy rats received the hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense for 3 weeks. Then, brain tissue resection was performed to evaluate histological damage and levels of antioxidant enzymes. Results: Histological and biochemical studies showed that T. gondii had a deleterious effect on the brain tissue of rats and increased the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The administration of hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense improved these effects due to its high antioxidant properties. Conclusion: The administration of the appropriate dose of hydroalcoholic extract of S. surattense for three consecutive weeks had a protective effect on brain tissue exposed to T. gondii.

scholarly journals Monocytes carrying GFAP detect glioma, brain metastasis and ischemic stroke, and predict glioblastoma survival

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter B L van den Bossche ◽  
Arnaud J P E Vincent ◽  
Cristina Teodosio ◽  
Jeroen Koets ◽  
Aladdin Taha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Brain Metastasis ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Disease Monitoring ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage

Abstract Diagnosis and monitoring of primary brain tumours, brain metastasis and acute ischemic stroke all require invasive, burdensome and costly diagnostics, frequently lacking adequate sensitivity, particularly during disease monitoring. Monocytes are known to migrate to damaged tissues, where they act as tissue macrophages, continuously scavenging, phagocytizing, and digesting apoptotic cells and other tissue debris. We hypothesize that upon completion of their tissue-cleaning task, these tissue macrophages might migrate via the lymph system to the bloodstream, where they can be detected and evaluated for their phagolysosomal contents. We discovered a blood monocyte subpopulation carrying the brain-specific glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in glioma patients and in patients with brain metastasis and evaluated the diagnostic potential of this finding. Blood samples were collected in a cross-sectional study before or during surgery from adult patients with brain lesions suspected of glioma. Together with blood samples from healthy controls, these samples were flow cytometrically evaluated for intracellular GFAP in monocyte subsets. Acute ischemic stroke patients were tested at multiple time points after onset to evaluate the presence of GFAP-carrying monocytes in other forms of brain-tissue damage. Clinical data was collected retrospectively. High-grade gliomas (N = 145), brain metastasis (N = 21) and large stroke patients (>100cm3)(N = 3 vs. 6; multiple time points) had significantly increased frequencies of GFAP+CD16+ monocytes compared to healthy controls. Based on both a training and validation set, a cut-off value of 0.6% GFAP+CD16+ monocytes was established, with 81% sensitivity (95%CI 75%-87%) and 85% specificity (95%CI 80%-90%) for brain lesion detection. Acute ischemic strokes of > 100 cm3 reached >0.6% of GFAP+CD16+ monocytes within the first 2-8 hours after hospitalisation and subsided within 48 hours. Glioblastoma patients with >20% GFAP+CD16+ non-classical monocytes had a significantly shorter median overall survival (8.1 vs 12.1 months). Our results and the available literature, support the hypothesis of a tissue-origin of these GFAP-carrying monocytes. Blood monocytes carrying GFAP have a high sensitivity and specificity for detection of brain lesions and for glioblastoma patients with a decreased overall survival. Furthermore, their very rapid response to acute tissue damage identifies large areas of ischemic tissue damage within 8 hours after an ischemic event. These studies are the first to report the clinical applicability for brain tissue damage detection through a minimal invasive diagnostic method, based on blood monocytes and not serum markers, with direct consequences for disease monitoring in future (therapeutic) studies and clinical decision making in glioma and acute ischemic stroke patients.

Prediction of Functional Outcome in Patients with Acute Stroke by Measuring tRNA Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Ishida ◽  
Takashi Inoue ◽  
Kuniyasu Niizuma ◽  
Natsumi Konno ◽  
Chitose Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage ◽  
Cell Stress Response ◽  
Trna Derivatives

