scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Terjadinya Preeklampsia

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Sudarman ◽  
Hermie M. M. Tendean ◽  
Freddy W. Wagey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Hypertension in pregnancy is still a major cause of maternal death. Preeclampsia affects about 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. This study was aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia. This was is a literature review study, using three databases, namely PubMed, ClinicalKey, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were risk factors OR faktor risiko AND preeclampsia OR preeklampsia. After being selected with inclusion and exclusion criteria, a critical appraisal was carried out and obtained 30 literatures consisting of 14 cross-sectional studies, 13 case control studies, and 3 cohort studies. The results found 30 literatures examined the relationship factors or characteristics of age, parity or gravida status, obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, history of kidney disease, history of preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, family history of preeclampsia, duration between pregnancies, socioeconomic status (education levels and employment), and autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, the factors associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia are age at risk for pregnant women, nulliparity, primigravida, obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, history of kidney disease, history of preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, family history of preeclampsia, distance between pregnancies, socioeconomic level, and autoimmune disease.Keywords: risk factors, preeclampsia.  Abstrak: Hipertensi dalam kehamilan masih menjadi penyebab kematian ibu yang cukup tinggi. Preeklampsia memengaruhi sekitar 2% hingga 8% kehamilan di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya preeklamp-sia. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review, menggunakan tiga database yaitu PubMed, ClinicalKey, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu risk factor OR faktor risiko AND preeclampsia OR preeklampsia. Setelah diseleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dilakukan critical appraisal, didapatkan 30 literatur yang terdiri dari 14 cross-sectional study, 13 case control study, dan 3 cohort study. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 30 literatur yang meneliti hubungan faktor atau karakteristik usia, paritas atau status gravida, obesitas, diabetes melitus, hipertensi kronik, riwayat penyakit ginjal, riwayat preeklampsia, kehamilan ganda, riwayat preeklampsia keluarga, jarak antar kehamilan, status sosial ekonomi (tingkat pendidikan dan pekerjaan), dan penyakit autoimun. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya preeklampsia yaitu usia ibu hamil berisiko, nuliparitas, primigravida, obesitas, diabetes melitus, hipertensi kronik, riwayat penyakit ginjal, riwayat preeklampsia, kehamilan ganda, riwayat preeklampsia keluarga, jarak antar kehamilan, tingkat sosioekonomi, dan penyakit autoimun.Kata kunci: faktor risiko, preeklampsia

scholarly journals Risk Factor Prevalence of Late Onset Preeclampsia in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Fajrinka Pralampito ◽  
Agus Sulistyono ◽  
Sri Purwaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Risk Factor Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a condition of hypertension that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation, followed by the detection of protein in the urine sample, and is one of the major causes of maternal mortality. It is categorized, based on time of gestation, into 2-stage are early and late-onset. One of the more accessible tools in diagnosing and also preventing preeclampsia is by its risk factors. The aim of this study was to observe the appearance of some of the risk factors in patients with late-onset preeclampsia and to allow a better approach in patients with said comorbidities.Methods: This was a descriptive observational study. The sample used was 35 patients diagnosed with late-onset preeclampsia in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from January to December 2016.Results: Among 35 patients diagnosed with late-onset preeclampsia, obesity (65.71%) appeared the most. Maternal age (37.15%) and primigravida (28.57%) appeared in second and third places. Chronic hypertension appeared only in 6 (17.14%) patients, whereas multiple pregnancies appeared in 3 (8.57%). Both patients with a history of previous preeclampsia and diabetes mellitus only appeared once (2.86%).Conclusion: Obesity has the most appearance in patients with late-onset preeclampsia, followed by maternal age and primigravida. 

scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL (STUDI KASUS DI RSUD KABUPATEN BREBES TAHUN 2014)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuning Saraswati ◽  
Mardiana Mardiana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstrak   Kejadian preeklampsia di Kabupaten Brebes meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pada tahun 2011 sebanyak 215 kasus (1.547 persalinan), tahun 2012 sebanyak 170 kasus (1.957 persalinan), tahun 2013 sebanyak 225 kasus (1.811 persalinan) dan tahun 2014 sampai dengan bulan September sebanyak 180 kasus (1.316 persalinan). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di RSUD Kabupaten Brebes tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan case control . Sampel sejumlah 145 orang untuk masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square dengan derajat kemaknaan (α) = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunujukan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia adalah umur (p value = 0,0001; OR = 15,731), status gravida (p value = 0,009; OR = 2,173), riwayat keturunan ( p value = 0,033; OR = 2,618), pemeriksaan antenatal ( p value = 0,0001; OR = 17,111), riwayat preeklampsia (p value = 0,0001; OR = 20,529), riwayat hipertensi ( p value = 0,0001; OR = 6,026). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan adalah jenis pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, riwayat diabetes mellitus, dan riwayat kehamilan ganda.   Abstract   The incidence of preeclampsia in Brebes District was increasing from year to year. In 2011 there were 215 cases (1,547 births), in 2012 there were 170 cases (1,957 births), in 2013 there were 225 cases (1,811 births) and until September 2014 there were 180 cases (2,316 births). The purpose of this research was to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women from Brebes district hospital in 2014. This research was an analytical survey with case control approach. The total sample was 145 people for each case and control group which was taken with simple random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using chi-square test with α = 0,05. The results of this research showed that the risk factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia was age (p value = 0,0001; OR = 15,731), gravida status (p value = 0,009; OR = 2,173), heredity profile (p value = 0,033; OR = 2,618), antenatal examination (p value = 0,0001; OR = 17,111), history of preeclampsia (p value = 0,0001; OR = 20,529), history of hypertension (p value = 0,0001; OR = 6,026). The variables that were not related was the type of work, level of education, history of diabetes mellitus, and history of multiple pregnancy.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Okoth Achila ◽  
Millen Ghebretinsae ◽  
Abraham Kidane ◽  
Michael Simon ◽  
Shewit Makonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with peripheral neuropathy among diabetic individuals: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Christa Kingston ◽  
Aravindan J. ◽  
Srikumar Walsalam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one among the most common complication in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy hinders the quality of life causing morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to find the risk factors associated with diabetic neuropathy.Methods: This case control study involved 100 diabetic patients attending the Dohnavur fellowship hospital, Dohnavur from October 2019 to March 2020. Sociodemographic profile and diabetic characteristics of the study group were obtained and analysed. Diagnosis of Diabetic Neuropathy was done by using the diagnostic method proposed by American Diabetic Association.Results: Of the total study population with mean age 59.43 years, 63% had family history of diabetes. Almost 70% had poor diabetic control. Statistically significant relationships were found between neuropathy and duration of diabetes, glycaemic control, history of hypertension, monofilament test and pinprick sensation.Conclusions: In this study, glycemic control, dyslipidemia and hypertension were modifiable risk factors for diabetic neuropathy. Early interventional programs to sensitize diabetics on these factors could improve the quality of life of Diabetic patients. 

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with premature myocardial infarction: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e023647
Author(s):  
Sagar B Dugani ◽  
Ana Patricia Ayala Melendez ◽  
Roger Reka ◽  
Yousif M Hydoub ◽  
Shannon N McCafferty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Premature Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

IntroductionPremature myocardial infarction (MI) generally refers to MI in men ≤55 years or women ≤65 years. Premature MI is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), which claimed 17.6 million lives globally in 2016. Reducing premature MI and CVD is a key priority for all nations; however, there is sparse synthesis of information on risk factors associated with premature MI. To address this knowledge gap, we are conducting a systematic review to describe the association between risk factors (demographics, lifestyle factors and biomarkers) and premature MI.Methods and analysisThe following databases were searched from inception to June 2018: CENTRAL, CINAHL, Clinical Trials, EMBASE and MEDLINE. We will include original research articles (case–control, cohort and cross-sectional studies) that report a quantitative relationship between at least one risk factor and premature MI. Two investigators will use predetermined selection criteria and independently screen articles based on title and abstract (primary screening). Articles that meet selection criteria will undergo full-text screening based on criteria used for primary screening (secondary screening). Data will be extracted using predetermined data extraction forms. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case–control and cohort studies will be used to evaluate the risk of bias and will be adapted for cross-sectional studies. Whenever feasible, data will be summarised into a random-effects meta-analysis.Ethics and disseminationTo our knowledge, this will be the first study to synthesise results on the relationship between risk factors and premature MI. These findings will inform healthcare providers on factors associated with risk of premature MI and potentially improve primary prevention efforts by guiding development of interventions. These findings will be summarised and presented at conferences and through publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018076862.

