Spatial profile of Al-ZnO thin film on polycarbonate deposited by ring-shaped magnetized rf plasma sputtering with two facing cylindrical Al2O3 - ZnO targets

Author(s):  
Yasunori OHTSU ◽  
Godai Sakata ◽  
Julian Schulze ◽  
Takeshi Yasunaga ◽  
Yasuyuki Ikegami

Abstract Radial profiles of the ion saturation current are measured in a ring-shaped magnetized radio-frequency plasma sputtering process with two facing cylindrical ZnO targets including Al2O3 (2% wt.). The profile has a non-uniform shape with a peak whose position corresponds to the target near the electrode due to the effect of the magnetic field distribution. It becomes uniform at large distances between the substrate and a target (d st ≥ 50 mm). The radial profile of the resistivity of the Al-ZnO (AZO) films deposited on a polycarbonate plate at Ar gas pressure of 0.27 Pa is uniform at about 10-3 Ω·cm for d st ≥ 50 mm. The films deposited at various positions and room-substrate-temperature also show a good crystallinity based on an X-ray diffraction peak of about 33.95 - 34.44°. The grains exhibit a preferential orientation along the [002] axis with its size ranging from 18.15 to 28.17 nm. A higher transmittance of 95.6 % in the visible region is also obtained.

1996 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hunt ◽  
R. W. Moss ◽  
J. E. Olson ◽  
D. H. Lee ◽  
X. W. Wang

AbstractRecently, an energetic film growth technique was developed. In this process, an RF (radio frequency) plasma was ignited in an ambient atmospheric environment. An aqueous solution was excited into mist, which was then fed into the plasma reactor. After vaporization, films were formed on substrates outside the plasma. As a by-product, small amount of powders were collected in the plasma reactor. Films studied were indium-tin oxide (ITO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and lanthanum strontium manganite oxides (LaSrMnO). Films and powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX, EDS), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) transmission measurements. Morphology of a film surface was dependent on deposition conditions, such as chemical composition of the precursor materials, precursor feeding rate, and/or substrate temperature.


Author(s):  
E. Boyer ◽  
F. Gitzhofer ◽  
M. Boulos

Abstract Thermal plasma spraying is a suitable technique for hydroxyapatite [HA, Ca10(P04)6(OH)2] coating preparation. Suspension Plasma Spraying (SPS) is a newly developed process based on a suspension of fine (<10 μm) or even ultrafine (<100 μm) powders, axially fed into the RF plasma through an atomization probe. The atomization of the suspension results in microdroplets (20 μm in size). They are flash dried, melted and finally impacted onto the substrate to solidify and build the coating. The aqueous suspension of HA is chemically synthesized. Our experiments included variations of the plasma gas composition (Ar/O2, Ar/H2), the plasma deposition reactor pressure. Characterizations techniques (e.g. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope) were applied to resultant SPS HA coatings which possessed good crystallinity and about 3% weight α-TCP and lime. The texture examination has shown that preferential crystal orientation followed the (001) Miller's plane family. SPS by RF induction plasma has proved to be a reliable process for the production of thick (200 μm) HA coatings with high deposition rate (>150 μm/min).


Author(s):  
A. R. Landa Canovas ◽  
L.C. Otero Diaz ◽  
T. White ◽  
B.G. Hyde

X-Ray diffraction revealed two intermediate phases in the system MnS+Er2S3,:MnEr2S4= MnS.Er2S3, and MnEr4S7= MnS.2Er2S3. Their structures may be described as NaCl type, chemically twinned at the unit cell level, and isostructural with CaTi2O4, and Y5S7 respectively; i.e. {l13} NaCl twin band widths are (4,4) and (4,3).The present study was to search for structurally-related (twinned B.) structures and or possible disorder, using the more sensitive and appropiate technigue of electron microscopy/diffraction.A sample with nominal composition MnEr2S4 was made by heating Mn3O4 and Er2O3 in a graphite crucible and a 5% H2S in Ar gas flow at 1500°C for 4 hours. A small amount of this material was thenannealed, in an alumina crucible, contained in sealed evacuated silica tube, for 24 days at 1100°C. Both samples were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, and in JEOL 2000 FX and 4000 EX microscopes.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int

Optically transparent single crystals of potassium acid phthalate (KAP, 0.5 g) 0.05 g and 0.1 g (1 and 2 mol %) trytophan were grown in aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Single crystal X- ray diffraction analysis confirmed the changes in the lattice parameters of the doped crystals. The presence of functional groups in the crystal lattice has been determined qualitatively by FTIR analysis. Optical absorption studies revealed that the doped crystals possess very low absorption in the entire visible region. The dielectric constant has been studied as a function of frequency for the doped crystals. The thermal stability was evaluated by TG-DSC analysis.