<b><i>Background and Purpose:</i></b> Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a noncoding RNA that delivers amino acids to ribosomes for protein synthesis. tRNA is also involved in cell stress response programs. Oxidative stress induces direct conformational change in tRNA structure that promotes subsequent tRNA fragmentation. Using an antibody against tRNA-specific modified nucleoside 1-methyladenosine (m1A), we can detect tRNA derivatives such as conformationally changed tRNA, tRNA-derived fragments, and mononucleotide-free m1A. Based on these findings, tRNA derivatives may have potential as an early tissue damage marker. The purpose of this study was to investigate the plasma tRNA derivatives in stroke patients to clarify whether tRNA derivatives in the acute phase can detect early brain damage and then predict the functional outcome. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients (75 patients with ischemic and 66 with hemorrhagic stroke) and 22 healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled for this study between November 2016 and February 2019. Plasma samples were collected within 24 h and at 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days from the onset. Plasma tRNA derivative concentrations were measured by ELISA kit using the anti-m1A antibody. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The plasma tRNA derivative level on admission was significantly increased in both ischemic (mean ± standard error, 232.2 ± 33.1 ng/mL) and hemorrhagic stroke patients (212 ± 23.4 ng/mL) compared to the healthy volunteers (86.0 ± 7.9 ng/mL) (<i>p</i> = 0.00042 and <i>p</i> = 0.00018, respectively). The infarction size (<i>r</i> = 0.445, <i>p</i> = 0.00018) and hematoma volumes (<i>r</i> = 0.33, <i>p</i> = 0.0072) were also significantly correlated with tRNA derivatives. The concentrations of tRNA derivatives were associated with poor functional outcome (Modified Rankin Scale score 3–6 at 30 days from the onset) in patients with ischemic stroke at 7 days after onset (<i>p</i> = 0.020). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Stress-induced tRNA derivatives can detect brain tissue damage, predicting functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Study of Morphofunctional Parameters of Blood Cells in Ischemic Stroke Using a Genome-wide Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Ulyana Viktorovna Matveeva ◽  
Malika Ruslanovna Askhanova ◽  
Shamsi Aisayevich Saydaev ◽  
Alina Said-Alvievna Bakasheva ◽  
Diana Magomedovna Nauruzova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Apolipoprotein Ciii ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage

Biomarkers can play many useful roles in modern neurology. Early diagnosis and immediate therapy are important factors for reducing the degree of brain tissue damage in ischemic stroke, reduces the risk of death from stroke. In the current study, apolipoprotein CIII (ApoCIII), a biomarker of ischemic stroke, was found.

scholarly journals Description of Triglyceride Risk Factors with Ischemic Stroke Patients at UKI Hospital for 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Ganda Pariama ◽  
Agus Yudawijaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Christian University ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Brain

Stroke is a neurologic disease that results from a blood supply to the brain. Ischemic stroke is the most frequent stroke caused by thrombus and embolism. Stroke patients in urban areas, roughly 28,5 % die, the rest are either completely paralyzed or even totally paralyzed, and the rest 15 % healed. Riskesdas' 2018 data, the rate of strokes at age 75 reaches 50,2 % and the male gender with an 11 % while women are 10,9 %. One of the minor risk factors that can be controlled is high blood fat, triglycerides. That study was conducted to assess the risk factor for record triglycerides with ischemic stroke patients at the General Hospital of the Christian University of Indonesia. The study uses a retrospective descriptive method—data retrieval using medical records. Taking samples using is a total sampling method from January – December 2018 with 113 patients. Triglycerides above normal are 63 patients (55,8 %), high cholesterol total and Low-Density Lipoprotein levels is 68 patients (60,2 %) and 61 patients (54 %). Male patients has 59 (52,2 %).  

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HASIL CT SCAN KEPALA PADA PENDERITA DENGAN KLINIS STROKE NON-HEMORAGIK DI BAGIAN RADIOLOGI FK. UNSRAT / SMF RADIOLOGI BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI 2011- DESEMBER 2011