scholarly journals 346. Factors Associated with Hypertension in Young Adults with Perinatally-Acquired HIV Infection: a Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S184-S184
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Neil ◽  
Patrick Ryscavage ◽  
Kristen A Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The incidence of systemic hypertension (HTN) among perinatally-HIV-infected (PHIV) patients appears to increase as they enter adulthood. Among non-perinatally HIV-infected adults both traditional and HIV-associated risk factors have been found to contribute to HTN. Whether these same factors contribute to HTN in PHIV is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, clinical, virologic, and immunologic factors associated with HTN among a cohort of PHIV adolescents and young adults, aged ≥18 years. Methods We conducted a case–control study among a population of 160 PHIV adults with and without HTN who were receiving care at the University of Maryland and aged 18–35 years as of December 31, 2017. Covariates assessed included traditional risk factors such as age, family history of HTN, and smoking, as well as HIV- and antiretroviral-associated covariates. Results We identified 49 HTN cases (30.6%) and 111 (69.4%) controls. There were no significant differences in the odds of most traditional (age, gender, race, family history of HTN, tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drug use) or HIV-associated (CD4 nadir <100 cells/mm3, individual ART exposure, ART interruption) risk factors among PHIV adults with HTN compared with those with no diagnosis of HTN. Cases had lower odds of a history of treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Cases had 3.7 (95% CI 1.11, 12.56) times the odds of a prior diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with controls after controlling for CD4 nadir and ARV treatment history. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that most traditional and HIV-related risk factors do not appear to increase the odds of having HTN in this PHIV cohort. However, HTN among PHIV may be driven in part by CKD, and a focus on the prevention and early management of CKD in this group may be necessary to prevent the development of HTN. Additionally, there may be as yet unidentified risk factors for HTN among PHIV which require further exploration. Given the large and growing population of PHIV entering adulthood worldwide, it is imperative to explore risk factors for and effects of HTN in large, diverse PHIV populations. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

The values of cardio-ankle vascular and ankle-brachial indices in patients with carbohydrate metabolic disorders: The ESSE-RF study in the Kemerovo Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Sumin ◽  
N A Bezdenezhnykh ◽  
N V Fedorova ◽  
A V Shcheglova ◽  
E V Indukaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Aim. To investigate factors associated with pathological cardio-ankle vascular and ankle-brachial indices (CAVI and ABI) in patients with carbohydrate metabolic disorders (CMD). Subjects and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the framework of the multicenter epidemiological study “Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Risk Factors in the Russian Federation” (ESSE-RF) in March to October 2013. The standard ESSE-RF protocol was extended by an additional study of peripheral arterial stiffness, by estimating CAVI and ABI automatically. A sample of 1619 people was formed in several stages, in which 311 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes were identified and divided into 3 groups: 1) 41 patients with pathological CAVI values (≥9.0); 2) 241 with normal CAVI (

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety in the Adult Population of Qatar in the First Year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from an Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma M. Khaled ◽  
Iman Amro ◽  
Lina Bader ◽  
Peter Woodruff ◽  
Majid A Alabdulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Prior History ◽  
First Year ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, COVID-19 infection and mortality rates.Aim: To identify factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after the first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the PHQ-ADS scale. Results: Of 1138 participants, 71.05% were female, 69.0% Arabs, and 70.0% Non-Qataris. 77% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR=1.67, p=0.026), never married (OR=2.04, p < 0.001 (versus married), prior history of psychiatric disorder (versus no history) (OR=1.76, p=0.039), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR=1.72, p=0.003), those with a history of COVID-19 (OR=1.76, p=0.039), loneliness (OR=1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR=0.96, p=0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR=0.97, p=0.055).Conclusions: The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar crises, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.

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