2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 937-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babiker Y. Abdulkhair ◽  
Mutaz E. Salih ◽  
Nuha Y. Elamin ◽  
A. MA. Fatima ◽  
A. Modwi

AbstractStrenuous efforts have been employed to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) with eco-friendly methods; however, few studies have reported the fabrication of ZnO using a sustainable procedure. In this study, spherical ZnO nanoparticles were successfully fabricated for photocatalysis applications using a simple and eco-friendly method using an arabinose sugar solution. The ZnO nanoparticles with a wurtzite structure were obtained by combining zinc nitrate and arabinose in water, followed by heating, evaporation, and calcinations at different annealing temperatures. The annealed ZnO photocatalysts were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The findings revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure and good crystallinity with crystallite size increasing from 18 to 31 nm by means of an increase in the annealing temperature. The photocatalytic performance was examined to determine the degradation of mix dye waste. The spherical ZnO nanoparticles showed mix pollutant degradation of 84 % in 25 min at 400 °C.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1712
Author(s):  
Appusamy Muthukrishnaraj ◽  
Salma Ahmed Al-Zahrani ◽  
Ahmed Al Otaibi ◽  
Semmedu Selvaraj Kalaivani ◽  
Ayyar Manikandan ◽  
...  

Towards the utilization of Cu2O nanomaterial for the degradation of industrial dye pollutants such as methylene blue and methyl orange, the graphene-incorporated Cu2O nanocomposites (GCC) were developed via a precipitation method. Using Hummers method, the grapheme oxide (GO) was initially synthesized. The varying weight percentages (1–4 wt %) of GO was incorporated along with the precipitation of Cu2O catalyst. Various characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infra-red (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible diffused reflectance (UV-DRS), Raman spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and electro chemical impedance (EIS) were followed for characterization. The cabbage-like morphology of the developed Cu2O and its composites were ascertained from field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). In addition, the growth mechanism was also proposed. The results infer that 2 wt % GO-incorporated Cu2O composites shows the highest value of degradation efficiency (97.9% and 96.1%) for MB and MO at 160 and 220 min, respectively. Further, its catalytic performance over visible region (red shift) was also enhanced to an appreciable extent, when compared with that of other samples.


2000 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuhei Kimura ◽  
Kiyoshi Takahashi ◽  
H. T. Grahn

ABSTRACTAn investigation of the growth mechanism for RF-plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy of cubic GaN films using a nitrided AlGaAs buffer layer was carried out by in-situ reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD). It was found that hexagonal GaN nuclei grow on (1, 1, 1) facets during nitridation of the AlGaAs buffer layer, but a highly pure, cubic-phase GaN epilayer was grown on the nitrided AlGaAs buffer layer.


2006 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Uchikoshi ◽  
Tohru Suzuki ◽  
Hideo Okuyama ◽  
Yoshio Sakka

Highly crystalline-textured alumina ceramics were fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) in a strong magnetic field of 12 T. Preferred orientation of the bulk was controlled by changing the direction of the applied electric field E relative to the magnetic field B during the EPD. Average orientation angle of the prepared monoliths as a function of the angle between the vectors E and B, ϕ B-E was estimated from the X-ray diffraction analysis. Alumina/alumina laminar composites with crystalline- oriented layers were also fabricated by alternately changing the ϕ B-E layer by layer during EPD in a magnetic field of 12 T.


2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas M. Selman ◽  
Zainuriah Hassan

Effects of annealing treatment on growth of rutile TiO2nanorods on structural, morphological and optical properties of TiO2nanorods were investigated. The nanorods were fabricated on p-type (111)-oriented silicon substrates and, all substrates were seeded with a TiO2seed layer synthesized by radio-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering system. Chemical bath deposition (CBD) was carried out to grow rutile TiO2nanorods on Si substrate at different annealing temperatures (350, 550, 750, and 950 °C). Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analyses showed the tetragonal rutile structure of the synthesized TiO2nanorods. Optical properties were examined by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The spectra exhibit one strong UV emission peak which can be seen at around 390 nm for all of the samples. In the visible region, TiO2demonstrated two dominant PL emissions centered at around 519 and 705 nm. The experimental results showed that the TiO2nanorods annealed at 550 °C exhibited the optimal structural properties. Moreover, the CBD method enabled the formation of photosensitive, high-quality rutile TiO2nanorods with few defects for future optoelectronic nanodevice applications.


2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 1333-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ji Sha ◽  
J.S. Park ◽  
Tatsuya Hinoki ◽  
Akira Kohyama ◽  
J. Yu

Three kinds of atmospheres (air, highly-pure Ar and ultra highly-pure Ar gas) with different oxygen partial pressures were applied to investigate the tensile properties and creep behavior of SiC fibers such as Hi-NicalonTM and TyrannoTM-SA. These fibers were annealed and crept at elevated temperatures ranging from1273-1773 K in such environments. After annealing at 1773 K, the room temperature tensile strengths of SiC-based fibers decreased with decreasing the oxygen partial pressure and the near stoichiometric fiber TyrannoTM-SA shows excellent strength retention. At temperatures above the 1573 K, the creep resistance of SiC fibers evaluated by bending stress relaxation (BSR) method under high oxygen partial pressure was lower than that of in low oxygen partial pressure. The microstructural features on these fibers were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).


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