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arswendo Tjikoe ◽  
Elvie Loho ◽  
Ramli H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Request Form ◽  
Neurologic Diseases ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: Stroke is the most common of neurologic manifestations and easily recognizable from the other neurologic diseases due to the early onset of sudden in a short time. Stroke as clinical diagnosis was divided to hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. In hemorrhagic stroke there is a rupture in blood vessel so the blood flow became abnormal and bleeds into surrounding brain and damage it. In ischemic stroke the blood flow heading to the brain is interrupted due to atherosclerosis process. The purpose of this study is to know about description of head CT scan in patient with clinical diagnonis of stroke non hemorrhagic in Department/SMF Radiology Faculty Of Medicine UNSRAT BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado period on 1st January 2011 – 31st December 2011. Methods: The study design was a retrospective descriptive study. The data are from request form sheet and radiographic response in the Department of Radiology and processed in descriptive. Results: Base on 163 data of stroke patients obtained, 74 patients diagnosed with infarction stroke (45,4%). Male had more (59,5%) than female (40,5%). For age group, 60-79 is the largest with 33 patients (44,6%). Area with most lesion was in parietal dextra lobe with 8 cases (10,8%). Most cases was happened in August with 10 cases (13,5%). Conclusion: Patients with radiology diagnosis infarction stroke, the most common infarction location is in parietal dextra area. Keywords: CT Scan, Infarction Stroke, Parietal Dextra.   Abstrak: Stroke merupakan salah satu manifestasi neurologik yang umum, dan mudah dikenal dari penyakit-penyakit neurologik lain karena mula timbulnya mendadak dalam waktu yang singkat. Stroke sebagai diagnosis klinis terbagi menjadi stroke hemoragik (pendarahan) dan stroke non-hemoragik (iskemik). Pada stroke hemoragik pembuluh darah pecah sehingga aliran darah menjadi tidak normal dan darah yang keluar merembes masuk ke dalam suatu daerah di otak dan merusaknya. Sedangkan pada stroke non-hemoragik aliran darah ke otak terhenti karena aterosklerosis atau bekuan darah yang telah menyumbat suatu pembuluh darah, melalui proses aterosklerosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil CT scan kepala pada penderita dengan klinis stroke non-hemoragik di Bagian Radiologi FK. Unsrat / SMF Radiologi BLU RSUP Prof. dr. R. D Kandou Manado periode Januari 2011- Desember 2011. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder berupa lembaran permintaan & jawaban CT scan kepala yang terdapat di bagian Radiologi BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 1 Januari 2011 – 31 Desember 2011. Hasil penelitian: Berdasarkan 163 data pasien yang didapatkan, 74 pasien didiagnosis dengan stroke infark (45,4%). Laki-laki lebih banyak (59,5%) dari perempuan (40,5%). Kelompok umur 60-79 merupakan kelompok umur terbanyak yaitu 33 pasien (44,6%). Daerah lesi terbanyak adalah pada daerah parietalis dextra dengan 8 kasus (10,8%). Kasus terbanyak terjadi pada bulan agustus dengan 10 kasus (13,5%). Simpulan: Pada pasien dengan diagnosis radiologi stroke infark, lokasi infark yang paling banyak muncul adalah terdapat pada daerah parietal dextra. Kata kunci: CT Scan, Stroke Infark, Parietal Dextra.

scholarly journals Statins in preventing stroke

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Viktor Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Bioelectric Activity ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Key Words Ischemic Stroke ◽  
The Brain

Abstact. The results of a comprehensive analysis of Simvastatin (at a dose of 20 mg per day) on the functional state of the brain in patients with atherothrombotic ischemic stroke are presented. Simvastatin provokes vasoactive action (increases linear rate of systolic blood flow velocity (LBFVsys) and decreases peripheral resistance in separate vessels of the carotid and vertebra-basilar basins), posseses antiatherogenic action (a drug decrease in the intima size, in the frequency of the atherosclerotic plagues, in the level of cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoproteids (LDLs). This medication leads to a positive reorganization of the bioelectric activity of the brain (increases the frequency of alpha rhythm and decreases the power of the slow rhythms), being more marked in the patients with a left-sided ischemic localization. Complex positive effects of the Simvastatin on the cerebral hemodynamic, bioelectric activity of the brain and lipid metabolism in the patients after athrothrombotic ischemic stroke allow us to recommend Simvastatin not only for the secondary prevention of stroke but also for the correction of CNS functioning in stroke patients during their rehabilitation. Key words: ischemic stroke; statins; bioelectric activity of the brain; cerebral blood flow; atherothrombotic ischemic stroke

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